Radiation tests of Hamamatsu multi-pixel photon counters Blazey, G.; Colston, J.; Dyshkant, A. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2019, Letnik:
927, Številka:
C
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Results of radiation tests of Hamamatsu 2.0 × 2.0 mm2 through-silicon-via (S13360-2050VE) multi-pixel photon counters, or MPPCs, are presented (Hamamatsu, 0000). Distinct sets of eight MPPCs were ...exposed to four different 1 MeV neutron equivalent doses of 200 MeV protons. Measurements of the breakdown voltage, gain and noise rates at different bias overvoltages, photoelectron thresholds, and LED illumination levels were taken before and after irradiation. No significant deterioration in performance was observed for breakdown voltage, gain, and response. Noise rates increased significantly with irradiation. These studies were undertaken in the context of MPPC requirements for the Cosmic Ray Veto detector of the Mu2e experiment at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory.
Light yield and spatial uniformity for a large variety of configurations of scintillator tiles was studied. The light from each scintillator was collected by a Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) directly ...viewing the produced scintillation light (SiPM-on-tile technique). The varied parameters included tile transverse size, tile thickness, tile wrapping material, scintillator composition, and SiPM model. These studies were performed using 120 GeV protons at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility. External tracking allowed the position of each proton penetrating a tile to be measured. The results were compared to a GEANT4 simulation of each configuration of scinitillator, wrapping, and SiPM.
Results of radiation tests of Hamamatsu 2.0 x 2.0~mm2 through-silicon-via (S13360-2050VE) multi-pixel photon counters, or MPPCs 1, are presented. Distinct sets of eight MPPCs were exposed to four ...different 1~MeV neutron equivalent doses of 200 MeV protons. Measurements of the breakdown voltage, gain and noise rates at different bias overvoltages, photoelectron thresholds, and LED illumination levels were taken before and after irradiation. No significant deterioration in performance was observed for breakdown voltage, gain, and response. Noise rates increased significantly with irradiation. These studies were undertaken in the context of MPPC requirements for the Cosmic Ray Veto detector of the Mu2e experiment at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory.
The Level-2 muon trigger at D0 Fortner, M.; Maciel, A.; Evans, H. ...
IEEE transactions on nuclear science,
08/2002, Letnik:
49, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The upgraded DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron will feature a new three-level trigger based on physics object recognition. The Level-2 muon trigger is required to use the timing data from the muon ...wire chambers and scintillator to rind track segments and then match those segments with Level-1 muon and fiber tracker trigger information. To accomplish this task, the Level-2 muon trigger features a three-stage approach. The first stage uses a parallel set of custom VME cards that route data through a high-speed and configurable bus to a series of 200-MHz Texas Instruments digital signal processors. This will reduce the large data volume distributed over some 140 sources to a manageable set of three-dimensional track stubs from the 16 cards. Data from these boards are combined to form muon track candidates in the second stage using another custom board built around a 500-MHz Compaq Alpha processor chip. In the third stage, another Alpha-based board matches the muon tracks with tracks found in the central tracking trigger and is able to correlate those muons with other physics objects in the event, such as jets. Queueing simulations of the system running at a rate consistent with the expected input rate and desired background rejection have shown that the Level-2 muon trigger will produce a dead time less than 5%.
Northern Illinois University in collaboration with Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) and Delhi University has been designing and building a proton CT scanner for applications in proton ...treatment planning. The Phase II proton CT scanner consists of eight planes of tracking detectors with two X and two Y coordinate measurements both before and after the patient. In addition, a range stack detector consisting of a stack of thin scintillator tiles, arranged in twelve eight-tile frames, is used to determine the water equivalent path length (WEPL) of each track through the patient. The X-Y coordinates and WEPL are required input for image reconstruction software to find the relative (proton) stopping powers (RSP) value of each voxel in the patient and generate a corresponding 3D image. In this Note we describe tests conducted in 2015 at the proton beam at the Central DuPage Hospital in Warrenville, IL, focusing on the range stack calibration procedure and comparisons with the GEANT~4 range stack simulation.
A New Proton CT Scanner Uzunyan, S A; Blazey, G; Boi, S ...
arXiv.org,
01/2016
Paper, Journal Article
Odprti dostop
The design, construction, and preliminary testing of a second generation proton CT scanner is presented. All current treatment planning systems at proton therapy centers use X-ray CT as the primary ...imaging modality for treatment planning to calculate doses to tumor and healthy tissues. One of the limitations of X-ray CT is in the conversion of X-ray attenuation coefficients to relative (proton) stopping powers, or RSP. This results in more proton range uncertainty, larger target volumes and therefore, more dose to healthy tissues. To help improve this, we present a novel scanner capable of high dose rates, up to 2~MHz, and large area coverage, 20~x~24~cm\(^2\), for imaging an adult head phantom and reconstructing more accurate RSP values.
Computer tomography is one of the most promising new methods to image abnormal tissues inside the human body. Tomography is also used to position the patient accurately before radiation therapy. ...Hadron therapy for treating cancer has become one of the most advantageous and safe options. In order to fully utilize the advantages of hadron therapy, there is a necessity of performing radiography with hadrons as well. In this paper we present the development of a proton computed tomography system. Our second-generation proton tomography system consists of two upstream and two downstream trackers made up of fibers as active material and a range detector consisting of plastic scintillators. We present details of the detector system, readout electronics, and data acquisition system as well as the commissioning of the entire system. We also present preliminary results from the test beam of the range detector.
We describe the development of a proton Computed Tomography (pCT) scanner at Northern Illinois University (NIU) in collaboration with Fermilab and Delhi University. This paper provides an overview of ...major components of the scanner and a detailed description of the data acquisition system (DAQ).
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