•Exact Lyapunov dimension of many classical attractors is known.•Exact Lyapunov dimension for Rossler system has not been known.•Leonov conjecture: it is equal to local Lyapunov dimension in ...stationary point.•In this work Leonov’s conjecture is checked numerically.
Exact Lyapunov dimension of attractors of many classical chaotic systems (such as Lorenz, Henon, and Chirikov systems) is obtained. While exact Lyapunov dimension for Rössler system is not known, Leonov formulated the following conjecture: Lyapunov dimension of Rössler attractor is equal to local Lyapunov dimension in one of its stationary points. In the present work Leonov’s conjecture on Lyapunov dimension of various Rössler systems with standard parameters is checked numerically.
In recent decades, significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and management of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA). Nevertheless, gradual dysfunction and ...failure of the right ventricle (RV) in the systemic circulation remain the main contributors to mortality and disability for patients with ccTGA, especially after adolescence. Anatomic repair of ccTGA effectively resolves the problem of failure of the systemic RV and has good early and midterm results. However, this strategy is applicable primarily in infants and children up to their teens and has associated risks and limitations, and new challenges can arise in the late postoperative period. Patients with ccTGA manifesting progressive systemic RV dysfunction beyond adolescence represent the major challenge. Several palliative options such as cardiac resynchronization therapy, tricuspid valve repair or replacement, pulmonary artery banding, and implantation of an assist device into the systemic RV can be used to improve functional status and to delay the progression of ventricular dysfunction in patients who are not suitable for anatomic correction of ccTGA. For adult patients with severe systemic RV failure, heart transplantation currently remains the only long-term lifesaving procedure, although donor organ availability remains one of the most limiting factors in this type of therapy. This review focuses on current surgical and medical strategies and interventional options for the prevention and management of systemic RV failure in adults and children with ccTGA.
In this paper, we consider problems of discrete approximation of special integral operators with the Calderon–Zygmund kernel. We introduce discrete spaces and bounded discrete operators acting in ...these spaces; then we use these operators for the search for approximate solutions of the corresponding equations. We state theorems on the solvability of equations with discrete operators, compare integral operators with their discrete analogs, and obtain estimates of errors of approximate solutions.
Grain is a biological object, with all specific responses to external actions, that reside in this category. To define principles that are needed for pre-sowing seed treatment, possible seed ...responses to external actions were examined. For this, the analysis of the seed's adaptive response was used as an approach. Main rules to organize seeds stimulus have been established. Use of an informational approach for analysis of bio-logical seed response on external action allowed to find utilizing rules for electrophysical stimulation during a pre-sowing treatment. The idea behind them is to use the following sequence of operations at the pre-sawing seeds treatment: determine the lowest external action energetic at which grains response; organize cyclical action of external factor on seeds; change of action amplitude in each cycle; change of external action type. Field experiments have been conducted for several years, during which were determined operational modes of aerated grain bin electrical equipment, when used for pre-sowing seed treatment.
Pathogenic variants in the GJB2 gene, encoding connexin 26, are known to be a major cause of hearing impairment (HI). More than 300 allelic variants have been identified in the GJB2 gene. Spectrum ...and allelic frequencies of the GJB2 gene vary significantly among different ethnic groups worldwide. Until now, the spectrum and frequency of the pathogenic variants in exon 1, exon 2 and the flanking intronic regions of the GJB2 gene have not been described thoroughly in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), which is located in a subarctic region in Russia. The complete sequencing of the non-coding and coding regions of the GJB2 gene was performed in 393 patients with HI (Yakuts-296, Russians-51, mixed and other ethnicities-46) and in 187 normal hearing individuals of Yakut (n = 107) and Russian (n = 80) populations. In the total sample (n = 580), we revealed 12 allelic variants of the GJB2 gene, 8 of which were recessive pathogenic variants. Ten genotypes with biallelic recessive pathogenic variants in the GJB2 gene (in a homozygous or a compound heterozygous state) were found in 192 out of 393 patients (48.85%). We found that the most frequent GJB2 pathogenic variant in the Yakut patients was c.-23+1G>A (51.82%) and that the second most frequent was c.109G>A (2.37%), followed by c.35delG (1.64%). Pathogenic variants с.35delG (22.34%), c.-23+1G>A (5.31%), and c.313_326del14 (2.12%) were found to be the most frequent among the Russian patients. The carrier frequencies of the c.-23+1G>A and с.109G>A pathogenic variants in the Yakut control group were 10.20% and 2.80%, respectively. The carrier frequencies of с.35delG and c.101T>C were identical (2.5%) in the Russian control group. We found that the contribution of the GJB2 gene pathogenic variants in HI in the population of the Sakha Republic (48.85%) was the highest among all of the previously studied regions of Asia. We suggest that extensive accumulation of the c.-23+1G>A pathogenic variant in the indigenous Yakut population (92.20% of all mutant chromosomes in patients) and an extremely high (10.20%) carrier frequency in the control group may indicate a possible selective advantage for the c.-23+1G>A carriers living in subarctic climate.
Reactions of 5,5,5-trichloropent-3-en-2-one Cl3CCH=CHC(=O)Me with arenes in Brønsted superacid CF3SO3H at room temperature for 2 h–5 days afford 3-methyl-1-trichloromethylindenes, a novel class of ...indene derivatives. The key reactive intermediate, O-protonated form of starting compound Cl3CCH=CHC(=OH+)Me, has been studied experimentally by NMR in CF3SO3H and theoretically by DFT calculations. The reaction proceeds through initial hydroarylation of the carbon-carbon double bond of starting CCl3-enone, followed by cyclization onto the O-protonated carbonyl group, leading to target indenes. In general, 5,5,5-trichloropent-3-en-2-one in CF3SO3H acts as a 1,3-bi-centered electrophile.
Environmental noise impact is increasing every year and may cause serious negative problems for inhabitants of urban territories and for specially protected natural areas. Industrial noise is one of ...the main noise sources of the urban territories of modern towns. On the territory of Togliatti city of Russia the part of the Middle Volga Integrated Biosphere Reserve is located. Results of analysis of environmental noise sources on the territory of north industrial unit of Togliatti city are considered. Methods of analysis of environmental noise in Russia are analysed. Results of measurements of environmental noise in the zone of north industrial unit of Togliatti city are presented. Practically in all noise measuring the exceeding noise values were determined. Measurement results of noise characteristic directly in the territories of industrial enterprises are showing that the main noise sources, especially in low frequency range, are power plants. Noise map of the territory of the north industrial unit of Togliatti city have been developed. In total, it is possible to make a conclusion about the existing of real problem of increased noise impact of industrial enterprises to the population.
Discrete analogs of pseudo-differential operators and equations in discrete Sobolev–Slobodetsky spaces are considered. Using suitable discrete boundary conditions, we prove the unique solvability of ...the discrete boundary-value problem.
PDF
