Abstract Hypertension (HTN) is a global health problem and a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. The hemodynamic overload from HTN causes left ventricular ...(LV) remodeling, which usually manifests as distinct alterations in LV geometry, such as concentric remodeling or concentric and eccentric LV hypertrophy (LVH). In addition to being a common target organ response to HTN, LV geometric abnormalities are well-known independent risk factors for CVD. Because of their prognostic implications and quantifiable nature, changes in LV geometric parameters have commonly been included as an outcome in anti-HTN drug trials. The purpose of this paper is to review the relationship between HTN and LV geometric changes with a focus on (1) diagnostic approach, (2) epidemiology, (3) pathophysiology, (4) prognostic effect and (5) LV response to anti-HTN therapy and its impact on CVD risk reduction.
Overweight and obesity adversely impact cardiac structure and function, affecting systolic and diastolic ventricular function. Epidemiologic studies have documented an obesity paradox in large heart ...failure cohorts, where overweight and obese individuals with established heart failure have a better short- and medium-term prognosis compared with leaner patients; this relationship is strongly impacted by level of cardiorespiratory fitness. There are implications for therapies aimed at increasing lean mass as well as weight loss and improvements in quality of diet for the prevention and treatment of heart failure and concomitant obesity to improve cardiorespiratory fitness.
Hypertension (HTN) is the most common chronic disease impacting over half the US adult population. Our current office-based model of care is failing in its ability to control blood pressure (BP) as ...only 44% of adult US hypertensives are achieving minimal levels of BP control (< 140/90 mmHg), leading to high rates of preventable cardiovascular events and death.
Reengineering care delivery using a fully digital platform combined with a dedicated team-based approach to HTN management has demonstrated superior BP control rates, very high levels patient acceptance, and the ability to better diagnose and treat masked and white coat HTN.
A digital medicine program in the clinical care setting can be an effective and convenient mechanism of delivering HTN management, outperforming traditional office-based care, and is well accepted by patients.
Hypertension (HTN) and obesity are major risk factors for cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, leading to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and heart failure (HF). In this review, we discuss the ...complex mechanisms and effects of HTN and obesity, and their treatments in LVH, ventricular function, and HF.
Obesity and HTN impact the heart through overlapping neurohormonal pathways. However, the relationship between obesity and cardiomyopathy is more complex, and additional metabolic and hemodynamic pathways seem to contribute to cardiac dysfunction in these patients. Weight loss and blood pressure (BP) control help to prevent and reverse at least some of the damage caused by obesity and HTN even beyond what would be expected from solely the hemodynamic changes.
Obesity and HTN cause maladaptive changes in the heart that can lead to LVH and HF. Weight loss and BP control help to, at least partially, reverse some of these changes and improve clinical outcomes in patients with HF.
Hypertension (HTN) that can be attributed to a particular source is known as secondary HTN (SH). Often, SH is difficult to control and thus referred to as resistant HTN, although the two terms are ...not mutually exclusive.
A common theme across several contributors to SH are coactivation of the sympathetic drive and hormonal changes, independent of hormonal axis activation. The key to effective management of SH is early recognition and treatment to avoid catastrophic cardiovascular disease effects and mortality.
This review article provides a contemporary summary of the conditions associated with SH and briefly reviews diagnostics and management.
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