The present study investigated parameters of agreement as well of disagreement among mothers' and teachers' ratings of the behavior of kindergarten boys and girls. Findings indicated a generally low ...to moderate level of agreement between these two types of informants. They also suggested that demographic and background characteristics can effect size and direction of level of agreement. Although proportions of children rated as having the listed behavior problems varied in magnitude according to mothers and teachers, the rank order of the proportion of children with those behavior problems was rather similar for both informants. Such similar rankings of prevalence rates may reflect parents' and teachers' agreement on the consistency of children's behavior across the home and school settings.
RésuméL’objectif de cette étude est d’identifier les facteurs de risque maternels prédisposant les jeunes enfants à manifester de hauts niveaux d’agressivité physique. A partir d’un échantillon de ...2045 enfants, nous avons modélisé les trajectoires d’agression physique entre 17 et 54 mois. Les résultats montrent que le jeune âge de la mère (OR = 1.6 ; p < .01), un faible niveau de scolarité (OR = 1.4 ; p < .05) ; ainsi que les pratiques parentales coercitives (OR = 2.5 ; p < .001) sont significativement associés à l’appartenance à la trajectoire élevée d’agressivité physique. Aucun effet d’interaction n’a été détecté. La présence simultanée des trois caractéristiques maternelles augmente sept fois (OR = 7.09 ; p < .001) le risque pour l’enfant d’appartenir à une trajectoire élevée d’agressivité physique. Une stratégie préventive efficace devrait inclure un entraînement aux compétences parentales, une incitation à la poursuite des études, ainsi que le report à un moment plus tardif de la naissance du premier enfant.
It has been proposed that aggressive behavior may result from unrealistically positive self-evaluations that are disputed by others (Baumeister, Smart, & Boden, 1996). The present three studies ...tested this proposition concurrently and longitudinally for the domain of self-perceived social competence (SPSC) in 3-6th grade children on two continents. Each study tested whether aggressive behavior is related to "general overestimation" of SPSC compared to competence as perceived by peers, or to "disputed overestimation", that is, overestimation disputed through rejection by peers. Specificity of relations with reactively or proactively aggressive behavior patterns was assessed and the predictive value of overestimation to the development of these types of aggressive behavior was investigated. Concurrently, disputed overestimation explained more variance in aggressive behavior than general overestimation, and was uniquely related to proactive aggression. Longitudinally, disputed overestimation also uniquely predicted changes in proactive, not reactive aggression.
CONTEXT Deviant peer group involvement is strongly related to onset, aggravation, and persistence of conduct problems during adolescence. OBJECTIVE To identify early childhood behavioral profiles ...that predict early-onset deviant peer group involvement. DESIGN A 12-year longitudinal study of behavioral development. SETTING Fifty-three inner-city elementary schools in a large Canadian city. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1037 boys in kindergarten from low socioeconomic neighborhoods. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Annual self-reported deviant peer group involvement from 11 to 17 years of age. RESULTS Kindergarten boys were at highest risk of following an early adolescence trajectory of deviant peer group affiliation if they were hyperactive, fearless, and low on prosocial behaviors but much less at risk if they scored high on only 2 of these dimensions. Family adversity had no main effect but substantially increased the risk of following an early adolescence trajectory of deviant peer group affiliation for boys with a profile of hyperactivity, fearlessness, and low prosocial behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Kindergarten boys from low socioeconomic areas who are hyperactive, fearless, infrequently prosocial, and raised in adverse family environments are at much heightened risk of engaging in deviant peer groups early in their development. Boys at high risk can be identified as early as kindergarten and should be targeted for preventive intervention.Arch Gen Psychiatry.2006;63:562-568
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Longitudinal questionnaire data from 631 boys in Quebec revealed a concurrent link between gambling, delinquency, & substance use. Low anxiety/withdrawal at age 10 & 11 modestly predicted gambling. ...Somewhat different predictors were related to delinquency & substance use. Gambler & nongambler groups also were compared on concurrent self-ratings of delinquency & substance use & on antecedent teacher & mother ratings of behavior problems. Implications for understanding behavioral dimensions leading to gambling are discussed. 4 Tables, 55 References. Adapted from the source document.
The relationship of timing of early parental separation to psychosocial development of daughters was examined in 77 girls, 6-9 years of age over a four-year period. Disruptive behavior across ...contexts was prevalent in girls separated between birth and two years of age. Girls separated between three and five years of age showed more externalizing behavior problems, but only in school. Results suggest that early parental separation has more pervasive and stable negative effects on psychosocial adjustment of girls in this age group in single-parent families. Implications of the findings and directions for research are discussed.
Evaluated the factor structure, reliability, and validity of a French version of the Self-Perception Profile for Children. The profile was administered to elementary school students in Quebec, and ...results were correlated with teacher and peer assessments. Results supported a five-factor solution and indicated that each factor was reliably measured. (BC)
This article, written in French, describes and evaluates the first phase of a program to prevent drug addiction among 110 fifth-grade girls with behavior problems in Montreal (Quebec, Canada). ...Evaluation of the instructional program showed positive results for student knowledge level, attitudes, and behaviors and supported program continuation into the second phase. (DB)
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