A dissymmetric backbone and selenophene substitution on the central core was used for the synthesis of symmetric or dissymmetric A‐DA′D‐A type non‐fullerene small molecular acceptors (NF‐SMAs) with ...different numbers of selenophene. From S‐YSS‐Cl to A‐WSSe‐Cl and to S‐WSeSe‐Cl, a gradually red‐shifted absorption and a gradually larger electron mobility and crystallinity in neat thin film was observed. A‐WSSe‐Cl and S‐WSeSe‐Cl exhibit stronger and tighter intermolecular π–π stacking interactions, extra S⋅⋅⋅N non‐covalent intermolecular interactions from central benzothiadiazole, better ordered 3D interpenetrating charge‐transfer networks in comparison with thiophene‐based S‐YSS‐Cl. The dissymmetric A‐WSSe‐Cl‐based device has a PCE of 17.51 %, which is the highest value for selenophene‐based NF‐SMAs in binary polymer solar cells. The combination of dissymmetric core and precise replacement of selenophene on the central core is effective to improve Jsc and FF without sacrificing Voc.
A dissymmetric backbone and selenophene substitution on the central core was employed to synthesize dissymmetric A‐DA′D‐A NF‐SMAs. Their detailed single‐crystal packing were revealed successfully. The dissymmetric A‐WSSe‐Cl:PM6 device presented an impressive PCE of 17.51 %, which is the highest values for selenophene‐based and the dissymmetric NF‐SMAs in binary PSCs.
Integrating desirable light absorption, energy levels, and morphology in one matrix is always the aspiration to construct high‐performance organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, an asymmetric acceptor ...Y6‐1O is incorporated into the binary blends of acceptor Y7‐BO and donor PM6 to prepare ternary OSCs. Two isogenous asymmetric–symmetric acceptors with similar chemical skeletons tend to form alloy‐like state in blends due to their good compatibility, which contributes to optimizing the morphology for efficient charge generation and extraction. The complementary absorption of two acceptors helps to improve the photon harvesting of ternary blends, and the higher lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of Y6‐1O offers the chance to uplift the mixed LUMO energy levels of acceptors. Combining the aforesaid benefits, the ternary OSCs with 10 wt% Y6‐1O produce a top‐ranked power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.11% with simultaneously elevated short‐circuit current density, open‐circuit voltage, and fill factor in comparison to Y7‐BO‐based binary devices. Furthermore, the optimized ternary OSCs with ≈300 nm active layers obtain a champion PCE of 16.61%, which is the highest value for thick‐film devices reported so far. This work puts forward an avenue for further boosting the performance of OSCs with two isogenous acceptors but different asymmetric structures.
The synergistically optimized light absorption, energy levels, and morphology, by incorporating an asymmetric isogenous acceptor Y6‐1O in PM6:Y7‐BO‐based ternary organic solar cells (OSCs), is demonstrated. The optimized ternary OSCs produce a top‐ranked power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.11% and with ≈300 nm active layers obtain a champion PCE of 16.61%, which is the highest value for thick‐film devices reported so far.
Herein, we synthesized new hetero‐halogenated end groups with well‐determined fluorinated and chlorinated substitutions (o‐FCl‐IC and FClF‐IC), and synthesized regioisomer‐free small molecular ...acceptors (SMAs) Y‐Cl, Y‐FCl, and Y‐FClF with distinct hetero‐halogenated terminals, respectively. The single‐crystal structures and theoretical calculations indicate that Y‐FClF exhibits more compact three‐dimensional network packing and more significant π‐π electronic coupling compared to Y‐FCl. From Y‐Cl to Y‐FCl to Y‐FClF, the neat films exhibit a narrower optical band gap and gradually enhanced electron mobility and crystallinity. The PM6 : Y‐FClF blend film exhibits the strongest crystallinity with preferential face‐on molecular packing, desirable fibrous morphology with suitable phase segregation, and the highest and balanced charge mobilities among three blend films. Overall, the PM6 : Y‐FClF organic solar cells (OSCs) deliver a remarkable efficiency of 17.65 %, outperforming the PM6 : Y‐FCl and PM6 : Y‐Cl, which is the best PCE for reported hetero‐halogens‐based SMAs in binary OSCs. Our results demonstrate that difluoro‐monochloro hetero‐terminal is a superior regio‐regular unit for enhancing the intermolecular crystal packing and photovoltaic performance of hetero‐halogenated SMAs.
New fluorine/chlorine regio‐regular hetero‐trihalogenated terminal was firstly synthesized and systematically employed to enhance single‐crystal packing, improve film morphology, and boost device performance of the hetero‐halogenated SMAs. The PM6 : Y‐FClF achieved a remarkable PCE of 17.65 %, which is far better than that of Y‐Cl and Y‐FCl and is the highest efficiency for the hetero‐halogenated SMAs‐based binary OSCs.
A water-stable cationic MOF could be used as a single crystal container to capture Cr(vi)-oxyanions via ion exchange with high capacity and selectivity. It is the first report that demonstrates that ...CrO42- ions could be traced and confirmed via a single-crystal to single-crystal (SC-SC) pattern.
Photon blockade is an effective way to generate single photon, which is of great significance in quantum state preparation and quantum information processing. Here we investigate the statistical ...properties of photons in a double-cavity optomechanical system with nonreciprocal coupling, and explore the photon blockade in the weak and strong coupling regions respectively. To achieve the strong photon blockade, we give the optimal parameter relations under different blockade mechanisms. Moreover, we find that the photon blockades under their respective mechanisms exhibit completely different behaviors with the change of nonreciprocal coupling, and the perfect photon blockade can be achieved without an excessively large optomechanical coupling, i.e., the optomechanical coupling is much smaller than the mechanical frequency, which breaks the traditional cognition. Our proposal provides a feasible and flexible platform for the realization of single-photon source.
Abstract
We propose a scheme to engineer phonon laser in a non-Hermitian cavity magnomechanical (CMM) system with dissipative magnon-photon coupling. The exceptional point (EP) (the analog of the
...-symmetric regime), emerging in the system and changing the properties of photons, magnons, and phonons, can be observed with a tunable dissipative magnon-photon coupling caused by the cavity Lenz’s law. At the EP, we find that a strong nonlinear relation appears between the mechanical amplification factor and the detuning parameter, which results in a dramatic enhancement of magnetostrictive force and mechanical gain, and leading to the highly efficient phonon laser and the ultralow threshold power. Furthermore, EP induced by dissipative coupling is flexible and tunable compared to the
-symmetric regime, and the ultralow threshold power phonon laser is immune to the loss rates of the photon and magnon modes. Our scheme provides a theoretical basis for phonon laser in non-Hermitian systems and presents potential applications ranging from preparing coherent phonon sources to operating on-chip functional acoustic devices.
Late‐onset multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) is the most common form of lipid storage myopathy. The disease is mainly caused by mutations in electron‐transfer flavoprotein ...dehydrogenase gene (ETFDH), which leads to decreased levels of ETF:QO in skeletal muscle. However, the specific underlying mechanisms triggering such degradation remain unknown. We constructed expression plasmids containing wild type ETF:QO and mutants ETF:QO‐A84T, R175H, A215T, Y333C, and cultured patient‐derived fibroblasts containing the following mutations in ETFDH: c.250G>A (p.A84T), c.998A>G (p.Y333C), c.770A>G (p.Y257C), c.1254_1257delAACT (p. L418TfsX10), c.524G>A (p.R175H), c.380T>A (p.L127P), and c.892C>T (p.P298S). We used in vitro expression systems and patient‐derived fibroblasts to detect stability of ETF:QO mutants then evaluated their interaction with Hsp70 interacting protein CHIP with active/inactive ubiquitin E3 ligase carboxyl terminus using western blot and immunofluorescence staining. This interaction was confirmed in vitro and in vivo by co‐immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining. We confirmed the existence two ubiquitination sites in mutant ETF:QO using mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. We found that mutant ETF:QO proteins were unstable and easily degraded in patient fibroblasts and in vitro expression systems by ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway, and identified the specific ubiquitin E3 ligase as CHIP, which forms complex to control mutant ETF:QO degradation through poly‐ubiquitination. CHIP‐dependent degradation of mutant ETF:QO proteins was confirmed by MS and site‐directed mutagenesis of ubiquitination sites. Hsp70 is directly involved in this process as molecular chaperone of CHIP. CHIP plays an important role in ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway dependent degradation of mutant ETF:QO by working as a chaperone‐assisted E3 ligase, which reveals CHIP's potential role in pathological mechanisms of late‐onset MADD.
Abstract
We present a feasible scheme to implement a planar and tunable quantum state transfer (QST) via topologically protected zero-energy mode in a splicing Y-junction Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) ...chain. The introduction of the elaborate nearest-neighbor (NN) hopping enables one to generate a topological interface at the central site of the Y-junction. By modulating the NN hopping adiabatically in the chain, the quantum state initially prepared at the central site can be simultaneously transferred to the three endpoints of the Y-junction with the equal/unequal probabilities. The planar distribution of QST is expected to realize a quantum router, whose function is to make the quantum information on the central site (input port) appear equally/unequally at the three endpoints (output ports) with different directions. Moreover, the numerical simulations demonstrate that the scheme possesses the robustness on the fluctuations of the NN hopping and the on-site potential in the system. Furthermore, we show that the number of the output ports with different directions can be flexibly increased in an extended X-junction SSH chain, and the experimental feasibility for implementing special QST in a superconducting qubit-resonator system is briefly discussed. Our work extends the space distribution of QST from linear distribution to planar distribution and promotes the construction of large-scale quantum networks.
The magnon blockade effect in a parity‐time (PT) symmetric‐like three‐mode cavity magnomechanical system involving the magnon–photon and magnon–phonon interactions is investigated. In the broken and ...unbroken PT‐symmetric regions, the second‐order correlation function is calculated analytically and numerically, respectively, and the optimal value of detuning is further determined. By adjusting different system parameters, the different blockade mechanisms are studied and it is found that the perfect magnon blockade effect can be observed under the weak parameter mechanism. This work paves a way to achieve the magnon blockade in experiment.
Based on a parity‐time symmetric‐like three‐mode cavity magnomechanical system, a new type of magnon blockade scheme is proposed. The magnon blockade effect in different blockade mechanisms is discussed. It is found that the perfect magnon blockade effect can be obtained under the weak parameter mechanism. This work paves a way to achieve the magnon blockade in experiment.
We propose a simple scheme to generate quantum entanglement and one-way steering between distinct mode pairs in a generic cavity magnomechanical system, which is composed of a microwave cavity and a ...yttrium iron garnet sphere supporting magnon and phonon modes. The microwave cavity is pumped by a weak squeezed vacuum field, which plays an important role for establishing quantum entanglement and steering. It is found that when the magnon mode is driven by the red-detuned laser, the maximum entanglement between cavity mode and phonon mode and the maximum phonon-to-photon one-way steering can be effectively generated via adjusting the ratio of two coupling rates. While under the much weaker magnomechanical coupling, the quantum entanglement and one-way steering between cavity mode and magnon mode can be achieved, where the steering direction is determined merely by the relative dissipation strength of the cavity to the magnon mode. More interestingly, we reveal that the robustness to the temperature for entanglement and steering between any mode pairs can be evidently enhanced by selecting the squeezing parameter appropriately.
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