The exchange rate between the US dollar and the RMB has been changing over the past year. Through the analysis of daily changing data, the direct calculation of linear regression will lead to the ...overall upward trend of the data, but not the rise and fall of the exchange rate. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a more accurate ARIMA model to predict the possible development and change of data in a short period of time and analyze what policy causes the sharp fluctuations of data in a short period of time. In the process of applying the ARIMA model, this paper analyzed the shortcomings of ordinary linear regression and therefore proposed how to select the appropriate model for different data processing. The research results of this article provide more beginners in statistics with ideas for solving problems: prediction problems that cannot be solved by simple linear regression and existing elementary models can be analyzed using certain time series models, and reasonable explanations for data changes can be given based on existing policy reasons, Including irresistible inflation and the United States' own adjustment to the Federal Reserve's interest rate hike.
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer with a poor prognosis and few treatment options. Here, building on the observation of elevated lactate (LA) in resected GBM, we ...develop biomimetic therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) that deliver agents for LA metabolism-based synergistic therapy. Because our self-assembling NPs are encapsulated in membranes derived from glioma cells, they readily penetrate the blood-brain barrier and target GBM through homotypic recognition. After reaching the tumors, lactate oxidase in the NPs converts LA into pyruvic acid (PA) and hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
). The PA inhibits cancer cell growth by blocking histones expression and inducing cell-cycle arrest. In parallel, the H
2
O
2
reacts with the delivered bis2,4,5-trichloro-6-(pentyloxycarbonyl)phenyl oxalate to release energy, which is used by the co-delivered photosensitizer chlorin e6 for the generation of cytotoxic singlet oxygen to kill glioma cells. Such a synergism ensures strong therapeutic effects against both glioma cell-line derived and patient-derived xenograft models.
Late Cretaceous magmatism has been widely documented in the Great South Basin (GSB) of New Zealand, which is mainly relevant to the Gondwana break-up (105–83 Ma) and the separation of Zealandia from ...Australia and Antarctica (83–66 Ma). However, the magma plumbing system in the GSB is still poorly understood. In this study, we used a high-resolution 3D seismic reflection data to investigate the igneous intrusions that developed in the northern part of GSB. These igneous intrusions occurred from ∼75 Ma to ∼58 Ma that corresponded to the spreading of the Tasman Sea and the Southern Ocean. Most of the igneous intrusions developed above listric faults which formed during rifting stage. Moreover, dykes are also observed between the listric faults and igneous intrusions. Listric faults, dykes and sills formed the magma plumbing system of GSB. This study explored the possible origin of post-rift magmatism in the GSB, and addressed the post-rift magma plumbing system in detail, which greatly promoted the understanding of GSB’ evolution, resource exploration and marine geological hazard assessment.
•Magma plumbing system of the Great South Basin is described for the first time.•Magmatic activity during the Late Cretaceous is related to the spreading of the Tasman Sea and the Southern Ocean.•The distribution of igneous intrusions in the Great South Basin is controlled by the listric faults.
Herein, we report the precise synthesis of a 3D highly strained all‐phenylene bismacrocycle, termed conjoined (1,4)10cycloparaphenylenophane (SCPP10). This structure consists of a twisted benzene ...ring which is bridged twice by phenylene units anchored in two para‐positions. The conjoined structure of SCPP10 was confirmed in real space at the atomic scale by scanning tunneling microscopy. Theoretical calculations indicate that this bismacrocycle has a very high strain energy of 110.59 kcal mol−1 and the largest interphenylene torsion angle of 46.07° caused by multiple repulsive interactions. Furthermore, a 1:2 host–guest complex of SCPP10 and 6,6‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester was investigated, which represents the first peanut‐shaped 1:2 host–guest complex based on bismacrocycles.
This study reports the precise synthesis of a 3D highly strained all‐phenylene conjoined bismacrocycle (SCPP10). Theoretical calculations indicate that this bismacrocycle has a very high strain energy of 110.59 kcal mol−1 and the largest interphenylene torsion angle of 46.07°. A 1:2 host–guest complex of SCPP10 and PCBM was formed and investigated.
Green tea, a popular and healthy nonalcoholic drink consumed globally, is abundant in natural polyphenols. One of these polyphenols is epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which offers a range of ...health benefits, such as metabolic regulation, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory effects, and potential anticancer properties. Clinical research has shown that EGCG can inhibit cancers in the male and female reproductive systems, including ovarian, cervical, endometrial, breast, testicular, and prostate cancers. Further research on cervical cancer has revealed the crucial role of epigenetic mechanisms in the initiation and progression of this type of cancer. These include changes to the DNA, histones, and non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs. These changes are reversible and can occur even before genetic mutations, making them a potential target for intervention therapies. One promising approach to cancer prevention and treatment is the use of specific agents (known as epi-drugs) that target the cancer epigenome or epigenetic dysregulation. Phytochemicals, a group of diverse molecules, have shown potential in modulating cancer processes through their interaction with the epigenetic machinery. Among these, green tea and its main polyphenol EGCG have been extensively studied. This review highlights the therapeutic effects of EGCG and its nanoformulations on cervical cancer. It also discusses the epigenetic events involved in cervical cancer, such as DNA methylation and microRNA dysregulation, which may be affected by EGCG.
Monitoring the levels of pesticides on plant tissues is important for achieving effective protection of crops after application, as well as ensuring low levels of residues during harvest. In this ...study, a simple, rapid, and fieldable colorimetric method for detecting the pesticide glyphosate (Gly) on the plant tissues in situ using cysteamine-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs-Cys) has been developed. The aggregation of AuNPs-Cys in the presence of Gly results in a consequent color change from red to blue (or purple), which could be observed visually on the surface of plant tissues. With the naked eye, we successfully detected Gly spiked on the surface of spinach, apple, and corn leaves in situ. Further verification and quantification were achieved using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) which uses AuNPs-Cys as the substrate. Moreover, application of this method was demonstrated through the evaluation of the Gly distribution on plant tissues which could greatly facilitate the development of precision agriculture technology.
Recent microfluidic advancements in oxygen gradients have greatly promoted controllable oxygen-sensitive cellular investigations at microscale resolution. However, multi-gradient integration in a ...single microfluidic device for tissue-mimicking cell investigation is not yet well established. In this study, we describe a method that can generate oxygen and chemical concentration gradients in a single microfluidic device via the formation of an oxygen gradient in a chamber and a chemical concentration gradient between adjacent chambers. The oxygen gradient dynamics were systematically investigated, and were quantitatively controlled using simple exchange between the aerial oxygen and the oxygen-free conditions in the gas-permeable polydimethylsiloxane channel. Meanwhile, the chemical gradient dynamics was generated using a special channel-branched device. For potential medical applications of the established oxygen and chemical concentration gradients, a tumor cell therapy assessment was performed using two antitumor drugs (tirapazamine and bleomycin) and two tumor cell lines (human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells). The results of the proof-of-concept experiment indicate the dose-dependent antitumor effect of the drugs and hypoxia-induced cytotoxicity of tirapazamine. We demonstrate that the integration of oxygen and chemical concentration gradients in a single device can be applied to investigating oxygen- and chemical-sensitive cell events, which can also be valuable in the development of multi-gradient generating procedures and specific drug screening.
Engineering the liver in vitro is promising to provide functional replacement for patients with liver failure, or tissue models for drug metabolism and toxicity analysis. In this study, we describe a ...microfluidics-based biomimetic approach for the fabrication of an in vitro 3D liver lobule-like microtissue composed of a radially patterned hepatic cord-like network and an intrinsic hepatic sinusoid-like network. The hepatic enzyme assay showed that the 3D biomimetic microtissue maintained high basal CYP-1A1/2 and UGT activities, responded dynamically to enzyme induction/inhibition, and preserved great hepatic capacity of drug metabolism. Using the established biomimetic microtissue, the potential adverse drug reactions that induced liver injury were successfully analyzed via drug–drug interactions of clinical pharmaceuticals. The results showed that predosed pharmaceuticals which agitated CYP-1A1/2 and/or UGT activities would alter the toxic effect of the subsequently administrated drug. All the results validated the utility of the established biomimetic microtissue in toxicological studies in vitro. Also, we anticipate the microfluidics-based bioengineering strategy would benefit liver tissue engineering and liver physiology/pathophysiology studies, as well as in vitro assessment of drug-induced hepatotoxicity.
Herein we report the precise synthesis and photophysical properties of a naphthalene-containing carbon nanohoop, cyclo7paraphenylene-2,6-naphthylene (
7CPPNa
2,6
), as a sidewall segment of a 9,8 ...single-walled carbon nanotube (
9,8SWNT
) using a rationally designed strategy. To the best of our knowledge,
7CPPNa
2,6
represents the smallest chiral SWNT segment ever reported. The structure was confirmed by
1
H NMR, 2D
1
H-
1
H COSY NMR,
13
C NMR, and HR-MS spectrometry. The nanohoop's interesting photophysical properties were investigated by steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy combined with theoretical calculations. Compared with the 8CPP and 9CPP nanohoops,
7CPPNa
2,6
has a moderate strain energy (89.6 kcal mol
−1
) and a higher HOMO-LUMO gap (3.5 eV).
The smallest naphthalene-containing chiral carbon nanohoop as a sidewall segment of a 9,8 single-walled carbon nanotube is precisely synthesized and its photophysical properties are investigated.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been confirmed to play a crucial part in oncogenesis. Several studies suggested that MiR-3174 act as a tumor promoter in various Malignant neoplasm. However, the biological ...function of miR-3174 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still highly unexplored.
We screened differentially over-expressed miRNAs by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the GEO databases. The expression of miR-3174 in HCC cells and tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. The cellular behaviors of transfected cells were respectively examined by colony formation assays, EdU Assays and flow cytometry. Forkhead box O1 transcription factor (FOXO1) was predicted and confirmed as a direct target of miR-3174 by bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay.
MiR-3174 was up-regulated in HCC tissues and cells, and the expression level of it was highly associated with tumor size and Edmondson grade. Our study pioneering validates that upregulated miR-3174 promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, our study verified that miR-3174 regulate Bim, P21, cyclin D1 and c-MYC expression by directly targeting FOXO1.
The upregulated miR-3174 promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis by downregulating FOXO1 expression in HCC. MiR-3174 may be a novel candidate for targeted delivery of miRNA therapeutics for HCC patients.
•Combination of TCGA and GEO database sorts out novel miRNA candidates for HCC therapy.•MiR-3174 expression is significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues and cells.•Upregulation of miR-3174 plays a vital role in promoting proliferation in HCC cells.•FOXO1 is validated to be a tissue-specific target of miR-3174 in HCC.
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