Deep learning models, characterized by their complex network layers, have demonstrated significant utility in the recognition and classification of ethnic artworks, particularly excelling in emotion ...recognition within such works. This study delves into the convolutional neural network (CNN) model underpinned by deep learning algorithms. The architecture of the model—encompassing the convolutional layer, pooling layer, fully connected layer, and activation layer—is meticulously constructed to extract emotional features from ethnic artworks. Subsequently, an activation function is employed to visualize these features, followed by the integration of emotional knowledge to optimize the network structure. The training of the model utilizes both the loss function and optimization function to enhance performance. The efficacy of the sentiment analysis is assessed through simulation experiments and practical applications, highlighting the model’s superior capability in identifying negative emotions such as Fear and Anger, achieving accuracies that are 0.101 and 0.137 higher, respectively, than those of the benchmark model. Additionally, a detailed analysis of the emotion scores of ethnic artworks reveals intriguing findings. Notably, Jiye Li’s “Four Seasons of Essays” registers the highest positive mean emotional score of 4.1026, with an overall mean of 3.5392, indicating a predominantly positive emotional response. Across the works of nine subjects analyzed, the aggregate mean emotional score stands at 1.0123, suggesting a generally positive emotional tone. This research underscores the nuanced capability of CNNs in the domain of emotional recognition in ethnic art, offering insights into both methodological advancements and interpretive analyses.
Experiments conducted to understand how arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation or biochar application affect plant growth and heavy metal uptake have thus far looked at single applications of either ...soil amendment. There is little evidence of their synergistic effects, in particular for plants grown in cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. We conducted a mesocosm experiment to investigate the effect of AM inoculation (Glomus intraradices BEG 141) and/or wheat-straw biochar amendment on maize (Zea mays L. cv. Hongdan No. 897) growth, antioxidant enzymatic activities, and Cd uptake, as well as soil Cd speciation under applications of 0, 3, 6 mg Cd per kg soil. Applying either AM inoculant or biochar alone significantly increased maize growth and reduced Cd uptake. Furthermore, solo AM inoculation alleviating Cd stress more fully than biochar, in turn facilitating maize growth and decreasing soil Cd translocation into plant tissue. Still, solo biochar amendment was more effective at inducing soil alkalinization and contributing to Cd immobilization. Adding biochar together with AM inoculant significantly promoted fungal populations compared to a control. Amending soil with AM inoculant and biochar together produced the largest increase in maize growth and decrease in tissue Cd concentrations. This effect was additive, with 79.1% greater biomass, 51.42%, 82.91%, 43.96% higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and 50.06%, 67.19%, 58.04% and 76.19% lower Cd concentrations in roots, stems, leaves, and ears, respectively, at a 6 mg kg−1 Cd contamination rate. The combined treatment also had a synergistic effect on inducing soil alkalinization and causing Cd immobilization, and decreasing Cd phytoavailability and post-harvest transfer risks. These results suggest that AM inoculation in combination with biochar application may be applicable not only for maize production but also for phytostabilization of Cd-contaminated soil.
Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation and biochar application on maize growth, antioxidant enzyme activities, cadmium uptake, soil pH, AMF colonization and soil cadmium bioavailability under Cd-contaminated soil. Red, blue and grey arrows represent the strong, moderate and slight effects on the corresponding parameters, respectively. Display omitted
•AM inoculation or biochar alone can increase maize growth and reduce Cd uptake.•AM inoculation was more fully at alleviating Cd stress and facilitating maize growth.•Biochar was more effective at inducing soil alkalinization and Cd immobilization.•AM inoculation and biochar together had a synergistic effect on decreasing Cd phytotoxicity.
Amidst the global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis, antibiotic resistance has permeated even the most remote environments. To understand the dissemination and evolution of AMR in minimally ...impacted ecosystems, the resistome and mobilome of wetlands across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its marginal regions were scrutinized using metagenomic sequencing techniques. The composition of wetland microbiomes exhibits significant variability, with dominant phyla including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia. Notably, a substantial abundance of Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) and Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) was detected, encompassing 17 ARG types, 132 ARG subtypes, and 5 types of MGEs (Insertion Sequences, Insertions Sequences, Genomic Islands, Transposons, and Integrative Conjugative Elements). No significant variance was observed in the prevalence of resistome and mobilome across different wetland types (i.e., the Yellow River, other rivers, lakes, and marshes) (R=-0.5882, P=0.607). The co-occurrence of 74 ARG subtypes and 22 MGEs was identified, underscoring the pivotal role of MGEs in shaping ARG pools within the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau wetlands. Metagenomic binning and analysis of assembled genomes (MAGs) revealed that 93 out of 206 MAGs harbored ARGs (45.15 %). Predominantly, Burkholderiales, Pseudomonadales, and Enterobacterales were identified as the primary hosts of these ARGs, many of which represent novel species. Notably, a substantial proportion of ARG-carrying MAGs also contained MGEs, reaffirming the significance of MGEs in AMR dissemination. Furthermore, utilizing the arg_ranker framework for risk assessment unveiled severe contamination of high-risk ARGs across most plateau wetlands. Moreover, some prevalent human pathogens were identified as potential hosts for these high-risk ARGs, posing substantial transmission risks. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of resistome and mobilome in wetlands, along with evaluating the risk posed by high-risk ARGs. Such insights are crucial for informing environmental protection strategies and facilitating the management of water resources on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
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•Consistent resistome and mobilome prevalence observed in various wetlands types.•Human activities may drive pathogens emergence and ARGs distribution shifts.•High-risk ARGs pollution predominated in most Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau wetlands.
Mast cells are a major component of the immune microenvironment in tumour tissues and modulate tumour progression by releasing pro‐tumorigenic and antitumorigenic molecules. Regarding the impact of ...mast cells on the outcomes of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patient, several published studies have shown contradictory results. Here, we aimed at elucidating the role of mast cells in early‐stage LUAD. We found that high mast cell abundance was correlated with prolonged survival in early‐stage LUAD patients. The mast cell‐related gene signature and gene mutation data sets were used to stratify early‐stage LUAD patients into two molecular subtypes (subtype 1 and subtype 2). The neural network‐based framework constructed with the mast cell‐related signature showed high accuracy in predicting response to immunotherapy. Importantly, the prognostic mast cell‐related signature predicted the survival probability and the potential relationship between TP53 mutation, c‐MYC activation and mast cell activities. The meta‐analysis confirmed the prognostic value of the mast cell‐related gene signature. In summary, this study might improve our understanding of the role of mast cells in early‐stage LUAD and aid in the development of immunotherapy and personalized treatments for early‐stage LUAD patients.
Mast cell abundance and a mast cell‐related signature were correlated with survival in early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma patients. The mast cell‐related signature‐based neural network showed high accuracy in predicting response to immunotherapy.
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The photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of ZnO is restricted by its low light absorption ability and high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers. In order to overcome these ...drawbacks, ZnO/CdS/CdSe heterostructures are prepared on Zn foil substrate using facile three-step methods containing hydrothermal growth, successive ionic layer adsorption reaction (SILAR) and modified chemical bath deposition (CBD). The effects of process parameters containing the number of SILAR cycles of CdS, sensitization sequence of CdS and CdSe, and precursors of CdSe on PEC performance of ZnO/CdS/CdSe heterostructures, and ZnO NRAs on PEC performance of CdS/CdSe co-sensitizer have been scrutinized. Through CdS and CdSe co-sensitization, a layer of CdS/CdSe nanofilm is conformally deposited on ZnO nanorod arrays (NRAs) observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both the visible-light absorption ability and separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers of ZnO NRAs are significantly enhanced evidenced by UV–vis diffuse reflectance absorption spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectra and electrochemical impedance spectra. Due to the synergistic effect of ZnO NRAs and CdS/CdSe co-sensitizer, the ZnO/CdS/CdSe heterostructures with five SILAR cycles and one modified CBD cycle (ZnO-CdS5-CdSe) show efficient PEC properties with photocurrent density of 6.244 mA/cm2 at −0.2 V vs Ag/AgCl under light illumination of 100 mW/cm2, which are 57.28 and 4.73 times higher than those of pristine ZnO NRAs and CdS/CdSe clusters, respectively. Moreover, the photoconversion efficiency and incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of the ZnO-CdS5-CdSe photoanode reach 4.381% and 80.92%, respectively. The heterostructures based on Zn foil substrate in this study can be a promising candidate for practical PEC application and other applications such as photocatalytic degradation and solar cell due to its low manufacturing cost, large-scale production and efficient PEC ability.
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in female patients worldwide. Because of its heterogeneity in terms of prognosis and therapeutic response, biomarkers with the potential to predict ...survival or assist in making treatment decisions in breast cancer patients are essential for an individualised therapy. Epigenetic alterations in the genome of the cancer cells, such as changes in DNA methylation pattern, could be a novel marker with an important role in the initiation and progression of breast cancer.
DNA methylation and RNA-seq datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analysed using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox model. Applying gene ontology (GO) and single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) an epigenetic signature associated with the survival of breast cancer patients was constructed that yields the best discrimination between tumour and normal breast tissue. A predictive nomogram was built for the optimal strategy to distinguish between high- and low-risk cases.
The combination of mRNA-expression and of DNA methylation datasets yielded a 13-gene epigenetic signature that identified subset of breast cancer patients with low overall survival. This high-risk group of tumor cases was marked by upregulation of known cancer-related pathways (e.g. mTOR signalling). Subgroup analysis indicated that this epigenetic signature could distinguish high and low-risk patients also in different molecular or histological tumour subtypes (by Her2-, EGFR- or ER expression or different tumour grades). Using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) the 13-gene signature was confirmed in four external breast cancer cohorts.
An epigenetic signature was discovered that effectively stratifies breast cancer patients into low and high-risk groups. Since its efficiency appears independent of other known classifiers (such as staging, histology, metastasis status, receptor status), it has a high potential to further improve likely individualised therapy in breast cancer.
To explore an appropriate time interval between oocyte retrieval and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for optimal embryological and clinical outcomes in ICSI cycles over 40 years of maternal ...age. A retrospective analysis of 1476 ICSI fresh cycles from women aged over 40 years, was performed at the Reproduction Medicine Research Center of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, between December 2013 and August 2020. The fertilization rate and clinical pregnancy rate were the main outcomes. Multivariate linear regression and logistic regression analysis of factors showed that fertilization rate (P = 0.024) and clinical pregnancy rate (P = 0.011) were significantly associated with oocyte pick up (OPU)-ICSI interval. A longer OPU-ICSI interval (no more than 6 h) was associated with a higher fertilization rate but significantly decreased the clinical pregnancy rate when the OPU-ICSI interval was over 4 h (P < 0.05). The optimal OPU-ICSI interval is between 3 and 4 h for excellent embryological and clinical outcomes in ICSI cycles over 40 years of maternal age.
•Polygonatum kingianum polysaccharides improved glucose and lipid metabolism.•P.kingianum polysaccharides modulated the gut microbiota.•P.kingianum polysaccharides increased the SCFA and producing ...bacteria.•P.kingianum reduced intestinal permeability, gastrointestinal inflammation.
Polygonatum kingianum is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to treat diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Polysaccharides from Polygonatum kingianum could regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD) rats.
The gel permeation chromatography (GPC), liquid chromatography (HPLC) and chemical analysis were used to determine the molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, protein, polysaccharide and uronic acid content of the polysaccharide from Polygonatum kingianum, respectively. Total (PS) and high molecular weight (PSF) polysaccharides (> 100 KDa) were isolated and treated HFD rats for a 14-week period. TC, TG contents in blood samples were measured every two weeks, and HDL-C, LDL-C was measured at 12 and 14 weeks evaluating of blood lipids regulation activity of polysaccharide. The stool samples were used for 16S rDNA V4 highly variable region measurement method to regulate the role of polysaccharide in the intestinal microflora. The content of short chain fatty acid (SCFAs) in faeces was determined by gas chromatography (GC) to investigate the effect of polysaccharides on the content of SCFAs in the intestinal tract of rats. The expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 and occludin of intestinal tissue, and detection of the key protein expression in the LPS-TLR4/NFκB signaling pathway were detected by Western blot technique.
We found that PS and PSF improved both diabetic symptoms and lipid metabolism. PS and PSF also modulated the gut microbiota composition, abundance and diversity of HFD rats, increased the relative abundance of short chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing bacteria and increased SCFA production, reduced intestinal permeability, relieved gastrointestinal inflammation, and improved lipid metabolism.
Polygonatum kingianum polysaccharides regulated the abundance and diversity of the intestinal microbial community through increasing the relative abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria. This promotes recovery of the intestinal permeability barrier, inhibits LPS entry into the circulation, alleviates inflammation, and prevents glucose and lipid metabolic disorders.
To sustain the further world population, more fertilizers are required, which may become an environmental hazard, unless adequate technical and socioeconomic impacts are addressed. In the current ...study, slow-release formulations of nitrogen fertilizer were developed on the basis of natural attapulgite (APT) clay, ethylcellulose (EC) film, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose/hydroxyethylcellulose (CMC/HEC) hydrogel. The structural and chemical characteristics of the product were examined. The release profiles of urea, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium chloride as nitrogen fertilizer substrates were determined in soil. To further compare the release profiles of nitrogen from different fertilizer substrates, a mathematical model for nutrient release from the coated fertilizer was applied to calculate the diffusion coefficient D. The influence of the product on water-holding and water-retention capacities of soil was determined. The experimental data indicated that the product can effectively reduce nutrient loss, improve use efficiency of water, and prolong irrigation cycles in drought-prone environments.
Perennial tree soil inhibits the growth of replanting apples, but the mechanism that underlies this inhibition is poorly understood. A total of 57 perennial tree soils were selected for the ...collection of soil samples in the Bohai Bay in May 2018. The severity of apple replant disease (ARD) for each soil was determined by calculating the rate of inhibition of growth replanted apple trees. A high-throughput sequencing analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was used to determine the soil fungal community. A correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the rate of inhibition of apple growth and soil factors. The degree of inhibition of plant growth varied substantially among the 57 soil samples examined. Different perennial tree soils have varying degrees of ARD. There was no significant difference in the composition of fungal community at the phylum level, but the genus level differed substantially. The abundances of Fusarium and Mortierella species and the contents of phloridin in the soil and soil organic matter (SOM) were significantly correlated with ARD severity. Structural equation modeling also emphasized that the degree of occurrence of ARD was directly or indirectly affected by Fusarium, Mortierella, phloridin and SOM. A correlation analysis can only be used as an indicator, and further research is merited to reveal how soil parameters affect ARD.
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•The degree of apple replant disease varied in different orchards.•The Mortierella and soil organic matter were significantly negatively correlated with apple replant disease.•The Fusarium and phloridzin in the soil significantly positively correlated with apple replant disease.•There were no correlation between HN, AP, AK, pH and apple replant disease.
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