In this paper, we construct a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1DCNN), which directly takes as the input the vibration signal in the mechanical operation process. It can realize ...intelligent mechanical fault diagnosis and ensure the authenticity of signal samples. Moreover, due to the excellent interpretability of the 1DCNN, we can explain the feature extraction mechanism of convolution and the synergistic work ability of the convolution kernel by analyzing convolution kernels and their output results in the time-domain, frequency-domain. What's more, we propose a novel network parameter-optimization method by matching the features of the convolution kernel with those of the original signal. A large number of experiments proved that, this optimization method improve the diagnostic accuracy and the operational efficiency greatly.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor clinical outcomes. Accumulating evidence indicated that dysregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) plays a key role in multiple ...solid tumors. In this study, circ-RAD23B was explored. The expression of circ-RAD23B in NSCLC was detected by RT-qPCR. The clinical value of circ-RAD23B was analyzed by Fisher's exact test and Kaplan-Meier curves. Gain and loss of function experiments were carried out to elucidate the biological functions of circ-RAD23B in NSCLC cell lines. Dual luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments were used to reveal the mechanism of circ-RAD23B. The findings demonstrated that circ-RAD23B, identified to be amplified and overexpressed in NSCLC, was associated with lymph node invasion, lower differentiation grade and shorter overall survival (OS). Furthermore, circ-RAD23B functions as an oncogene in NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, circ-RAD23B could sponge miR-593–3p and miR-653–5p and thus elevate CCND2 and TIAM1 expression, respectively. Rescue assays proved that circ-RAD23B promotes cell growth via miR-593–3p/CCND2 axis and facilitates cell invasion by miR-653–5p/TIAM1 pathway. Taken together, we propose circ-RAD23B as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC.
•Circ-RAD23B is upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells.•Circ-RAD23B expression is associated with NSCLC patients' clinical severity.•Circ-RAD23B exerts oncogenic properties in NSCLC cells.•Circ-RAD23B could sponge miR-593–3p and miR-653–5p and thus elevate CCND2 and TIAM1 expression, respectively.•Circ-RAD23B promotes cell growth via miR-593–3p/CCND2 axis and facilitates cell invasion by miR-653–5p/TIAM1 pathway.
Perovskite quantum dots (PVQDs) have been demonstrated to be favorable materials for opto-electronic devices regardless of the generally required complicated preparation processes including solvent ...exchanges. Here, we report a novel convenient and efficient approach to produce CsSnI3 PVQDs through one-pot synthesis. Specifically, the produced PVQD solutions were clear and stable at room temperature after 90 days due to the antioxidant solvent additive (ASA) triphenyl phosphite (TPPi). Interestingly, the corresponding CsSnI3 PVQD-based solar cells achieved the maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.03%, which is the highest performance for all-inorganic lead-free perovskite solar cells reported so far.
Silicene, a silicon analogue of graphene, has attracted increasing attention during the past few years. As early as in 1994, the possibility of stage corrugation in the Si analogs of graphite had ...already been theoretically explored. But there were very few studies on silicene until 2009, when silicene with a low buckled structure was confirmed to be dynamically stable by ab initio calculations. In spite of the low buckled geometry, silicene shares most of the outstanding electronic properties of planar graphene (e.g., the "Dirac cone", high Fermi velocity and carrier mobility). Compared with graphene, silicene has several prominent advantages: (1) a much stronger spin-orbit coupling, which may lead to a realization of quantum spin Hall effect in the experimentally accessible temperature, (2) a better tunability of the band gap, which is necessary for an effective field effect transistor (FET) operating at room temperature, (3) an easier valley polarization and more suitability for valleytronics study. From 2012, monolayer silicene sheets of different superstructures were successfully synthesized on various substrates, including Ag(111), Ir(111), ZrB2(0001), ZrC(111) and MoS2 surfaces. Multilayer silicene sheets have also been grown on Ag(111) surface. The experimental successes have stimulated many efforts to explore the intrinsic properties as well as potential device applications of silicene, including quantum spin Hall effect, quantum anomalous Hall effect, quantum valley Hall effect, superconductivity, band engineering, magnetism, thermoelectric effect, gas sensor, tunneling FET, spin filter, and spin FET, etc. Recently, a silicene FET has been fabricated, which shows the expected ambipolar Dirac charge transport and paves the way towards silicene-based nanoelectronics. This comprehensive review covers all the important theoretical and experimental advances on silicene to date, from the basic theory of intrinsic properties, experimental synthesis and characterization, modulation of physical properties by modifications, and finally to device explorations.
Identifying an atom's local crystal structure is one crucial step in many atomistic simulation analyses. However, many traditional methods are available to only a few limited types of structures, and ...their performance often relies on manually determined parameters, which may lead to poor classification results in complex material systems. Machine learning models can enhance accuracy and generalizability, but they typically require large amounts of data and computation. This issue could be more severe for deep-learning-based frameworks, especially when confronted with unfamiliar crystal structures. To address this challenge, we propose a lightweight and extendable stacked structure (LESS) classifier, which adopts bond orientational order parameters as features and assembles several efficient machine learning methods as based models. The LESS classifier can recognize a variety of crystal structures, e.g., amorphous, mono, and binary structures, with over 98.8% accuracy on our validation data set, outperforming many current methods even including some deep-learning methods. Our model can also conduct probabilistic classification that aids in the interpretation of atomic structures in complicated environments such as heterogeneous interfaces. Furthermore, when exposed to a completely unknown crystal structure, the LESS framework can efficiently incorporate this new knowledge with generative sampled data from the current model. Overall, our model exhibits great potential as an accurate and flexible atomic structure identification tool featuring high efficiency in both learning and retraining.
•On average, mulching practice reduced runoff by 47.4% and soil loss by 76.2%.•Organic mulch was more effective for controlling runoff and soil erosion.•A mulch coverage of 60% was recommended for ...soil erosion control.•Mulching performed better in post-fire forests on medium-textured soils.•Mulching was less effective under heavy rainfall and steep slopes.
Mulching is widely recognized as an effective soil and water conservation measure all over the world. Nevertheless, a comprehensive evaluation of mulching's effectiveness in controlling soil erosion and the influencing factors is still lacking. A global meta-analysis based on 421 runoff and 512 soil loss observations from 90 publications was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mulching in reducing runoff and soil loss across a variety of variables (i.e. mulch type, mulch coverage and application rates, rainfall intensity, land use, soil texture, slope gradient, and slope length). Our meta-analysis shows that overall, mulching significantly reduced runoff and soil loss by 47.4% and 76.2%, respectively. Straw mulch and wood-based mulch are generally more effective in reducing runoff and soil loss than rock fragments, highlighting the effectiveness of organic materials in controlling water erosion. In general, increasing mulch coverage and application rates resulted in a significant reduction in runoff and soil loss. It is recommended, however, that mulch coverage should be at least 60% based on the trade-off between economic costs and ecological benefits, which can reduce runoff and soil loss by approximately 50% and 80%, respectively. An application rate of 0.3–0.4 kg m−2 for straw and 0.6–0.8 kg m−2 for wood-based mulch should be sufficient to effectively control soil erosion. The study also found that mulching is more effective in post-fire forests on medium-textured soils and less effective on steep slopes (>60%) and under both natural and simulated extremely heavy rainfall conditions (>90 mm/h). Overall, this study provides further insights into the impact of mulching on water erosion globally and proposes an overall framework for a precision mulching strategy (P-M-S) to guide the implementation of mulching in soil erosion control.
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is extensively utilized in herbal medicine in China. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling can be activated by RA and inhibited by the synthetic, reversible ...AMP-competitive inhibitor, Compound C (CC). The objective of this study was to investigate the role of AMPK signaling involving the protective effects of RA on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in mice. BALB/c mice were treated with RA, with or without CC, followed by the pretreatment with Con A. Analysis of serum aminotransferases and cytokines were conducted and liver tissue histology was performed to evaluate hepatic injury. Cytokine levels in serum and hepatic tissue were respectively measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and used quantitative (q)PCR. Levels of phosphorylated acetyl CoA carboxylase in the liver, representing AMPK activation, were detected by Western blotting. Compared with the Con A group, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in RA group (100 and 150 mg/kg/d) were significantly reduced. RA also reduced hepatocyte swelling, cell death, and infiltration of leukocytes in the liver of Con A-treated mice. Serum levels of cytokines, such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), were reduced by RA pretreatment, while the levels of serum interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was elevated. These protective effects were reversed by treatment with CC. RA treatment reduced the hepatic damage via the activation of AMPK in the mice of Con A-induced. So RA acts as a potential part in the therapy of autoimmune hepatitis.
Compared with the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the double‐stator permanent magnet synchronous motor (DS‐PMSM) can utilise the internal space adequately and has high power ...density. In this study, the design method of this kind of motor will be researched. Different rotor magnetic circuit topologies are analysed while keeping the outer diameter of outer stator unchanged, and the rotor magnetic circuit topologies with higher power density are selected. Furthermore, the effects of pole‐arc coefficient and stator split ratio on the power density of the motor are analysed, so a high power density DS‐PMSM can be designed. On this basis, a kind of magnetic pole structure with unequal pole‐arc coefficient is proposed to solve the problem of large torque ripple in DS‐PMSM. Finally, the DS‐PMSM is investigated by the FEA, compared with the traditional single stator PMSM, the average torque of the DS‐PMSM is increased by 62.2%, and the torque ripple is only 3.2%.
The design method of dual‐stator permanent magnet motor will be researched. Effects of different rotor magnetic circuit topologies and stator spilt ratio on the motor power density are analysed. On this basis, a kind of magnetic pole structure with unequal pole‐arc coefficient is proposed to solve the problem of large torque ripple in DS‐PMSM.
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