The article first discusses the categorization and difficulty of learning resources and proposes a method to quantify the difficulty of teaching resources. Then, the article recommends appropriate ...learning resources through similarity matching and student knowledge level diagnosis. This includes analyzing students’ test answers and modeling students’ knowledge level based on this. Data analysis and model building were employed to propose four key indicators: knowledge point density, knowledge point depth, evaluation index and correctness rate. In addition, cosine distance was employed to measure the similarity between resources and Hidden Markov Models were used to predict students’ knowledge point mastery. Four key indicators were effectively applied to construct a vector of resource difficulty indicators in quantifying learning resource difficulty. A vector representation of students’ knowledge mastery was successfully built in diagnosing students’ knowledge level. In addition, the article discusses the construction of a personalized learner preference model and a personalized English teaching model based on collaborative filtering algorithms. The effect of college English teaching can be effectively improved through the detailed Analysis of learning resources and the application of personalized recommendation model.
Shutting down glucose supply by glucose oxidase (GOx) to starve tumors has been considered to be an attractive strategy in cancerous starvation therapy. Nevertheless, the in vivo applications of ...GOx-based starvation therapy are severely restricted by the poor GOx delivery efficiency and the self-limiting therapeutic effect. Herein, a biomimetic nanoreactor has been fabricated for starvation-activated cancer therapy by encapsulating GOx and prodrug tirapazamine (TPZ) in an erythrocyte membrane cloaked metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoparticle (TGZ@eM). The fabricated TGZ@eM nanoreactor can assist the delivery of GOx to tumor cells and then exhaust endogenous glucose and O2 to starve tumors efficiently. Importantly, the resulting tumor hypoxia by GOx-based starvation therapy further initiates the activation of TPZ, which is released from the nanoreactor in the acid lyso/endosome environment, for enhanced colon cancer therapy. More importantly, by integrating the biomimetic surface modification, the immunity-escaping and prolonged blood circulation characteristics endow our nanoreactor dramatically improved cancer targeting ability. The in vitro and in vivo outcomes indicate our biomimetic nanoreactor exhibits a strong synergistic cascade effect for colon cancer therapy in an accurate and facile manner.
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been used for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancers by integrating photosensitizers, which cause cytotoxic effects on cancer cells by converting tumor oxygen into ...reactive singlet oxygen (1O2). However, the PDT efficiency of MOFs is severely limited by tumor hypoxia. Herein, by decorating platinum nanozymes on photosensitizer integrated MOFs, we report a simple yet versatile strategy for enhanced PDT. The platinum nanoparticles homogeneously immobilized on MOFs possess high stability and catalase-like activity. Thus, our nanoplatform can facilitate the formation of 1O2 in hypoxic tumor site via H2O2-activated evolvement of O2, which can cause more serious damage to cancer cells. Our finding highlights that the composites of nanozymes and MOFs have the potential to serve as efficient agents for cancer therapy, which will open an avenue of nanozymes and MOFs toward biological applications.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced apoptosis is a promising treatment strategy for malignant neoplasms. However, current systems are highly dependent on oxygen status and/or external stimuli to ...generate ROS, which greatly limit their therapeutic efficacy particularly in hypoxic tumors. Herein, we develop a biomimetic nanoflower based on self-assembly of nanozymes that can catalyze a cascade of intracellular biochemical reactions to produce ROS in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions without any external stimuli. In our formulation, PtCo nanoparticles are firstly synthesized and used to direct the growth of MnO
. By adjusting the ratio of reactants, highly-ordered MnO
@PtCo nanoflowers with excellent catalytic efficiency are obtained, where PtCo behaves as oxidase mimic and MnO
functions as catalase mimic. In this way, the well-defined MnO
@PtCo nanoflowers not only can relieve hypoxic condition but also induce cell apoptosis significantly through ROS-mediated mechanism, thereby resulting in remarkable and specific inhibition of tumor growth.
The reasonable construction and application of business management data processing system not only improve the efficiency of business management and operation, but also improve the level of business ...information, it also provides abundant and high-quality data resources for standardizing the practice of enterprise management. Therefore, in the "Internet +" mature development environment, we should adhere to the computer information management model as the basis to actively explore the enterprise business management data processing system construction strategy. Based on the analysis of the construction background of business management data processing system, the construction strategy of Business Management Data Processing System under the computer information management model is put forward.
Industrial symbiosis (IS) can generate economic, social, and environmental benefits, and support sustainable development; thus, many governments and scholars are devoted to exploring it. To analyze ...and evaluate the current status and development trends of industrial symbiosis, this study selects “industrial symbiosis” as a research title to search the Web of Science (core collection) database, and uses the bibliometrics and social network analysis (SNA) methods. The results turn out that an increasing amount of research has been devoted to industrial symbiosis in recent years. They also show that the study of industrial symbiosis has obvious cross-disciplinary characteristics. Current research on industrial symbiosis mainly focuses on four issues: evolution and development, operation carriers, driving mechanisms, and efficiency evaluation of industrial systems. The research of the industrial symbiosis network will greatly promote the industrial green development for the industrial transformation and upgrading of various countries. Many methods are used to examine these four questions, including case studies, life cycle assessment (LCA), material flow analysis (MFA), data envelopment analysis (DEA), multi-criteria decision making (MCDM), emergy analysis, and SNA. This article provides the trends of industrial symbiosis research for further study. The data mining can be used in the industrial symbiosis network and a dynamic simulation industry symbiotic evolutionary process model can be discussed in the future.
Diarrheal diseases caused by intestinal protozoan parasites are a major food-borne public health problem across the world. Vegetables and fruits provide important nutrients and minerals, but are also ...common sources of some food-borne human pathogenic microorganisms. The contamination of raw vegetables and fruits with human pathogenic parasites are now a global public health threat, despite the health benefits of these foods in non-pharmacological prophylaxes against diseases. A large number of reports have documented the contamination of vegetables or fruits with human pathogenic microorganisms. In this paper, we reviewed the contamination and detection methods of human pathogenic intestinal protozoans that are frequently recovered from raw vegetables and fruits. The protozoan parasites include Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Entamoeba spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Balantioides coli, Blastocystis sp., Cystoisospora belli and Enterocytozoon bieneusi. The risk factors involved in the contamination of vegetables and fruits with parasites are also assessed.
Graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) has been used as photosensitizer to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, its therapeutic efficiency was far from ...satisfactory. One of the major obstacles was the overexpression of glutathione (GSH) in cancer cells, which could diminish the amount of generated ROS before their arrival at the target site. Herein, we report that the integration of Cu2+ and g‐C3N4 nanosheets (Cu2+–g‐C3N4) led to enhanced light‐triggered ROS generation as well as the depletion of intracellular GSH levels. Consequently, the ROS generated under light irradiation could be consumed less by reduced GSH, and efficiency was improved. Importantly, redox‐active species Cu+–g‐C3N4 could catalyze the reduction of molecular oxygen to the superoxide anion or hydrogen peroxide to the hydroxyl radical, both of which facilitated the generation of ROS. This synergy of improved ROS generation and GSH depletion could enhance the efficiency of PDT for cancer therapy.
Looks like a job for a copper: The integration of Cu2+ with graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) nanosheets greatly improved the efficiency of these photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. The observed improvement in cytotoxicity was due to the enhanced light‐triggered generation of reactive oxygen species in combination with the depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels (see picture).
As common reactive oxygen species, H2O2 is widely used for bacterial inactivation and wound disinfection. However, the concentrations used are always higher than physiological levels, which ...frequently result in potential toxicity to healthy tissue and even delay wound healing. Here we report highly efficient nanozyme hybrids that are capable of activating biologically relevant concentrations of H2O2 for defending bacterial infections. The integration of AuNPs with ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) provides excellent peroxidase-activity, which can catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 to OH radicals much more efficiently, allowing the use of bio-safety levels of H2O2 for the first time. Furthermore, our system not only exhibits striking bactericidal performance against both DR Gram-negative and DR Gram-positive bacteria, but also shows high efficiency in breaking down the existing DR-biofilms and prevented formation of new biofilms in vitro. More importantly, in vivo experiments indicate that our system could significantly prevent bacterial infections and accelerate the healing rate of wounds.
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