Previous studies demonstrated that Nav1.5 splice variants, including Nav1.5a and Nav1.5c, were expressed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. However, since nine Nav1.5 isoforms have been ...identified, whether other Nav1.5 splice variants, especially the neonatal Nav1.5 splice variant, express in the DRG neurons is still unknown. In this study, we systematically investigated the expression of adult and neonatal Nav1.5 isoforms in the DRG neurons and axon of peripheral sensory neurons of rats with spared nerve injury (SNI) by RT-PCR, DNA sequencing, restriction enzyme digestion, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence methods. The results demonstrated that both adult and neonatal Nav1.5 isoforms were expressed in the DRG neurons, but their expression ratio was ~2.5:1. In SNI rat models, the expression of both adult and neonatal Nav1.5 decreased by approximately a half in both mRNA and protein levels. In contrast, the expression of protein kinase C (PKC)-gamma, one of the negative modulators for sodium currents, increased by ~1-fold. Taken together, this study first confirmed the expression of both adult and neonatal Nav1.5 isoforms in the DRG neurons and axon of peripheral sensory neurons of rat, but their expression level decreased in pain models. The upregulation of PKC-gamma may directly or indirectly downregulate the expression of Nav1.5 isoforms in SNI rat models, which may further involve in the pathological process of neuropathic pain. Key words: sodium channel, Nav1.5, dorsal root ganglia neurons, pain model, Rat
To examine the differences between pregnant women who underwent embryo transfer (ET) and those who conceived naturally, as well as differences in their respective babies, and to determine the causes ...for these differences, to provide recommendations for women who are planning to undergo ET.
A retrospective cohort study was performed of women who had received ET and those who had natural conception (NC) who received medical services during pregnancy and had their babies delivered at the Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, China between January 2016 and December 2018. In line with the requirements of the ethics committee, before the formal investigation, we first explained the content of the informed consent of the patient to the patient, and all the subjects included agreed to the content of the informed consent of the patient. Respondents agreed to visit and analyze their medical records under reasonable conditions. Each case in an ET group of 321 women was randomly matched with three cases of NC (963 cases) who delivered on the same day. The demographic information, past history, pregnancy and delivery history, and maternal and neonatal outcomes of the two groups were compared using univariate analysis.
Age, duration of hospitalization, number of pregnancies, number of miscarriages, induced abortion, ectopic pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, gestational anemia, pregnancy risk, mode of fetal delivery, and number of births were significantly different between the two groups (all P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the disease, allergy, infection and blood transfusion histories of the pregnant women, or differences in prevalence of gestational hypothyroidism, gestational respiratory infection, premature rupture of membrane, placental abruption, fetal death, stillbirth, amniotic fluid volume and amniotic fluid clarity between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The percentages for low birth weight and premature birth were significantly higher in the ET group than in the NC group. In contrast, infant gender and prevalence of fetal macrosomia, fetal anomaly, neonatal asphyxia, and extremely low birth weight were not significantly different between the two groups (all P > 0.05).
The clinical outcomes of mothers and the birth status of infants were better in the NC group than in the ET group. Maternal health must be closely monitored and improved in the ET group to reduce the incidence of gestational comorbidity and enhance the quality of fetal life.
Background
The usefulness of endoscopy narrow‐band imaging (NBI) in differentiating colorectal lesions has been demonstrated. However, the learning curve associated with this technique is a concern ...for endoscopists.
Methods
Prior to carrying out these colonoscopies, four endoscopists attended a training course designed to teach the principles of NBI and application of the Sano Capillary Pattern (CP) classification criteria. Following a pre‐test, endoscopists used NBI with magnification and CP analysis for real‐time colonoscopy exams to predict lesion histology. Three sets of 15 lesions were imaged. These three sets included both lesions requiring endoscopic treatment (e.g. target lesions) and lesions that were not, or could not be, treated by endoscopy (e.g. non‐target lesions). The diagnostic accuracy of each endoscopist for each set of lesions was evaluated to assess the learning curve associated with the application of NBI.
Results
Overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for differentiating neoplastic and non‐neoplastic lesions were 95.4%, 98.0%, and 92.0%, respectively. For target lesions versus non‐target lesions, the diagnostic accuracy associated with the second set of lesions was better than that achieved with the first set of lesions (78.3% vs 96.7% (P = 0.02) and 70.0% vs 96.7% (
P < 0.01), respectively in each case). In contrast, the difference in diagnostic accuracy between the second and third sets of lesions was not significant.
Conclusion
NBI with magnification is a useful tool for the diagnosis of colorectal lesions. Moreover, following a short training program and with minimal clinic practice, less experienced endoscopists were able to become competent in the method.
Being overweight or obese is becoming increasingly common in low- and middle-income countries. The present study aimed to examine association of eight genetic variants with obesity and to estimate ...the cumulative effects of these variants in Chinese children.
We conducted the case-control study in a total of 2,030 subjects. Genotyping of seven novel variants was performed with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, while rs9939609 was genotyped with tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system analysis.
The association of two fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs9939609 and rs62048402) with body mass index (BMI) or obesity reached nominal significance at P < 0.05. We found a cumulative effect of five SNPs on the risk of overweight and obesity (odds ratio (OR) = 1.197, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.068-1.342, P = 0.002). Subjects carrying 9 or more effect alleles had a 127% increased risk of overweight and obesity (OR = 2.270, 95% CI = 1.403-3.671, P = 0.001) compared with subjects who carry 6 or fewer effect alleles.
We confirmed two FTO SNPs (rs62048402 and rs9939609) had nominal significant effects on BMI or obesity. We identified the cumulative effect of five SNPs on risk of overweight and obesity. The results provided evidence for identifying genetic factors related to childhood obesity.
The experiment focused on the study aimed to investigate the effects of adding alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln) to the feed on the growth, serum biochemical parameters, and the mRNA expression levels of ...stress-related genes in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) under dual stress conditions of density and flow rate. The fish were divided into three groups: control group, dual stress group and dual stress with 0.9 % Ala-Gln addition group, and underwent a 60 day aquaculture experiment. The data showed that final weight, average weight gain rate, specific growth rate and feed efficiency of largemouth bass significantly decreased under dual stress (P < 0.05). At the same time, the levels of glucose and malondialdehyde (MAD), the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) in serum increased significantly under dual stress, while the total antioxidant capacity and serum lysozyme activity decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Moreover, the mRNA expression of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-I), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), nuclear transcription factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Caspase 3, Caspase 8 and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl2) genes all decreased significantly, the mRNA expression of HSP 70, HSP 90, interleukin-10 (IL-10), I-kappa-B-alpha (IkBα), kelch-1ike ECH- associated protein 1 (Keap1) and bcl2-associated X (Bax) genes all increased significantly (P < 0.05). However, the growth performance, serum biochemical indexes and mRNA expression of most genes in largemouth bass showed a correction trend after Ala-Gln addition, but still did not reach the level of control group. These results showed that dual stress of density and flow rate reduced growth and serum biochemical parameters in largemouth bass and increased the adverse expression of stress-related genes, while exogenous addition of Ala-Glu could somewhat ameliorate the negative effects of dual stress on largemouth bass.
•The dual stress of flow rate and breeding density can reduce the growth performance of largemouth bass and cause stress.•Ala-Glu alleviated the negative effects of dual stress on largemouth bass to a certain extent, with an optimal dose of 0.9%.•Ala-Glu can improve the growth and serum indicators of largemouth bass under dual stress reduction.•Ala-Glu can reduce stress-related gene expression of largemouth bass under dual stress reduction.
Abstract
We investigate the evolution of superconductivity and structure with pressure for the new superconductor FeS (
T
c
≈ 4.5 K), a sulfide counterpart of FeSe. A rapid suppression of
T
c
and ...vanishing of superconductivity at 4.0 GPa are observed, followed by a second superconducting dome from 5.0 to 22.3 GPa with a 30% enhancement in maximum
T
c
. An onsite tetragonal to hexagonal phase transition occurs around 7.0 GPa, followed by a broad pressure range of phase coexistence. The residual deformed tetragonal phase is considered as the source of second superconducting dome. The observation of two superconducting domes in iron-based superconductors poses great challenges for understanding their pairing mechanism.
With an aim to obtain a new supramolecular compound based on Keggin-type polyoxometalates with mixed-ligand: Cu(I)(phen)22{Cu(II)2(phen)4PTA}H3PMoV4MoVI8O40 (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, ...PTA = terephthalic acid) has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and structurally characterized by elemental analyses, IR, X-ray single crystal diffraction, TG analyses and XPS. In the title compound, the Keggin-type phosphomolybates anions, butterfly-shaped Cu(I)(phen)2+ subunits and dumbbell-shaped {Cu(II)2(phen)4PTA}2+ subunits are alternately connected to form chiral helical chains via hydrogen bonds along b axis, and the adjacent chiral helical chains are connected in the way of sharing butterfly-shaped Cu(I)(phen)2+ subunits and dumbbell-shaped {Cu(II)2(phen)4PTA}2+ subunits to form 3D supramolecular reticular framework. As expected, the title compound with mixed-ligands (phen and PTA) has been successfully synthesized, inconceivably, the title compound also contains mixed-valence Cu (Cu(I) in butterfly-shaped Cu(I)(phen)2+ subunits; Cu(II) in dumbbell-shaped {Cu(II)2(phen)4PTA}2+ subunits). The preliminary analyses show that mixed-valence Cu(I/II) may be due to the reduction of Cu(II) (from CuCl2) to Cu(I) (in butterfly-shaped Cu(I)(phen)2+ subunits) by N-containing compound. The successful results of this work provide a new idea that supramolecular materials with attractive structures and novel properties, which could be designed and synthesized by introducing of mixed-ligands into the supramolecular materials. Additionally, the electrocatalytic property of the title compound to H2O2 has been studied.
Display omitted
•Compound based on Keggin POMs with mixed-ligand and Cu(I/II) was prepared.•The compound contains the right- and left-hand helical chains.•The compound exhibits good electrocatalytic activity towards H2O2 reduction
As a great challenge of network virtualization, virtual network embedding/mapping is increasingly important. It aims to successfully and efficiently assign the nodes and links of a virtual network ...（VN） onto a shared substrate network. The problem has been proved to be NP-hard and some heuristic algorithms have been proposed. However, most of the algorithms use only the local information of a node, such as CPU capacity and bandwidth, to determine how to map a VN, without considering the top- ological attributes which may pose significant impact on the performance of the embedding. In this paper, a new embedding algorithm is proposed based on real-time topological attributes. The concept ofbetweenness centrality in graph theory is borrowed to sort the nodes of VNs, and the nodes of the substrate network are sorted according to the correlation properties between the former selected and unselected nodes. In this way, node mapping and link mapping can be well coupled. A simulator is built to evaluate the performance of the proposed virtual network embedding （VNE） algorithm. The results show that the new algorithm significantly increases the revenue/cost （R/C） ratio and acceptance ratio as well as reduces the runtime.
The discovery of highly active 2,6-bis（imino）pyridyl iron and cobalt complexes provided a milestone of latetransition metal catalysts for ethylene oligomerization and polymerization with being ...currently investigated for the scale-up process. The crucial problems are remaining in the catalytic systems： the catalytic systems targeting ethylene polymerization produce more oligomers at elevated reaction temperatures, however, there is a recognizable amount of high-molecularweight polyethylene remained in the modified catalytic system for the oligomerization process. Beyond the modification of bis（imino）pyridyl metal complexes, several alternative proeatalysts＇ models have been developed in our group. This review highlighted the achievements in exploring new iron and cobalt complexes with tridentate NNN ligands as procatalysts for ethylene oligomerization and polymerization.
The photo‐responsive adsorption has emerged as a vibrant area, but its current methodology is limited by the well‐defined photochromic units and their molecular deformation driven by photo‐stimuli. ...Herein, a methodology of nondeforming photo‐responsiveness is successfully exploited. With the exploiting agent of Cu‐TCPP framework assembled on the graphite and strongly interacted with it, the sorbent generates two kinds of adsorption sites, over which the electron density distribution of the graphite layer can be modulated at the c‐axis direction, which can further evolve due to photo‐stimulated excited states. The excited states are stable enough to meet the timescale of microscopic adsorption equilibrium. Independent of the ultra‐low specific surface area of the sorbent (20 m2 g−1), the CO adsorption capability can be improved from 0.50 mmol g−1 at the ground state to 1.24 mmol g−1 (0 °C, 1 bar) with the visible light radiation, rather than the photothermal desorption.
Different from the current methodology depending on the mechanical deformation of photochromic units, the nondeforming photo‐responsiveness of the sorbent is exploited in this study, via the change of electron density distribution at stable excited states. The CO adsorption capability can be dramatically photo‐gained over the sorbent with an ultra‐low specific surface area.
PDF
