After multiple discrete introductions of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus into Sri Lanka, the virus was transmitted among humans, then swine. The spread of virus between geographically distant swine ...farms is consistent with virus dispersal associated with a vehicle used for swine transportation, although this remains unproven.
Swine influenza in Sri Lanka Perera, Harsha K K; Wickramasinghe, Geethani; Cheung, Chung L ...
Emerging infectious diseases,
03/2013, Letnik:
19, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
To study influenza viruses in pigs in Sri Lanka, we examined samples from pigs at slaughterhouses. Influenza (H3N2) and A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses were prevalent during 2004-2005 and 2009-2012, ...respectively. Genetic and epidemiologic analyses of human and swine influenza viruses indicated 2 events of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus spillover from humans to pigs.
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare primary immunodeficiency of the phagocytic cells, which results in absent or diminished levels of microbicidal reactive oxygen species. The disease ...occurs due to germline mutations in the genes encoding the five subunits of NADPH oxidase complex. The present study is a pilot study to understand the clinical and genetic aspects of CGD in Sri Lanka.
Clinical records of thirteen CGD patients were analysed and compared with similar studies performed in different countries and regions to identify patterns in demographics, clinical manifestations and infectious agents. Genomic DNA and cDNA were analysed in eight patients to identify mutations in
and
genes, thereby to ascertain the potential X-linked and autosomal recessive (AR) CGD patients.
The onset of symptoms in the patient cohort was very early (mean 4.6 months) compared to 20 months in India and 23.9 months in Latin America. Similarly, the age at diagnosis was lower (mean 1.6 years after birth) compared to other studies; 4.5 years in India and 6.1 years in Europe. Pulmonary manifestations were the most common (85%), followed by skin/subcutaneous infections (77%) and lymphadenopathy (62%). The death rate of local patients (38%) was higher than other countries (India 35%, Europe 20%). Majority (77%) were treated for tuberculosis at some point in life. Genetic analysis confirmed six out of eight patients as X-linked CGD cases with mutations in
gene. A novel splice site mutation was identified in P-07 at position c.141+6 which resulted in the deletion of entire exon 2. Two siblings (P-05 and P-06) from consanguineous parents, were identified with AR-CGD based on the homozygous GT deletion mutation in
gene.
The clinical presentation, manifestations and genetic subtypes in the local cohort, appear to be comparable with global trends. Mycobacterial infections should be investigated and treated with more prominence. Effective treatment options are required to control the high mortality rate.
► Adamantane resistance remains extremely high in the Asia-Pacific. ► Oseltamivir-resistance in untreated community patients increased in 2011. ► Novel B variants with reduced susceptibility were ...detected. ► Surveillance of community specimens for resistant strains remains important.
Despite greater than 99% of influenza A viruses circulating in the Asia-Pacific region being resistant to the adamantane antiviral drugs in 2011, the large majority of influenza A (>97%) and B strains (∼99%) remained susceptible to the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir. However, compared to the first year of the 2009 pandemic, cases of oseltamivir-resistant A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses with the H275Y neuraminidase mutation increased in 2011, primarily due to an outbreak of oseltamivir-resistant viruses that occurred in Newcastle, as reported in Hurt et al. (2011c, 2012a), where the majority of the resistant viruses were from community patients not being treated with oseltamivir. A small number of influenza B viruses with reduced oseltamivir or zanamivir susceptibility were also detected. The increased detection of neuraminidase inhibitor resistant strains circulating in the community and the detection of novel variants with reduced susceptibility are reminders that monitoring of influenza viruses is important to ensure that antiviral treatment guidelines remain appropriate.
ASVAC2022 : 8th Asian Vaccine Conference Galagoda, Geethani C S; Perera, Jennifer; de Silva, Rajiva ...
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics,
12/2023, Letnik:
19, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Aiming to further the Immunization Partners in Asia Pacific (IPAP)’s vision of a world where no one suffers from a vaccine preventable disease, the 8
th
Asian Vaccine Conference (ASVAC 2022) was held ...in Colombo, Sri Lanka and virtually from 15 to 18, September 2022 (
www.asianvaccine.com
). This conference followed those held in Siem Reap, Cambodia (2009), Manila, Philippines (2010), Jakarta, Indonesia (2011), Cebu, Philippines (2013), Hanoi, Vietnam (2015), Singapore (2017) and Naypyidaw and Yangon, Myanmar (2019). The ASVAC2022 themed “
Immunization: in Era of Pandemics
,” commenced with the EPI Managers’ Workshop, followed by pre-conference workshops and Vaccinology Masterclass, followed by the main conference featuring 5 plenary lectures, 6 partner-led symposia, free paper and poster presentations, and industry-supported lunch and evening sessions. There were over 1830 registered participants, with 112 attending in person and 998 virtually from 63 countries. The conference was organized by IPAP and hosted by the Vaccine and Infectious Disease Forum of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka College of Pediatricians, Sri Lanka College of Microbiologists and College of General Practitioners of Sri Lanka, with the support of the Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka. The 9
th
ASVAC is scheduled to be held in Davao City, Philippines in late 2023.
ASVAC2022 : 8 th Asian Vaccine Conference Galagoda, Geethani C S; Perera, Jennifer; de Silva, Rajiva ...
Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics,
12/2023, Letnik:
19, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Aiming to further the Immunization Partners in Asia Pacific (IPAP)'s vision of a world where no one suffers from a vaccine preventable disease, the 8
Asian Vaccine Conference (ASVAC 2022) was held in ...Colombo, Sri Lanka and virtually from 15 to 18, September 2022 (www.asianvaccine.com). This conference followed those held in Siem Reap, Cambodia (2009), Manila, Philippines (2010), Jakarta, Indonesia (2011), Cebu, Philippines (2013), Hanoi, Vietnam (2015), Singapore (2017) and Naypyidaw and Yangon, Myanmar (2019). The ASVAC2022 themed "
," commenced with the EPI Managers' Workshop, followed by pre-conference workshops and Vaccinology Masterclass, followed by the main conference featuring 5 plenary lectures, 6 partner-led symposia, free paper and poster presentations, and industry-supported lunch and evening sessions. There were over 1830 registered participants, with 112 attending in person and 998 virtually from 63 countries. The conference was organized by IPAP and hosted by the Vaccine and Infectious Disease Forum of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka College of Pediatricians, Sri Lanka College of Microbiologists and College of General Practitioners of Sri Lanka, with the support of the Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka. The 9
ASVAC is scheduled to be held in Davao City, Philippines in late 2023.
Classical hantavirus infections present as haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Euro-Asia and as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in America. Mixed clinical features have been ...reported from certain novel hantavirus infections. In the north-central part of Sri Lanka, clusters of patients with fever and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema have been reported in recent years.
To detect hantavirus infection among clinically suspected patients and to describe clinical and demographic features of hantavirus infection in north-central Sri Lanka.
Clinically suspected patients with HFRS and HPS like illness admitted to two leading hospitals in the north-central part of the country from December 2013 to November 2015 and from March 2016 to February 2018 were included in the study. Acute phase blood samples were tested for the presence of anti-hantavirus IgM. Convalescent blood samples were taken from available cases and both acute and convalescent sera were subjected to IgG titre detection.
Seventy-two patients were included in the study. Twenty-nine (40.28%) were positive for hantavirus IgM. Of them, 20 (68.97%) presented with pulmonary symptoms with no or mild nephritis. Five (17.24%) had pulmonary symptoms with prominent nephritis and 04 (13.79%) had classic features of HFRS.
In the north-central part of Sri Lanka, most hantavirus infection was associated with pulmonary symptoms complicated with non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, which was different from clinical presentation reported previously from other parts of the country. HPS like hantavirus infection in the study area could be due to a Puumala-like virus or a novel virus.
ASVAC2022 : 8th Asian Vaccine Conference Galagoda, Geethani C. S.; Perera, Jennifer; de Silva, Rajiva ...
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,
01/02/2023, Letnik:
19, Številka:
1
Report
Odprti dostop
Aiming to further the Immunization Partners in Asia Pacific (IPAP)'s vision of a world where no one suffers from a vaccine preventable disease, the 8
th
Asian Vaccine Conference (ASVAC 2022) was held ...in Colombo, Sri Lanka and virtually from 15 to 18, September 2022 (
www.asianvaccine.com
). This conference followed those held in Siem Reap, Cambodia (2009), Manila, Philippines (2010), Jakarta, Indonesia (2011), Cebu, Philippines (2013), Hanoi, Vietnam (2015), Singapore (2017) and Naypyidaw and Yangon, Myanmar (2019). The ASVAC2022 themed "Immunization: in Era of Pandemics," commenced with the EPI Managers' Workshop, followed by pre-conference workshops and Vaccinology Masterclass, followed by the main conference featuring 5 plenary lectures, 6 partner-led symposia, free paper and poster presentations, and industry-supported lunch and evening sessions. There were over 1830 registered participants, with 112 attending in person and 998 virtually from 63 countries. The conference was organized by IPAP and hosted by the Vaccine and Infectious Disease Forum of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka College of Pediatricians, Sri Lanka College of Microbiologists and College of General Practitioners of Sri Lanka, with the support of the Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka. The 9
th
ASVAC is scheduled to be held in Davao City, Philippines in late 2023.
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