AimsTo characterise retinal microvascular alterations in the eyes of pregnant patients with anaemia (PA) and to compare the alterations with those in healthy controls (HC) using optical coherence ...tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsThis nested case‒control study included singleton PA and HC from the Eye Health in Pregnancy Study. Fovea avascular zone (FAZ) metrics, perfusion density (PD) in the superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus and flow deficit (FD) density in the choriocapillaris (CC) were quantified using FIJI software. Linear regressions were conducted to evaluate the differences in OCTA metrics between PA and HC. Subgroup analyses were performed based on comparisons between PA diagnosed in the early or late trimester and HC.ResultsIn total, 99 eyes of 99 PA and 184 eyes of 184 HC were analysed. PA had a significantly reduced FAZ perimeter (β coefficient=−0.310, p<0.001), area (β coefficient=−0.121, p=0.001) and increased circularity (β coefficient=0.037, p<0.001) compared with HC. Furthermore, higher PD in the central (β coefficient=0.327, p=0.001) and outer (β coefficient=0.349, p=0.007) regions were observed in PA. PA diagnosed in the first trimester had more extensive central FD (β coefficient=4.199, p=0.003) in the CC, indicating impaired perfusion in the CC.ConclusionIt was found that anaemia during pregnancy was associated with macular microvascular abnormalities, which differed in PA as pregnancy progressed. The results suggest that quantitative OCTA metrics may be useful for risk evaluation before clinical diagnosis.Trial registration numbers2021KYPJ098 and ChiCTR2100049850.
Recurrence or metastasis resulting from radioresistance are the main challenges for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A great deal of evidence supports the role of abnormal expression ...of miRNAs in radioresistance and malignancy. In some cancers, miR-483-5p is associated with inferior disease-specific survival. Therefore, we investigated the role of miR-483-5p in NPC radiosensitivity and the mechanism by which the miR-483-5p affects the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. In this study, we show that the overexpression of miR-483-5p decreases the radiosensitivity of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-483-5p exerts these functions by decreasing radiation-induced apoptosis and DNA damage, and by increasing NPC cell colony formation, via targeting death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1). Finally, our results confirm that the upregulation of miR-483-5p is correlated with advanced clinical stage and inferior overall survival of patients with NPC. These findings provide novel insights into our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying therapy failure in NPC. Modulation of miR-483-5p and DAPK1 levels may provide a new approach for increasing the radiosensitivity of these tumors.
We used 'Shannong No.1' experimental material to simulate higher salt concentration in ginger and analyzed the physiological responses of different parts of ginger seedlings under salt stress. The ...results showed that salt stress led to a significant decrease in fresh and dry weight of ginger, lipid membrane peroxidation, increased sodium ion content and enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes. Compared with the control, the overall plant dry weight of ginger under salt stress decreased by about 60%, and the MDA content in roots, stems, leaves, and rhizomes increased by 372.27%, 184.88%, 291.5%, and 171.13%, respectively, and the APX content increased by 188.85%, 165.56%, 195.38%, and 40.08%, respectively. After analysis of the physiological indicators, it was found that the roots and leaves of ginger were the most significantly changed parts. We analyzed the transcriptional differences between ginger roots and leaves by RNA-seq and found that they jointly initiated MAPK signaling pathways in response to salt stress. By combining physiological and molecular indicators, we elucidated the response of different tissues and parts of ginger to salt stress during the seedling stage.
The apetala2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) gene family plays a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development and responding to different abiotic stresses (e.g., drought, heat, cold, ...and salinity). However, the knowledge of the ERF family in pearl millet remains limited. Here, a total of 167 high-confidence
genes are identified and divided into five subgroups based on gene-conserved structure and phylogenetic analysis. Forty-one pairs of segmental duplication are found using collinear analysis. Nucleotide substitution analysis reveals these duplicated pairs are under positive purification, indicating they are actively responding to natural selection. Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis reveals that
genesare preferentially expressed in the imbibed seeds and stem (tilling stage) and respond to heat, drought, and salt stress. Prediction of the
-regulatory element by the PlantCARE program indicates that
genes are involved in responses to environmental stimuli. Using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), expression profiles of eleven selected
genes are monitored in various tissues and during different abiotic stresses. Transcript levels of each
gene exhibit significant changes during stress treatments. Notably, the
gene is the only candidate that can be induced by all adverse conditions. Furthermore, four
genes (i.e.,
,
,
, and
) are shown to be involved in the ABA-dependent signaling pathway. These results provide useful bioinformatic and transcriptional information for understanding the roles of the pearl millet
gene family in adaptation to climate change.
Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the associations between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in young adulthood with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality.
Methods
...We included 4,754 participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study at baseline. The TyG index was calculated as ln (fasting TG mg/dl × fasting glucose mg/dl/2), and the TyG index trajectories were identified by using the latent class growth mixture model. We evaluated the association between the baseline and trajectories of the TyG index with incident CVD events and all-cause mortality using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. The added value of the TyG index included in pooled cohort equations for CVD prediction was also analyzed.
Results
Among 4754 participants (mean age 24.72 years, 45.8% male, 51.2% black), there were 158 incident CVD events and 246 all-cause mortality during a median 25 years follow-up. After adjusting for multiple confounding variables, each one-unit increase in the TyG index was associated with a 96% higher CVD risk (hazard ratio HR 1.96, 95% confidence interval CI 1.44–2.66) and a 85% higher all-cause mortality risk (HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.45–2.36). Three distinct trajectories of the TyG index along the follow-up duration were identified: low (44.0%), moderate (45.5%), and high (10.5%). Compared with those participants in the low TyG index trajectory group, those in the high TyG index trajectory group had a greater risk of CVD events (HR 2.35, 95% CI 1.34–4.12) and all-cause mortality (HR 3.04, 95% CI 1.83–5.07). The addition of baseline TyG index to pooled cohort equations for CVD improved the C-statistics (P < 0.001), integrated discrimination improvement value (P < 0.001), and category-free net reclassification improvement value (P = 0.003).
Conclusions
Higher baseline TyG index levels and higher long-term trajectory of TyG index during young adulthood were significantly associated with an increased risk of incident CVD events and all-cause mortality in later life.
The MYB gene family widely exists in the plant kingdom and participates in the regulation of plant development and stress response. Pearl millet (
R. Br.), as one of the most important cereals, is ...not only considered a good source of protein and nutrients but also has excellent tolerances to various abiotic stresses (e.g., salinity, water deficit, etc.). Although the genome sequence of pearl millet was recently published, bioinformatics and expression pattern analysis of the MYB gene family are limited. Here, we identified 208 PgMYB genes in the pearl millet genome and employed 193 high-confidence candidates for downstream analysis. Phylogenetic and structural analysis classified these PgMYBs into four subgroups. Eighteen pairs of segmental duplications of the PgMYB gene were found using synteny analysis. Collinear analysis revealed pearl millet had the closest evolutionary relationship with foxtail millet. Nucleotide substitution analysis (Ka/Ks) revealed PgMYB genes were under purifying positive selection pressure. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis of eleven R2R3-type PgMYB genes revealed they were preferentially expressed in shoots and seeds and actively responded to various environment stimuli. Current results provide insightful information regarding the molecular features of the MYB family in pearl millet to support further functional characterizations.
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of integrating nursing early warning systems with doula-assisted childbirth nursing on natural childbirth rates and associated outcomes.
A total of 150 women ...who underwent childbirth in the obstetrics and gynecology department of our hospital between September 2021 and March 2023 were enrolled as participants. They were randomly allocated into either the observation group or the control group, each comprising 75 individuals. The control group received standard nursing care, while the observation group received nursing early warning systems combined with doula-assisted childbirth nursing. Comparison between the two groups included modes of childbirth, the intensity of childbirth pain, neonatal Apgar scores, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, duration of the first and second stages of labor, and maternal satisfaction with nursing care.
Our findings indicated a higher natural childbirth rate in the observation group compared to the control group (P < .05). Furthermore, the SAS score of the observation group post-nursing was significantly lower than that of the control group. Additionally, neonates in the observation group exhibited higher Apgar scores compared to those in the control group. Moreover, mothers who underwent natural childbirth in the observation group experienced lower childbirth pain scores and reduced postpartum hemorrhage incidence (P < .05). The duration of both the first and second stages of childbirth was shorter in the observation group than in the control group. Furthermore, overall satisfaction with care was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < .05).
This study underscores the effectiveness of implementing nursing early warning systems combined with doula-assisted nursing in enhancing maternal satisfaction, reducing postpartum hemorrhage, and improving maternal well-being and neonatal outcomes. The findings advocate for the widespread adoption of this intervention in clinical practice.
Phycobiliproteins (PBPs), the family of hydrophilic pigment proteins with fluorescence, have great potential in food industry as functional ingredients. The objective of this research was to prepare ...and characterize food grade phycobiliproteins from Porphyra haitanensis, and to investigate its application in liposome-meat system.
The existence of both phycoerythrin and phycocyanin in food grade PBPs was confirmed using UV–visible spectrum, with 3 absorbance peaks at wavelength of 498 nm, 560 nm and 615 nm, respectively. The purity ratio of food grade PBPs was 1.39, which was enhanced to 3.14 by DEAE chromatography. The optimum pH for emulsifying and gelation properties was 10, and the optimum temperature for emulsifying property was 40 °C. The IC50 values of food grade PBPs and purified PBPs were as follows: DPPH radical scavenging activities were 166 μg/mL and 84 μg/mL, ABTS radical scavenging activities were 29 μg/mL and 32 μg/mL, Fe2+ chelating activities were 200 μg/mL and 32 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, both linoleic acid peroxidation and the growth of TBARS value in liposome-meat system could be inhibited significantly by phycobiliproteins. The findings indicated that food grade PBPs from Porphyra haitanensis are applicable as a potential additive to be utilized in liposome-meat system.
•PBPs showed nutritional value for the highly essential amino acids content of 43%.•The hydrophobic amino acids related to antioxidant activity took up 50.47%.•PBPs exhibited lipid peroxidation inhibition activities both in linoleic acid and liposome-meat system.•The functional properties of PBPs suggest their potential application in food system.
The objective of this study is to clarify the correlation between uncertainty tolerance (UT) and positive acceptance (PA) in patients with cervical cancer (CC) after surgical treatment.
A total of ...233 patients with CC who had undergone surgery were included and were scored on the UT Scale and Positive Acceptance Scale. In addition, patients were classified according to the length of stay ≥1 week and length of stay <1 week, and the UT score and satisfaction and enterprising score of the two groups were compared. This was performed in order to analyze the effect of length of hospital stay on UT and PA.
The mean UT score of 233 patients was 3.74±0.34 and the mean PA score was 1.96±0.20, with a negative correlation and a significant correlation coefficient (r=-0.342, P 0.05). The UT score of post-operative CC patients with length of stay ≥1 week was significantly higher than that of patients with length of stay <1 week, P<0.05. The score of PA in patients with post-operative CC whose hospital stay was ≥1 week was significantly lower than for patients with hospital stays <1 week (P<0.05). UT was negatively correlated with PA in patients with hospital stays < 1 week (r=-0.358, P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between UT and PA in patients with hospital stay ≥1 week (r =-0.493, P<0.05). Increased hospitalization time correlated with increased scores of UT, with reductions in scores of PA.
Post-operative patients with CC had higher scores of UT and lower scores of PA, which were negatively correlated. Increased hospitalization time was linked to a detriment in patient UT and reduced PA. Targeted interventions to improve the level of UT and PA within postoperative CC cases should be developed.
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