Background
Lichen planus (LP) is an inflammatory disease that affects skin, hair follicles, mucous membranes, and nails. Ki‐67 is an antigen associated with the proliferation of cells in all stages ...of cell cycle except G0. Bcl‐2 is a protooncogene that protects cells from apoptosis. COX‐2 is an antiapoptotic protein that increases in inflammation. The infiltration of T cells in LP seems to be responsible in the apoptosis of the basal keratinocytes.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prednisolone and acitretin treatments on Ki‐67, Bcl‐2, and COX‐2 expression and apoptosis in patients with LP and the role of Ki‐67, Bcl‐2, and COX‐2 proteins in LP.
Methods
Fifty‐eight patients with clinically and histopathologically diagnosed LP who had not been treated with systemic treatment before and 15 healthy volunteers were evaluated prospectively. Pretreatment and posttreatment biopsies were immunohistochemically stained with Ki‐67, Bcl‐2, and COX‐2. The percentage of the stained cells were calculated and recorded.
Results
Although the percentage of staining with Ki‐67 and Bcl‐2 after treatment with prednisolone and acitretin decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in both groups, there was no significant difference between groups (P > 0.05). COX‐2 decreased but was not statistically significant.
Conclusions
With this study in cutaneous lichen planus, prednisolone and acitretin treatments reduced Bcl‐2 and Ki‐67 levels and did not effect COX‐2 levels. It should be clarified whether these results can be obtained with any treatment effective in cutaneous lichen planus.
Traktörler tarım sektöründe en yaygın kullanılan makinelerden biridir. Tarım sektöründe kazaların büyük bir
bölümü traktörlerin devrilmesi ile oluşmaktadır. Devrildikten sonra sürücünün hayatta ...kalabilmesi için bazı pasif
güvenlik tedbirlerinin alınması gerekmektedir. Özellikle kabinsiz traktörlerde ROPS (Roll-Over Protective
Structure) adı verilen bu mekanizma ile devrilme esnasında sürücünün traktör altında kalması önlenebilmektedir.
ROPS’lar farklı tasarımlarda olmakla birlikte yönetmelik gereği belirli standartlarda imalatı yapılması
gerekmektedir. Yönetmelik gereği temel zorunluluk; öne monteli koruyucu yapının (ROPS) aktif konum ve pasif
konumları sırasında operatörün (sürücünün) bu işlemleri gerçekleştirirken harcaması gereken kuvvetin belirli
sınırlar altında olmasıdır. ROPS tasarımında; U koruma demirinin ROPS sol-sağ ayağa irtibatlanmasını sağlamak
üzere en az bir mil bulunacak şekilde yapılmıştır. Böylece U koruma demirinin ROPS sol-sağ ayağa göre dönebilir
şekilde irtibatlanması sağlanmaktadır. Tasarlanan öne monteli yardımcı destek sistemi olmayan koruyucu yapının
üzerine yay mekanizması tasarımı ve imalatı eklenmiştir. Sisteme yerleştirilen yay sayesinde sürücünün bu işlem
sırasında harcayacağı enerjiye destek görevi görerek, daha az kuvvet harcaması sağlanmıştır. Böylece bu
mekanizma sayesinde ön koruyucu yapı, aktif konumdan pasif konuma geçirilirken veya tersi işlemlerde
yönetmeliklerdeki sınır değerlerin altında kalacak seviyelerdeki kuvvetlere düşürülmüştür. Yönetmelikte ölçüm
değerleri 1. Bölge, 2. Bölge, 3. Bölge için uygulanması gereken kuvvetler sırasıyla 100 N, 75 N ve 50 N olması
gerekmektedir. Yay mekanizması olmayan tasarımda bu kuvvetler sırası ile 166.77 N, 156.97 N ve 127.53 N olarak
ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen verilerin yönetmelikteki sınırların çok üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Yay mekanizmalı
ölçümlerde ise sırası ile 83.39 N, 68.67 N ve 39.24 N olarak tespit edilmiş olup yönetmelik sınırları altına
düşürülmüştür. Sonuç olarak ROPS mekanizmaları, yönetmelik gereksinimleri sağlanarak kullanıcılar için daha
az zaman kaybı ve kuvvet gereksinimi sağlayan bir sistem haline dönüştürülmüştür.
Şasi dinamometreleri motor, güç aktarma organları ve şasi bileşenlerinin test edilmesi amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. Taşıt tipi, boyutları ve ağırlığı gibi temel faktörlerin yanı sıra test cihazı ...yapısı, yazılımı ve ölçüm yöntemlerine göre sistem üzerinde farklı parametreler incelenebilmektedir. Test sistemi üzerinde kullanılan ekipman ve tasarım yapısına bağlı olarak ölçüm hassasiyeti değişmektedir. Günümüzde ikinci el araç kontrollerinde oto ekspertiz firmaları tarafından yaygın olarak gerçekleştirilen şasi dinamometre testlerinin doğruluğu ve güvenilirliği bir tartışma konusudur. Bu çalışmada, piyasada kullanılan şasi dinamometrelerinin ölçüm doğruluklarının araştırılması için üç farklı taşıt, iki farklı oto ekspertiz firmasında test edilmiştir. Testlerde common rail yakıt enjeksiyonuna sahip, turboşarjlı, Euro 5 emisyon normlarına uygun dizel motora ve manuel vites kutusuna sahip taşıtlar kullanılmıştır. Şasi dinamometrelerinde gerçekleştirilen tüm testlerde belirlenen standart adımlar izlenmiş olup testler basınç ve sıcaklık kaynaklı sapmaların önlenmesi için aynı lokasyondaki firmalarda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Test sonuçlarında taşıtlara ait maksimum güç ve maksimum güç devri, maksimum tork ve maksimum tork devri, ayrıca bu değerlerin fabrika verilerinden sapma miktarları elde edilmiştir. Firmalara ait test sonuçları kendi arasında ve fabrika verileri ile karşılaştırıldığında güç-tork eğrileri, maksimum güç-tork değerleri ve bu değerlerin ortaya çıktığı motor devirlerinde önemli ölçüde sapmalar oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir.
Chassis dynamometers are used to test engine, powertrain and chassis components. In addition to basic factors such as vehicle type, dimensions and weight, different parameters can be examined on the system depending on the test device structure, software and measurement methods. Measurement accuracy varies depending on the equipment and design structure used on the test system. Today, the accuracy and reliability of chassis dynamometer tests, which are commonly performed by auto expertise companies in used vehicle controls, are a matter of debate. In this study, three different vehicles were tested in two different auto expertise companies to investigate the measurement accuracy of chassis dynamometers used in the market. Vehicles with common rail fuel injection, turbocharged, diesel engine conforming to Euro 5 emission norms and manual gearbox were used in the tests. Standard steps were followed in all tests performed on chassis dynamometers, and tests were carried out in companies located in the same location to prevent deviations due to pressure and temperature. In the test results, the maximum power and maximum power engine speed, maximum torque and maximum torque engine speed of the vehicles, as well as the deviations of these values from the factory data were obtained. When the test results of the companies are compared among themselves and with the factory data, it has been determined that there are serious deviations in the power-torque curves, maximum power-torque values and engine speeds where these values occur.
Introduction
The understanding of the temporal pattern of individuals can add a wider perspective to interventions. Therefore, the present study is aimed toward analysis of the temporal activity ...pattern of individuals with stroke compared to healthy adults.
Method
This study is a prospective, case–control, analytic research study. The study sample comprised 50 individuals with stroke and 50 individuals without disease, for 80% power with a 5% type 1 error. The Modified Occupational Questionnaire was administered to assess the temporal activity pattern. Individuals identified the activities performed at each hour of the day and data was analyzed.
Results
The temporal activity pattern of individuals with stroke differed from healthy controls; education and play activities were not part of stroke participants’ daily routines. Also, participation in work, leisure and social participation activities was significantly different for people with stroke compared to healthy controls (p < 0.01). The study group assigned very low values to the activities; the value perceived by individuals differed significantly between groups (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
Clinicians are in a position to enable individuals’ time use and help to engage them in meaningful activity. Individuals with stroke may benefit from a program focusing on the temporal aspect of activities.
Siringokistadenoma papilliferum (SKAP) benign
hamartomatöz bir adneksiyal tümördür. Genellikle nodüler
plak lezyonu şeklinde gelişir ve olguların %40’ında nevüs
sebaseus ile ilişkili olduğu ...bildirilmektedir. Baş ve boyun
bölgesi dışında ortaya çıkan lezyonlar daha nadirdir. Plak,
soliter nodüler ve lineer formları arasında lineer varyant nadir
görülür1,2. Aksillada lineer tutulum gösteren papülonodüller
şeklindeki bu olguyu çok nadir görüldüğü için sunuyoruz.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of our triage system in acceleration of intervention for the musculoskeletal injuries and clinical follow-ups of trauma patients admitted to our ...center after the Kahramanmaras earthquake.
Between February 6
, 2023 and February 20
, 2023, a total of 439 patients (207 males, 232 females; mean age: 37.1±19.1 years; range, 1 to 94 years) with earthquake-related musculoskeletal injuries after the Kahramanmaras earthquake were retrospectively analyzed. Data including age, sex, referral city information, removal time from the rubbles, physical examination findings, clinical photos, fasciotomy and amputation stumps and levels, and X-ray images and computed tomography images of all patients were shared and archived in the WhatsApp (Meta Platforms, Inc.® ATTN/CA, USA) group called 'Earthquake' created by orthopedic surgeons. To complete the patient interventions as soon as possible and to ensure order, the patients were distributed with the teams in order through this group by the consultant orthopedic surgeon. The treatments were applied and recorded according to the skin and soft tissue conditions, and fractures of the patients. All treatments were carried out with a multi-disciplinary approach.
Of the patients, 16.2% were children. Lower limb injuries constituted 59.07% of musculoskeletal injuries. Upper limb, pelvic, and spinal cord injuries were observed in 21.9%, 12.7%, and 6.25%, respectively. Conservative treatment was applied to 183 (41.68%) patients. The most common surgical intervention was debridement (n=136, 53.1%). External fixation was applied in the first stage to 21 (8.2%) patients with open fractures. The mean removal time from the rubbles was 32.1±29.38 h. A total of 118 limb fasciotomy operations were applied to the patients. Fifty limb amputations were performed in 40 patients at the last follow-up due to vascular insufficiency and infection.
Based on our study results, we believe that a triage system using a good communication and organization strategy is beneficial to prevent treatment delay and possible adverse events in future disasters.
PurposeThe purpose of this article covers the design and manufacture of porous materials that can be used in different engineering applications by additive ...manufacturing.Design/methodology/approachThe most important design parameters of the porous materials are the cell structure and wall thickness. These two design criteria are difficult to control in porous materials produced by conventional production methods. In the study, two different wall thicknesses and four different pore diameters of the porous structure were determined as design parameters.FindingsA compression test was applied to the produced samples. Also, the densities of the produced samples were compared. As a result of the study, changes in mechanical properties were observed according to the cell wall thickness and pore size.Originality/valueThe originality of the study is that, unlike traditional porous structure production, the pore structure and cell wall thicknesses can be produced in desired dimensions. In addition, a closed pore structure was tried to be produced in the study. Studies in the literature generally have a tube-type pore structure.
Failure Analysis of Distributor Gear YAVUZ, İbrahim
International journal of automotive science and technology,
03/2021, Letnik:
5, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This study experimentally and theoretically investigated the fracture damage on the distributor gear of a front-wheel drive automobile. The experimental stud-ies initially analyzed the fracture ...surfaces of the gear in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Subsequently, microstructure analysis and mechanical tests were performed. In the theoretical study, on the other hand, static analyses were performed using the finite element method on the ANSYS software program. Static analyses revealed equivalent stresses on the piece and determined its criti-cal regions. Finally, the theoretical and experimental studies were compared with literature data. As a result, the occurrence of a ductile fracture was observed and it was determined to be the area where the most critical fracture occurred.
Pemphigus is a group of autoimmune bullous diseases caused by antibodies directed against the desmosomal adhesion molecules desmoglein 1 and 3, which are required for intercellular adhesion of ...keratinocytes. Pentraxins are a group of proteins that function as pattern recognition molecules and also play a role in humoral innate immunity. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is the prototype of the long pentraxins and has been shown to be increased in numerous autoimmune diseases.
To investigate whether PTX3 can be used as a marker of PV caused by autoimmunity and resulting in tissue injury.
The study included 30 patients who presented to the University Medical School Dermatology Department and were diagnosed with PV based on clinical, histological, and immunological findings. The control group included 30 healthy individuals. Human PTX3 concentration was measured with a commercially available ELISA kit, using a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
The 60 participants comprised 31 (52%) men and 29 (48%) women. The most common site of onset was mucosa + skin (
= 22; 73.3%) and a psychological pathology was present in 7 (23.3%) patients. Median PTX3 level was significantly higher in the PV group compared to the control group (
= 0.008). The ROC curve analysis indicated a significant area under curve (AUC) value for serum PTX3 level in the prediction of PV.
PTX3 was found to be increased in PV and PTX3 could be a useful indicator of disease activity in PV.
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