Purpose This study investigated the improvement of functional activity after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to determine whether or not functional activity definitely improves with time. ...Methods The participants were 40 people suffering from knee osteoarthritics, who underwent primary TKA. The functional activity was measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) physical function subscale (17 items, Japanese version) preoperatively, at the time of discharge and after discharge. Results In all items, there was a significant improvement after discharge compared to preoperatively, and at the time of discharge compared to preoperatively. The following three items were significantly improved and one item was significantly worse after discharge compared to discharge time. Conclusions The functional activities that significantly improved after discharge compared to discharge time were activities that were not often performed during hospitalization. They were improved by performing them after discharge in real life scenarios and progress was shown with time.
The auxiliary verb beshi was originally conjugated with ku. However, during the Muromachi period, one begins to see examples of shiku conjugation appearing as well. In this paper we focus on the fact ...that in shiku conjugations, this change only occurs in the example of tsubei (originally tsu+beshi). We investigate the reasons for this by considering the dual meanings of beshi, as well as the historical change of its system of modality. The meaning of beshi is broadly divided into the two functions of (1) expressing the state or nature of something (an expression of state-of-affairs) and (2) expressing the operation of the speaker's judgment (an expression of epistemic modality). Tsubeshi and nubeshi have existed as exclusive forms of the 'state-of-affairs' meaning of beshi since the Heian period, whereas tsubeshi expressed 'possibility (dynamic possibility)', and complimentarily, nubeshi expressed 'probability (existential possibility)'. During the Muromachi period, from tsubei, tsubeshii developed, which was used to express a state in an evaluative manner. This can be interpreted as one phenomenon within the process of shiku-conjugated adjectives coming to be derived from ku-conjugated adjectives, a change that occurred during this period. Also, uzu assumed the 'epistemic' meaning of beshi, and it was beshi that was incorporated into the literary language. Tsubei, which expresses the 'state- of-affairs' meaning of beshi, remained in the spoken language longer than beshi. It is thought that tsubei remained in existence until the development and progression of expressions such as sona (written as sauna).
Abstract : Purpose: This study aimed to identify the correlation between aerobic threshold (AT) and cardiopulmonary response at the start of exercise in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). ...Subjects and Methods: Thirty-one male patients with MI underwent a sub-maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test with expiratory gas analysis to determine their peak oxygen uptake (VO2) level, using Ramp protocol. Results: The patients demonstrated an extended time constant (TC) and decline in AT in this study. Extended TC suggested impaired cardiac function due to reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), as well as an LVEF of 52.8% on average. However, there was no significant correlation between TC and AT. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were 0.56 between AT and area under the oxygen uptake curve (VO2AUC), -0.22 between TC and VO2AUC, and -0.23 between AT and TC. Conclusion: VO2AUC is representative of oxygen utilization and is correlated with AT in patients with MI.
Dear Editor, Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen (JCP) and Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) pollen (JCyP) are most prevalent pollen allergen in Japan. Dispersal of JCP generally ...precedes that of JCyP, but the pattern of each is typically arch-shaped over time. JCP dispersal commences in early February and peaks between late February and early March, whereas dispersal of JCyP peaks between late March and early April, with some variation due to yearly climatic changes. In and around Tokyo, the pollen dispersal season is in excess of 10 weeks. Many patients with JCP-induced AR also have known sensitivity to JCyP, given their shared allergenicity. AR triggered by JCyP alone is thus a rarity. Because dispersal periods of the two pollen species do overlap, AR due exclusively to JCyP has been difficult to characterize. Through its antecedent or concurrent dispersal, JCP may well impact the symptoms and severity of JCyP-induced AR. Environmental challenge chamber (ECC) enables selective introduction of various pollen types at constant levels and under identical conditions, allowing highly reproducible clinical evaluations.
1. Abnormal excretion of thiamine and riboflavin from the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was not ascertained in this study. 2. More reduction of urinary thiamine and riboflavin by ...administration of UDCA was observed after loading the vitamins to the patients than without loading. 3. Administration of UDCA for a long period of time did not improve the liver function of the patients with tuberculosis to absorb the vitamins. 4. Reduction of the amounts of excreted thiamine and riboflavin after administration of UDCA was supposed to be due to the increase of phosphorylation and absorption of both vitamins.
This study aimed to clarify the details of outpatient oral antimicrobial use (AMU) at a Japanese community hospital and investigate the influence of the current inpatient-based antimicrobial ...stewardship (AS) on outpatients. A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted in Komaki City Hospital. Data on patients, physicians, and oral antibiotics were collected in October 2013, 2016, and 2019, and appropriateness of treatment and surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) was evaluated. The percentage of patients receiving oral antibiotics increased significantly from 4.7% in 2013 (345/7338) to 5.9% in 2019 (365/6146), and the overall number of antimicrobial prescriptions per 1000 outpatients increased from 51.8 in 2013 to 68.0 in 2019. Prescriptions for third-generation cephalosporins per 1000 outpatients decreased (from 21.4 to 6.3), whereas the number of prescriptions for penicillin (from 3.8 to 15.3), fluoroquinolones (from 7.0 to 13.2), and co-trimoxazole (from 5.0 to 15.8) increased from 2013 to 2019. The appropriate AMU for overall infections significantly increased (from 68.4% in 2013 to 83.7% in 2019). The choice and duration of AMU significantly improved for SAP. However, even in 2019, only 29.3% of patients received antibiotics before surgery. The improved selection of antibiotics on outpatient prescription may be due to the influence of AS—which is focused on inpatients—while prescriptions for fluoroquinolones and prophylactics also increased. The challenges of antimicrobial administration after surgeries were also highlighted.
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