The COVID-19 has spread across the globe in a short time and affected people's life, especially patients with severe mental disorders. Poor adherence to antipsychotics was usually associated with an ...increasing risk of relapse. This study investigated medication adherence status among patients with severe mental disorders in low-income families during COVID-19 outbreak and the influencing factors.
To select patients with severe mental disorders in low-income families in central China's Henan Province, we used multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Trained interviewers and psychiatrists collected questionnaire responses from the patients through face-to-face interviews or video interviews. Logistic regression models were used to examine factors that influence the status of medication adherence.
A total of 24,763 valid questionnaires were collected between March 10, 2020, and March 31, 2020. The regular medication rate of patients with severe mental disorders in low-income families during the COVID-19 outbreak was 51.46%. Twelve factors were found to influence medication adherence of investigated individuals. Positive factors for regular medication were younger age, higher education level of patients and their guardians, higher medical expenditure, higher level of self-care ability, having subsidies for care and supervision, having disability certificate and personal care, etc.
The COVID-19 outbreak affected the medication adherence among patients with severe mental disorders in low-income families. The influencing factors are complicated and diverse, including psychological effects, traffic impact, and economy, etc. The government should pay more efforts on social assistance programs and flexibly deal with difficulties during public health emergencies like the COVID-19.
In this warming world, radiative cooling is believed to be one of the most promising techniques for keeping cool without increasing greenhouse gas emissions. Glass bubbles have been proposed as a ...component of high-performance radiative cooling paints because of the bubbles’ controllable size and their enhancement of light scattering. However, the current radiative cooling paints with glass bubbles suffer from low solar reflectivity because of their large particle size. In this study, we propose the idea of breaking the glass bubbles by means of ball milling to enhance the cooling performance of radiative cooling paints. The ball-milling process increases the solar reflectivity from 93.3% to 97.3% with the thermal emissivity of ∼93.4%, while the temperature difference with the ambient air is increased from 1.8 °C to 3.5 °C at noon. When the paint is covered with nanoporous polyethylene film, the temperature is 8.5 °C below the ambient air temperature at noon and 14.1 °C at night. The superior radiative cooling capability of the paint and the record-setting temperature difference achieved in Hong Kong demonstrate its excellent cooling performance, while the simple preparation method and ease of application make this paint promising for commercialization and large-scale production.
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•The ball milling process could increase the solar reflectivity from 93.3% to 97.3%.•The temperature difference was increased from 1.8 °C to 3.5 °C at noon.•Record-setting temperature reduction in Hong Kong was achieved.
Flexible, lightweight, and low-cost thermoelectric thin films are promising for self-powered wearable electronics and sensors. In this work, we report on flexible Te nanostructures/PEDOT:PSS ...composite thin films with high power factor and their application as flexible temperature sensors. Te nanostructures with high crystallinity and high aspect ratios were synthesized through an environmentally friendly method without using highly toxic chemicals. Individual Te nanostructures achieve a thermoelectric figure of merit (
ZT
) of 0.13 at 300 K, indicating good potential as inorganic fillers for nanostructures/polymer hybrid materials. Based on the synthesized Te nanostructures, flexible p-type Te/PEDOT:PSS thin films were fabricated through a simple dilution and vacuum filtration method. The power factor of the as-prepared composite thin film outperforms that of either a Te or DMSO-treated PEDOT:PSS thin film, and importantly, it can be further enhanced to 149 μW m
−1
K
−2
by hot pressing, which is nearly threefold enhancement compared to the values reported for the vacuum-filtered flexible Te/PEDOT:PSS thin films in the literature. The hot-pressed composite thin film shows high flexibility with the electrical conductivity remaining almost unchanged after 1000 bending cycles under a bending radius of 5 mm. Flexible temperature sensors were fabricated based on the hot-pressed Te/PEDOT:PSS thin film, which exhibited high sensitivity in detecting temperature stimuli. The developed temperature sensors were applied onto a two-finger flexible mechanical claw for identifying hot/cold objects in robotic grasping. This work demonstrates an effective approach to enhance the thermoelectric power factor of flexible Te nanostructures/polymer composites and their promising application in flexible thermal sensing.
A thermoelectric power factor of 149 μW m
−1
K
−2
was achieved for a flexible Te/PEDOT:PSS thin film
via
hot pressing. Flexible temperature sensors were developed based on the composite film, which endowed a mechanical claw with thermal sensation.
Superdiffusive thermal transport represents a unique phenomenon in heat conduction, which is characterized by a size (L) dependence of thermal conductivity (κ) in the form of κ ∝ L β with a constant ...β between 0 and 1. Although superdiffusive thermal transport has been theoretically predicted for SiGe alloys, direct experimental evidence is still lacking. Here, we report on a systematic experimental study of the thickness-dependent thermal conductivity of Si0.4Ge0.6 thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The cross-plane thermal conductivity of Si0.4Ge0.6 thin films spanning a thickness range from 20 to 1120 nm was measured in the temperature range 120–320 K via a differential three-omega method. Results show that the thermal conductivity follows a consistent κ ∝ t 0.26 power law with the film thickness (t) at different temperatures, providing direct experimental evidence that alloy-scattering dominated thermal transport in SiGe is superdiffusive.
Electrical and thermal transport through metal point contacts, a key issue in the design and operation of various engineering devices, is of great recent interest. The effective Lorenz number (L), ...which relates the thermal to electrical conductance of point contacts, could provide valuable information on the relative contribution of electrons and phonons to thermal transport. Through measuring electrical and thermal transport across point contacts between silver nanowires, we report that L significantly deviates from the Sommerfeld value by up to 5.2 times and exhibits nonmonotonic variation with temperature. Analyses show that these observations are due to the more important phonon contribution to the thermal conductance of the point contact as Sharvin resistance greatly hinders electron transport, which is further confirmed by the size dependence of L with a higher value for a smaller contact size. These results provide critical insights into engineering designs involving point contacts between metal nanostructures.
Energy crisis and climate change are two grand challenges our society is currently facing. To address these challenges, there is a strong need for improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing ...energy consumption. Thermoelectric and radiative cooling technologies, as promising solutions to meet such demands, have attracted extensive attention for several decades. In recent years, micro/nanostructures are introduced as an effective strategy to improve the performance of thermoelectric and radiative cooling materials. Micro- and nanostructures have a great influence on phonon, electron, and photon transport. Despite recent progress in both theoretical and experimental studies of transport phenomena in micro/nanostructured materials, there are still some open questions yet to be answered. In this thesis, I have systematically investigated phonon, electron, and photon transport in several micro/nanostructured materials to address some of those questions.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the application value of established teaching case database for professional degree postgraduates majoring in psychiatry and mental health. MethodsThe self-designed teaching case ...database questionnaire was used to evaluate the established teaching case database of graduate students majoring in psychiatry and mental health, and to evaluate the satisfaction of students, teachers and experts on the teaching case database. ResultsThe rates of overall satisfaction with the teaching case database of the students, the teachers and the experts were 86.0%, 88.9% and 83.3%, respectively. And the satisfaction rates with the improvement of learning autonomy were 97.7%, 97.2% and 100.0%, respectively. In the questionnaire of the students, the satisfaction rates of theoretical knowledge consolidation, learning interest enhancement, learning efficiency enhancement, medical record writing ability enhancement, clinical thinking exercise and clinical ability enhancement were 97.7%, 95.3%, 93.0%, 90.7%, 97.
Organic carbon (OC) accumulation and storage in lake sediments is considered to be an important component of global C cycling. However, the storage of OC in Chinese lakes is not well constrained, and ...its role in future global change processes has rarely been considered. Here, we analyzed the OC burial and its correlation with lake catchment properties in Chinese lakes that have experienced heavy anthropogenic influence over the last ∼150 years. We compiled OC data from sixty-four lakes from the literature. The results showed that organic carbon accumulation rates (OCARs) in Chinese lakes ranged between 1.4 and 259.5 g m−2 yr−1, with a mean of 22 g m-2 yr−1 over the past ∼150 years, consistent with the global estimate of the carbon burial rate in lake sediments (11–26 g m−2 yr−1). Extrapolated to the whole country, a total of 269.5 Tg OC (ranging from 138.9 to 690.4 Tg C) was stored in Chinese lakes over the past 150 years. Spearman analysis revealed that OCARs strongly depended on lake and catchment size, precipitation, temperature, longitude, altitude and anthropogenic activities. Moreover, OCARs showed an increasing trend, especially after the 1950s, coinciding with land use changes and lake nutrient level shifts.
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