JSNS
2
(J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) is an experiment that searches for sterile neutrinos via the observation of
ν
¯
μ
→
ν
¯
e
appearance oscillations using ...muon decay-at-rest neutrinos. The JSNS
2
experiment performed data taking from 2021. In this manuscript, a study of the accidental background is presented. The rate of the accidental background is (
9.29
±
0.39
)
×
10
-
8
/spill with 0.75 MW beam power and comparable to the expected number of signal events.
Background: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may require prolonged periods of corticosteroid therapy which lead to excessive weight gain and increased cardiovascular risk. Objective: ...To assess the utility of a low glycaemic index diet in patients with corticosteroid dependent SLE in achieving weight loss and improving glycaemic control. Design: A total of 23 women were enrolled in a 6 week study. All had mild, stable SLE, were receiving corticosteroids and had a body mass index > 25 kg/m2. Subjects were randomly assigned to a low glycaemic index (Low GI) diet or a calorie restricted (Low Cal) diet. The primary end point was weight loss. Secondary end points included tolerability of diet, bio-markers of cardiovascular risk, disease activity, fatigue and sleep quality. Results: Weight loss in both treatment groups was significant (mean ± SD: Low GI diet 3.9 ± 0.9 kg; Low Cal diet 2.4 ± 2.2 kg, p < 0.01 from baseline in each group). There were also significant improvements in waist and hip measurements. However, the difference in weight loss and waist and hip measurements between the two diet groups was not statistically significant. There was a statistically significant reduction in Fatigue Severity Scale in both diet groups, (p < 0.03). Both Low GI and Low Cal diets were well tolerated, resulting in no serious adverse effects or increase in disease activity. Conclusion: Significant weight loss is achievable over 6 weeks in a diet-specific trial in subjects with stable SLE, who are on low dose prednisolone. Both diets were equally tolerable, and did not cause flares in disease activity. Our results suggest that dietary manipulation may significantly improve fatigue in subjects with SLE.
The microbiota that forms on implant surfaces placed in the human body can be highly resistant to antimicrobial agents and in some cases cause life-threatening infections. Consequently, to limit ...bacterial attachment to these surfaces and thereby minimize the risk of implant infection, the process of biofilm formation and bacterial attachment must be well-understood. The oral environment is considered to be an excellent model for research into biofilm formation and implant infection, accounting for many studies carried out in the field of dental medicine. Those studies show that the roughness, free energy, and material characteristics of the implant surface largely determine initial bacterial adhesion. This article reviews the relevant literature on these aspects of biofilm formation.
JSNS
2
(J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) is an experiment that is searching for sterile neutrinos via the observation of
ν
¯
μ
→
ν
¯
e
appearance oscillations ...using muon decay-at-rest neutrinos. Before dedicated data taking in the first-half of 2021, we performed a commissioning run for 10 days in June 2020. Using the data obtained in this commissioning run, in this paper, we present an estimate of the correlated background which imitates the
ν
¯
e
signal in a sterile neutrino search. In addition, in order to demonstrate future prospects of the JSNS
2
experiment, possible pulse shape discrimination improvements towards reducing cosmic ray induced fast neutron background are described.
Abstract
JSNS
$$^2$$
2
(J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) is an experiment that is searching for sterile neutrinos via the observation of
$${\bar{\nu }}_{\mu } ...\rightarrow {\bar{\nu }}_{e}$$
ν
¯
μ
→
ν
¯
e
appearance oscillations using muon decay-at-rest neutrinos. Before dedicated data taking in the first-half of 2021, we performed a commissioning run for 10 days in June 2020. Using the data obtained in this commissioning run, in this paper, we present an estimate of the correlated background which imitates the
$${\bar{\nu }}_{e}$$
ν
¯
e
signal in a sterile neutrino search. In addition, in order to demonstrate future prospects of the JSNS
$$^2$$
2
experiment, possible pulse shape discrimination improvements towards reducing cosmic ray induced fast neutron background are described.
Vertebrate Nodal-related factors play central roles in mesendoderm induction and left-right axis specification, but the mechanisms regulating their expression are largely unknown. We identify an ...element in Xnr1 intron 1 that is activated by activin and Vg1, autoactivated by Xnrs, and suppressed by ventral inducers like BMP4. Intron 1 contains three FAST binding sites on which FAST/Smad transcriptional complexes can assemble; these sites are differentially involved in intron 1-mediated reporter gene expression. Interference with FAST function abolishes intron 1 activity, and transcriptional activation of Xnrs by activin in embryonic tissue explant assays, identifying FAST as an essential mediator of Xnr autoregulation and/or âsignal relayâ from activin-like molecules. Furthermore, the mapping of endogenous activators of the Xnr1 intronic enhancer within Xenopus embryos agrees well with the pattern of Xnr1 transcription during embryogenesis. In transgenic mice, Xnr1 intron 1 mimics a similarly located enhancer in the mouse nodal gene, and directs FAST site-dependent expression in the primitive streak during gastrulation, and unilateral expression during early somitogenesis. The FAST cassette is similar in an ascidian nodal-related gene, suggesting an ancient origin for this regulatory module. Thus, an evolutionarily conserved intronic enhancer in Xnr1 is involved in both mesendoderm induction and asymmetric expression during left-right axis formation.
Construction and properties of acrylic vessels in the RENO detector Park, K.S.; Park, J.S.; Kim, B.C. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
09/2012, Letnik:
686
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The aim of the RENO (Reactor Experiment for Neutrino Oscillation) is to measure the smallest neutrino mixing angle, θ13. The RENO detector consists of four concentric cylindrical layers: the target, ...γ-catcher, buffer and veto. Acrylic is used for the target and γ-catcher vessels, both of which contain liquid scintillator. Acrylic was chosen because it has good transmittance in the wavelength range of 400–430nm and also does not react with liquid-scintillating solvents. In order to reduce systematic uncertainties, the target volume should be identical to a level of less than 0.1% between the near and far detectors. Furthermore, the acrylic vessel should not have any leaks. In this paper, we investigate the optical properties, design and construction of the acrylic vessels used in the RENO detector.
The neurotrophin receptor TrkB has been implicated in the regulation of energy homeostasis in rodents. We have previously identified four rare missense mutations in the gene encoding TrkB, NTRK2, in ...198 severely obese children with developmental delay. We have now undertaken a more detailed analysis of the in vitro functional consequences of the mutations identified: I98V, P660L, T821A and Y722C.
Wild-type and mutant TrkB receptor constructs were stably transfected into PC12 cells and the signaling responses to the endogenous ligand, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), were examined by Western blotting of cell lysates. In the case of Y722C, PC12 cells stably expressing this mutant were studied for their ability to respond to BDNF by promoting neurite outgrowth and cell survival.
Further functional characterization of the previously reported Y722C TrkB mutation reveals impaired activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, phospholipase C-gamma and Akt, as well as reduced BDNF-induced neurite outgrowth and cell survival in stably transfected PC12 cell lines. However, the signaling properties of I98V, P660L and T821A were all indistinguishable from wild type.
We provide further evidence for the impairment in signaling by Y722C and show that as well as a loss of signaling, this mutation affects the ability of TrkB to promote neurite outgrowth in response to BDNF. Thus, impaired hypothalamic neurogenesis may contribute to the severe hyperphagia and obesity seen in the individual harboring the Y722C variant. The other three rare TrkB variants do not show reduced autophosphorylation or impaired downstream signaling in vitro and, as yet, it is unclear whether these variants contribute to obesity in these patients.
This study was performed to evaluate the effect and feasibility of contrast echocardiography (CE) compared with unenhanced echocardiography (UE) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) to ...assess left ventricular (LV) volume and function, including end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), and ejection fraction (EF) in six healthy Beagles.
When the dogs were conscious, LV measurements using CE were significantly higher than those obtained using UE, except for EF, and were similar to the values obtained using CMRI. Additionally, EDV, SV, and EF obtained using UE from anesthetized dogs were significantly lower than those obtained using CE or CMRI. Measurements of EDV, SV and EF using CE were not significantly different from the corresponding measurements obtained using CMRI (31.13±2.18 vs. 32.88±1.17mL, 18.41±1.25 vs. 17.92±0.96mL, 59.29±2.29% vs. 53.33±1.69%, respectively). Inter-observer agreements for UE (0.74±0.05) were lower than those for CE (0.80±0.04) and CMRI (0.92±0.03). In conclusion, LV function was assessed reproducibly using CE, and the measurements obtained were consistent with reference standard measurements obtained using CMRI. Measurements made using CE agreed more closely with CMRI than those made using UE.
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