English interpretation plays a vital role as a critical link in cross-language communication. However, there are various types of ambiguous information in many interpreting scenarios, such as ...ambiguity, ambiguous vocabulary, and syntactic structures, which may lead to inaccuracies and fluency issues in translation. This article proposes a method based on the generalized maximum likelihood ratio algorithm (GLR) to identify and process fuzzy information in English interpretation to improve the quality and efficiency of performance. Firstly, we systematically analyzed the common types of fuzzy information in interpretation and delved into the basic principles and applications of the generalized maximum likelihood ratio algorithm. This algorithm is widely used in natural language processing to solve uncertainty problems and has robust modeling and inference capabilities, making it suitable for handling fuzzy information in interpretation. Then, we propose a fuzzy information recognition model based on the generalized maximum likelihood ratio algorithm. This model utilizes a large-scale interpretation corpus for training and identifies potential fuzzy information in the interpretation process through statistical analysis and pattern recognition. Once fuzzy information is detected, we adopt a series of effective translation processing strategies, including contextual inference and adaptation, to ensure the accuracy and naturalness of interpretation. Finally, we conducted a series of experiments to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the fuzzy information recognition and translation processing method based on the generalized maximum likelihood ratio algorithm performs well in different interpretation scenarios, significantly improving the quality and fluency of interpretation and reducing ambiguity caused by fuzzy information.
Accumulating evidence implies that N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) methylation participated in the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer (GC). Here we synthetically analyzing the prognostic value and expression ...profile of seven m6A methylation‐relevant genes through silico analysis of sequencing data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Kaplan–Meier plotter, and Gene Expression Omnibus database. We explored the methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) expression in GC cell line and tumor tissues by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The m6A methylation status of total RNA was measured by m6A RNA methylation quantification kit. Small interfering RNA was used to establish METTL3 knockdown cell lines. We also measure the proliferation and migration capability GC cell. Furthermore, we detect the epithelial cell mesenchymal transition marker and m6A methylation level after METTL3 knock down. Our result revealed that METTL3 was significantly increased in GC tissues compared with control in big crowd data sets. Survival analysis showed that METTL3 serve as a poor prognostic factor for GC patients. The expression level of METTL3 gradually increased with the progress of tumor stage and grade. GFI1 is an important transcription factor associated with METTL3. We verified the up‐trend of METTL3 in messenger RNA and protein expression and observed a significant increase in the m6A methylation status of total RNA in the GC cells and tissues. METTL3 knockdown inhibited total RNA m6A methylation level, as well as cell proliferation and migration capacity. Moreover, METTL3 knockdown decreased α‐smooth muscle actin. Taken together, our finding revealed that m6A methylation writer METTL3 serve as an oncogene in tumorigenesis of GC.
Identify METTL3 as the main research target molecule.
Given the current background of ongoing environmental and resource issues, the increased exploitation of clean and renewable energy could help to alleviate the energy crisis, as well as contributing ...to emissions reduction and environmental protection, and so promote future sustainable development. This study explores to reveal the climatic long term trends of the China Sea wave power and significant wave height (SWH) for the period 1988–2011, using a WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) hindcast wave data. The regional difference and seasonal difference of the variation are also presented firstly. Results show that, (1) The China Sea exhibits a significant overall increasing trend in the wave power density (0.2012 (kW/m)/yr) and the SWH (1.52cm/yr) for the period 1988 to 2011. (2) There is a noticeable increasing trend in most parts of the China Sea, of 0.1–0.7 (kW/m)/yr in wave power density and 0.5–4.5cm/yr in SWH. Areas with strong increasing trend distribute in the Ryukyu Islands waters, Taiwan Strait and north of the South China Sea (SCS), especially in the Dongsha Islands waters. (3) There is a noticeable seasonal difference in the variation of both SWH and wave power density. The variation in different waters is dominated by the different seasons. The increasing trend of SWH in DJF and MAM is obviously stronger than that in JJA and SON. The increasing trend of wave power density in DJF is stronger than that in other seasons.
Abstract
The oxidized platinum (Pt) can exhibit better electrocatalytic activity than metallic Pt
0
in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which has aroused great interest in exploring the role of ...oxygen in Pt-based catalysts. Herein, we select two structurally well-defined polyoxometalates Na
5
H
3
Pt
(IV)
W
6
O
24
(PtW
6
O
24
) and Na
3
K
5
Pt
(II)
2
(W
5
O
18
)
2
(Pt
2
(W
5
O
18
)
2
) as the platinum oxide model to investigate the HER performance. Electrocatalytic experiments show the mass activities of PtW
6
O
24
/C and Pt
2
(W
5
O
18
)
2
/C are 20.175 A mg
−1
and 10.976 A mg
−1
at 77 mV, respectively, which are better than that of commercial 20% Pt/C (0.398 A mg
−1
). The in situ synchrotron radiation experiments and DFT calculations suggest that the elongated Pt-O bond acts as the active site during the HER process, which can accelerate the coupling of proton and electron and the rapid release of H
2
. This work complements the knowledge boundary of Pt-based electrocatalytic HER, and suggests another way to update the state-of-the-art electrocatalyst.
Synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) switches are powerful synthetic biological tools that can sense cellular molecules to manipulate cell fate. However, their performances are limited by high output ...signal noise due to leaky output protein expression. Here, we designed a readout control module that disables protein leakage from generating signal. Aptamer array on the switch guides the inactive output protein to self‐assemble into functional assemblies that generate output signal. Leaky protein expression fails to saturate the array, thus produces marginal signal. In this study, we demonstrated that switches with this module exhibit substantially lower signal noise and, consequently, higher input sensitivity and wider output range. Such switches are applicable for different types of input molecules and output proteins. The work here demonstrates a new type of spatially guided protein self‐assembly, affording novel synthetic mRNA switches that promise accurate cell manipulation for biomedical applications.
Output signal noise, resulting from leaky protein expression, hampers the ability of synthetic mRNA switches to accurately manipulate cellular functions. Using an aptamer array as a scaffold to guide the formation of a functional protein assembly, a readout control module was designed that only allows output signal generation when the output protein is expressed in a sufficiently large amount to facilitate self‐assembly on the aptamer array. Synthetic mRNA switches with this module exhibit low‐to‐no signal noise and better performance in cells.
AbstractSurface soil erosion is one of the most common slope degradation processes. In this study, microbial calcification (MC), a stimulated natural biocementation process, was investigated for its ...feasibility as a sandy-slope surface erosion control method. An artificial model slope at 30° was treated by MC via the surface spraying method at three cementation solution concentrations (0.2, 1.0, and 2.0 M). Simulated rainfall was sprayed on the slope surface at 5 mm/min for 30 min. Results show that MC treatment with 0.2- and 1.0-M cementation solution improves surface erosion resistance in terms of observed erosion pattern with time, soil loss weight and rate, and outflow properties. However, MC treatment with 2.0-M cementation solution does not improve surface erosion resistance. Instead, substantial soil loss is observed under rainfall impact while soil is washed away in cemented aggregates. At the end of the rainfall erosion test, microstructural features of the surface samples were identified by scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. It is found that the effectiveness of MC for sandy-slope surface erosion control is determined by (1) overall CaCO3 precipitation content, (2) treatment depth, and (3) competence between CaCO3 crystal growth and nucleation process.
Based on previous studies about microflora regulation and immunity enhancement activities of polysaccharides from
Nannf. var.
(Nannf.) L. T. Shen (CPP), there is little study on intestinal mucosal ...immunity, which is a possible medium for contacting microflora and immunity. In the present study, the BALB/c mice were divided into five groups (eight mice in each group), including a normal group (Con), a model control group (Model), and model groups that were administered CPP (50, 100, 200 mg/kg/d) orally each day for seven days after intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg BW/d cyclophosphamide (CP) for three days. CPP recovered the spleen index and restored the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10, as well as serum IgG. In addition, it elevated ileum secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), the number of
and acetic acid content in cecum. These results indicated that CPP plays an important role in the protection against immunosuppression, especially mucosa immune damage, and the inhibition of pathogenic bacteria colonization, which could be considered a potential natural source of immunoregulator.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a devastating disease worldwide. Though many efforts have been made to elucidate the process of HCC, its molecular mechanisms of development remain elusive due to ...its complexity. To explore the stepwise carcinogenic process from pre-neoplastic lesions to the end stage of HCC, we employed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) which has been proved to be an effective method in many diseases to detect co-expressed modules and hub genes using eight pathological stages including normal, cirrhosis without HCC, cirrhosis, low-grade dysplastic, high-grade dysplastic, very early and early, advanced HCC and very advanced HCC. Among the eight consecutive pathological stages, five representative modules are selected to perform canonical pathway enrichment and upstream regulator analysis by using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software. We found that cell cycle related biological processes were activated at four neoplastic stages, and the degree of activation of the cell cycle corresponded to the deterioration degree of HCC. The orange and yellow modules enriched in energy metabolism, especially oxidative metabolism, and the expression value of the genes decreased only at four neoplastic stages. The brown module, enriched in protein ubiquitination and ephrin receptor signaling pathways, correlated mainly with the very early stage of HCC. The darkred module, enriched in hepatic fibrosis/hepatic stellate cell activation, correlated with the cirrhotic stage only. The high degree hub genes were identified based on the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and were verified by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The novel five high degree hub genes signature that was identified in our study may shed light on future prognostic and therapeutic approaches. Our study brings a new perspective to the understanding of the key pathways and genes in the dynamic changes of HCC progression. These findings shed light on further investigations.
Let M be a Liouville 6‐manifold which is the smooth fiber of a Lefschetz fibration on C4 constructed by suspending a Lefschetz fibration on C3. We prove that for many examples including ...stabilizations of Milnor fibers of hypersurface cusp singularities, the compact Fukaya category F(M) and the wrapped Fukaya category W(M) are related through A∞‐Koszul duality, by identifying them with cyclic and Calabi–Yau completions of the same quiver algebra. This implies the split‐generation of the compact Fukaya category F(M) by vanishing cycles. Moreover, new examples of Liouville manifolds which admit quasi‐dilations in the sense of Seidel–Solomon are obtained.
Data mining of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data has significantly facilitated cancer genome research and provided unprecedented opportunities for cancer researchers. However, existing web ...applications for DNA methylation analysis does not adequately address the need of experimental biologists, and many additional functions are often required.
To facilitate DNA methylation analysis, we present the SMART (Shiny Methylation Analysis Resource Tool) App, a user-friendly and easy-to-use web application for comprehensively analyzing the DNA methylation data of TCGA project. The SMART App integrates multi-omics and clinical data with DNA methylation and provides key interactive and customized functions including CpG visualization, pan-cancer methylation profile, differential methylation analysis, correlation analysis and survival analysis for users to analyze the DNA methylation in diverse cancer types in a multi-dimensional manner.
The SMART App serves as a new approach for users, especially wet-bench scientists with no programming background, to analyze the scientific big data and facilitate data mining. The SMART App is available at http://www.bioinfo-zs.com/smartapp.
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