Biological activity of sludge systems at microscale level is extensively used for effective wastewater treatment. The creation of nature-like artificial ecosystems with a large species diversity is a ...key point for biocenosis adjusting ability in the municipal wastewater treatment structures. The aim of the study presented is to model at the laboratory scale and to study a stability of active sludge mixed biocenosis physiological state during its aging. The measurements performed using the flow model of aeration tank-mixer with built-in sump.
A general growth in the polymers production and consumption leads to an increase in the new types of wastes. In conjunction with the lack of secondary recycling power this fact is being a reason for ...appearance of a new processes that is potentially destructive for the environment. In particular, plastic wastes that is being stored in the wastewater of a large cities under a combination of aggressive factors action such as humidity, mechanical and UV-erosion degrades into a small-size particles, famously known as microplastics (MP). The study presented is devoted to the methodology development for acquisition, quantitative and qualitative analysis of wastewater derived microplastics. An experimental part deals with real wastewater samples collected at different infrastructurally-important objects of Rostov-on-Don and Aksai cities. For all the sampling locations the presence of urban-generated MP particles is approved. The results show that the research methods used are able to satisfy the output data quality conditions. However, the significant time and cost consumption of the research chain developed limits its wide practical application.
The development of a large city regions has a noticeable dependence of a local ecological situation. To motivate their stable growth and to create human-friendly environment the technologies of ...nature regeneration is needed. One of the approaches available is the implementation of hinged water modular systems containing a filtering higher plants. Among the practical consequences of this method – the prevention of water flowering that is especially useful for in-city reservoirs. The paper presented is devoted to investigation of a stepped mesh structure of this type that holds a plantings of water hyacinth. The macromorphological characteristics of the colonies attached to the assessment of nitrogen-transforming biocenosis according to the total index of species diversity were studied. The results show that the redox capacity reserves of phytostructure biomodules are more than 40% while the nitrification efficiency is about 90%. In addition to plant adsorption effect the increased formation of activated sludge takes place. The concept allows to start an effective exploitation immediately after the placement and leads to significant financial economy after the first year of using. In general, the approach presented is easily adaptable and can be used for most of the existing in-city water reservoirs.
In this article, I am going to focus on how the radical nationalist movement in Russia fares in the current situation, given the political consolidation of the current regime, and the war in Ukraine
...and the government’s reaction to it. The article describes the situation as it stood at the end of 2014, which makes it predictably incomprehensive because new updates on the conflict still arrive every day, and there has also been more news about Russian ultra-right forces over the past few months.
Biosensors based on an oxygen electrode, a mediator electrode, and a mediator microbial biofuel cell (MFC) using the bacteria
B-1280 were formed and tested to determine the integral toxicity.
...bacteria exhibited high sensitivity to the toxic effects of phenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, salicylic and trichloroacetic acid, and a number of heavy metal ions. The system "
bacteria-ferrocene-graphite-paste electrode" was superior in sensitivity to biosensors formed using an oxygen electrode and MFC, in particular regarding heavy metal ions (EC
of Cr
, Mn
and Cd
was 0.8 mg/dm
, 0.3 mg/dm
and 1.6 mg/dm
, respectively). It was determined that the period of stable functioning of electrochemical systems during measurements was reduced by half (from 30 to 15 days) due to changes in the enzyme system of microbial cells when exposed to toxicants. Samples of the products made from polymeric materials were analyzed using developed biosensor systems and standard biotesting methods based on inhibiting the growth of duckweed
, reducing the motility of bull sperm, and quenching the luminescence of the commercial test system "Ecolum". The developed bioelectrocatalytic systems were comparable in sensitivity to commercial biosensors, which made it possible to correlate the results and identify, by all methods, a highly toxic sample containing diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate according to GC-MS data.
Significant environmental impacts of mining activities connected with high-sulfur materials result from the production of acid mine drainage and potentially toxic elements, which easily migrate to ...adjacent ecosystems due to the typical absence of vegetation on spoil heaps and toeslope talus mantle. In this paper, we present the results of the first comprehensive study of the ecosystems affected by acidic and metal-enriched (Al, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, and Zn) mine drainage conducted at spoil heaps and adjacent talus mantle under semihumid climate conditions within the Moscow Brown Coal Basin (Central Russian Upland, Tula Region, Russia). A total of 162 samples were collected, including 98 soil samples, 42 surface water samples, and 22 plant samples (aerial tissues of birch). Coal talus mantle materials of Regosols were characterized by the increased concentration of water-soluble Ca, K, Mg, and S, and all mobile fractions of Al, Co, S, and Zn. The chemical composition of birch samples within the zones affected by acid mine drainage differed insignificantly from those in the unpolluted ecosystems with black soils, due to the high tolerance of birch to such conditions. Differences between the affected and undisturbed sites in terms of the chemical composition decreased in the following order: waters > soils > plants. The geochemical characterization of plants and soils in coal mining areas is essential for the mitigation of negative consequences of mining activities.
The results of a survey of the background parasitic characteristics on individual structures of the municipal sewage treatment plant are given. It is established that 27% of the grids and sand trap ...are retained, the effectiveness of the retention in the biological treatment facilities after the secondary settling tank corresponded to 61.9%. Helminth eggs are mostly concentrated in sewage sludge, to a large extent maintaining their viability (90%). An imitating model of the process of disinvasion of sewage and sediments was developed, represented by a network diagram for sewage treatment fa-cilities. In production conditions, an experiment was performed to determine the influence of exter-nal factors on the efficiency of dehelmintization by the plant reagent.
The article is focused on the psychological and pedagogical teaching technologies as those having important methodological principles including not only traditional systematic, information and ...action-related approaches, but also psychological follow-up in teaching and learning. The complex of pedagogical and psychological approaches seems highly innovative since it provides an important synergetic effect for the present-day teaching. The article considers the notion of psychological and pedagogical follow-up, its definition and contents as seemed to be more appropriate and correct in the view of the methodology of teaching, training and learning in higher vocational institutions. The empirical sample research material includes the analysis of activities set up and carried out in the Vladimir branch of Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation since 2014, and the results of the student survey focused on their satisfaction in psychological assistance. The 2014-2019 experience of the university makes it possible to implement the innovative model of the psychological and pedagogical follow-up for students of economics which centers on the patterns of intellectual and personal identity of future professionals and helps to deal with psychological issues, improve the efficiency of teaching and learning and benefit from the socio-cultural experience in different educational contexts and environments.
The modern landscape of a large city is a complex, dynamically changing environment with a constant influence of environmental, social and economic factors. The gradual historical development of the ...territory and the change in urban processes led to the formation of a city containing mixed-type areas, i.e. border territories and separate zones - industrial, residential, intermediate. In Russia, the improvement of coastal zones in large cities has become an urgent task when adjusting master plans for the development of territories 1-5. The main component of such projects is the development of a concept for the renovation of coastal zones into generally accessible natural and recreational recreation areas based on water bodies within the urban planning. The creation of recreations, recreation areas, the formation of a system of pedestrian communications, the opening of residential complexes to the water, the integration of water into public urban spaces 2-6. A comprehensive analysis of theoretical studies and design experience made it possible to highlight the properties of water used in architecture and urban planning. Thus, the development of a promising bioclimatic model of urban settlements of the third millennium will be based on ecological design, which includes part of the processes of the circulation of substances and energy, as well as harmony in the environment 6-9.
An important problem of modem society is the provision of the population with ecologically clean food products in quantity, range and quality, which guarantees an increase in their living standards ...and preservation of health. The solution to this problem is possible with the effective functioning of food market, dynamic development of agro-industrial complex, including production of marketable fish. Significant reserves for increasing fish production are water bodies existing in rural areas and new ponds being built on lands unsuitable for growing agricultural crops. As practice shows, when using inconvenient land for animal husbandry, we can get the following increase in cattle meat (kg/ha): in low-lying wetlands – 42, steppe, semi-steppe, desert pastures – 20. At the same time, from 1 hectare of pond mirrors built on such lands, an average of 200-300 kg of fish is obtained due to natural fish productivity, and with the use of fertilizers, various methods of reclamation and feeding fish up to 1000-1500 kg/ha. However, on the way to increasing fish productivity is the problem of ensuring water quality of the water body. Thus, the study of the causes and sequence of stages of pollution of water bodies determined the relevance of the research topic 1-3.
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