The objective of change detection (CD) is to identify the altered region between dual-temporal images. In pursuit of more precise change maps, numerous state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods design neural ...networks with robust discriminative capabilities. The convolutional neural network (CNN)-transformer model is specifically designed to integrate the strengths of the CNN and transformer, facilitating effective coupling of feature information. However, previous CNN-transformer studies have not effectively mitigated the interference of feature distribution differences as well as pseudovariations between two images due to cloud occlusion, imaging conditions, and other factors. In this article, we propose a domain adaptive and interactive differential attention network (DA-IDANet). This model incorporates domain adaptive constraints (DACs) to mitigate the interference of pseudovariations by mapping the two images to the same deep feature space for feature alignment. Furthermore, we designed the interactive differential attention module (IDAM), which effectively improves the feature representation and promotes the coupling of interactive differential discriminant information, thereby minimizing the impact of irrelevant information. Experiments on four datasets demonstrate the superior validity and robustness of our proposed model compared to other SOTA methods, as evident from both quantitative analysis and qualitative comparisons. The code will be available online ( https://github.com/Jyl199904/DA-IDANet ).
•The coatings prepared by TC4 + WC powder is better than that by WC powder.•The new phases (W2C, W, TiC) are observed during laser cladded WC + TC4 process.•Different C content and microstructure ...exist under different pre-placed powder.
Ti-6Al-4V/WC metal matrix composite (MMC) coatings provide an adequate solution for high wear resistance application of Ti-6Al-4V. Laser cladding process, which has been extensively researched as an advanced repairing and strengthening technology, is considered to be an important candidate to combine the ductile metal matrix and high surface properties. In this study, the powder-presetting laser cladding technology was employed to fabricate WC particles reinforced MMC coatings applying pre-placed pure WC powder layers and Ti-6Al-4V/WC powder layers, respectively. These experiments were performed to investigate the influence of the pre-placed powder layers on the Ti-6Al-4V/WC MMC coatings. The morphology, microscopic characteristics and microhardness of the coatings were scrutinized using optical microscopy, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy and Vickers hardness tester. The experimental results show that the coatings fabricated from pre-placed Ti-6Al-4V/WC powder are enhanced more obviously in comparison with pure WC powder, which is related to the more uniform distribution of WC, smooth morphology of coatings and homogeneous distribution of microhardness.
In this study, the laser cladding system with an IPG YLS-6000 fiber laser was used, and the WC–Ti6Al4V powder reinforced composite coatings on Ti6Al4V titanium alloy with various bionic structures ...were innovatively fabricated. The microstructures and surface damage behavior of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Additionally, the wear resistance of different bionic structures was evaluated, which had not been comprehensively explored in the published literature. The results indicated that the un-melted WC particles in the coatings act as a hard reinforcement, avoiding serious wear of the coating. In addition, the hard coatings exhibit excellent deformation resistance and the soft substrate cushion the shear stress. So when the “Ratio”, which refers to the laser cladding area to sample area, is between 0.25 and 0.3, the sample has the highest wear resistance. Furthermore, the “Dot + Line” bionic structure has the best wear resistance compared with other structures. The separated line units and the addition of dot units can improve the stress concentration state of bionic structure are conducive to release the stress to the substrate under the cladding layer.
Graphic Abstract
MiRNA have been found to play a role in a plethora of cellular processes of cancer cells such as cell apoptosis, cell proliferation, invasion, migration metabolism and stem cell differentiation. ...Dysregulation of miR-146b-5p has been documented in a variety of human malignancies. However, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of miR-146b-5p in ovarian cancer remain unknown. In this study, our results show that miR-146b-5p was unregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues compared with the adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Ectopic overexpression of miR-146b-5p in CRC promoted cell growth, invasion and glycolysis, while knockdown of miR-146b-5p inhibited the growth, invasion and glycolysis of CRC cells. The oncogenic effect of miR-146b-5p is also confirmed in vivo. Mechanically, miR-146b-5p targets the 3'-UTR of pyruvate dehydrogenase B (PDHB) and exerts oncogenic effect. Overexpression of PDHB abolished the oncogenic effects of miR-146b-5p on the growth, invasion and glycolysis of CRC cells. Taken together, our results show that miR-146b-5p is an oncogenic miRNA in CRC which exerts its effect by directly targeting PDHB.
Reactions of CuX (X = Br(-), I(-) or CN(-)) with various types of 2,2'-dipyridylamine (dpa) derivatives have been performed via a hydrothermal-solvothermal method and the products have been ...structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Four ligands with different coordination motifs were employed in the reactions, including angular N,N,N',N'-tetra(2-pyridyl)-2,6-pyridinediamine (tppda); linear N,N,N',N'-tetra(2-pyridyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine (tppa) and N,N,N',N'-tetra(2-pyridyl)biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (tpbpa); and star-shaped tris-4-(2,2'-dipyridylamino)-phenylamine (tdpa), which yielded eight copper(I) complexes exhibiting different stoichiometries of Cu-dpa and variable coordination modes of dpa. The compound Cu(2)(tppda)(μ-I)(2)(n) (1) forms a one dimensional (1D) coordination polymer exclusively through double μ(2)-I bridges, which arranges to two dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) via the face-to-face π···π stacking interactions from pyridyl rings. The compound Cu(6)(tppa)(μ(3)-Br)(6)(n) (2) forms a 2D network linked through multiple μ(3)-Br bridges. The compound Cu(2)(tppa)(μ-CN)(2)(n) (3) is also a 2D MOF containing 1D (CuCN)(n) chains. The compounds Cu(tpbpa)Br(n) (4) and Cu(4)(tpbpa)(2)(μ-I)(4)(n) (5) display two different 1D assemblies: a zig-zag chain for 4 and a linear structure for 5. The compound Cu(4)(tpbpa)(μ-CN)(4)(n) (6) shows a pseudo-4,8(2) topological net, while the compound Cu(8)(tpbpa)(μ-CN)(8)(n)·2nH(2)O (7) exhibits a three-dimensional (3D) framework containing a ···PM··· double helical structure, although both of them contain (CuCN)(n) chains. The compound Cu(2)(tdpa)(μ-I)(2)(n) (8) is a zig-zag chain based on the star-shaped molecule tpda, in which one of three dpa-arms is free of coordination to metal ions. All complexes exhibit luminescence in the solid state.
Reactions of CuX (X = Br
, I
or CN
) with various types of 2,2-dipyridylamine (dpa) derivatives have been performed
via
a hydrothermalsolvothermal method and the products have been structurally ...characterized by X-ray crystallography. Four ligands with different coordination motifs were employed in the reactions, including angular
N
,
N
,
N
,
N
-tetra(2-pyridyl)-2,6-pyridinediamine (
tppda
); linear
N
,
N
,
N
,
N
-tetra(2-pyridyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine (
tppa
) and
N
,
N
,
N
,
N
-tetra(2-pyridyl)biphenyl-4,4-diamine (
tpbpa
); and star-shaped tris-4-(2,2-dipyridylamino)-phenylamine (
tdpa
), which yielded eight copper(
i
) complexes exhibiting different stoichiometries of Cudpa and variable coordination modes of dpa. The compound
Cu
2
(
tppda
)(-I)
2
n
(
1
) forms a one dimensional (1D) coordination polymer exclusively through double
2
-I bridges, which arranges to two dimensional (2D) metalorganic frameworks (MOFs)
via
the face-to-face stacking interactions from pyridyl rings. The compound
Cu
6
(
tppa
)(
3
-Br)
6
n
(
2
) forms a 2D network linked through multiple
3
-Br bridges. The compound
Cu
2
(
tppa
)(-CN)
2
n
(
3
) is also a 2D MOF containing 1D (CuCN)
n
chains. The compounds
Cu(
tpbpa
)Br
n
(
4
) and
Cu
4
(
tpbpa
)
2
(-I)
4
n
(
5
) display two different 1D assemblies: a zig-zag chain for
4
and a linear structure for
5
. The compound
Cu
4
(
tpbpa
)(-CN)
4
n
(
6
) shows a pseudo-4,8
2
topological net, while the compound
Cu
8
(
tpbpa
)(-CN)
8
n
2
n
H
2
O
(
7
) exhibits a three-dimensional (3D) framework containing a
PM
double helical structure, although both of them contain (CuCN)
n
chains. The compound
Cu
2
(
tdpa
)(-I)
2
n
(
8
) is a zig-zag chain based on the star-shaped molecule
tpda
, in which one of three dpa-arms is free of coordination to metal ions. All complexes exhibit luminescence in the solid state.
The reaction of CuX (X = Br
, I
or CN
) with various types of 2,2-dipyridylamine (dpa) derivatives has been performed by using a hydrothermalsolvothermal method. They exhibit different stoichiometries of Cudpa and variable coordination modes of dpa by controlling the reaction conditions.
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