Congenital scoliosis is an early-onset spinal deformity cauded by somitogenesis abnormalities. This disease is characterized by rapidly progressing in deformities, often accompanied by concurrent ...organ malformations. Current treatments include conservative treatment and surgical treatment. Various imaging technology-X-ray, CT, and MRI are used in the diagnosis of the disease. The majority of congential scoliosis deformities has a progressive nature so that close observation is vital and effective at the beginning. In cases of moderate congential scoliosis, non-invasive interventions, such as bracing and traction are effective. In surgery, factors such as age, growth potential and the specific location and type of deformity of individual patients are the basis for using such surgical procedures as epiphysiodesis, hemivertebra resection, growth-friendly techniques, and hybrid techniques in treatment. This paper makes a summery of the etiology pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of the congential scoliosis.
In recent years, with the rapid development of digestive endoscopy technology, new endoscopic diagnosis and treatment techniques and methods for gallbladder diseases have emerged, showing unique ...advantages, vitality and good application prospects. It can be predicted that the diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder diseases in the future will be more diversified and more minimally invasive, and the diagnosis and treatment strategy will be more individual rather than "one-size-fits-all". Endoscopic gallbladder technology is expected to become another important method after the era of laparoscopic gallbladder surgery, or even a milestone method. Although the current gallbladder endoscopy technology is still in the development stage, it still faces many problems and challenges. However, opportunities often coexist with challenges, and this trend seems unstoppable in any case.
Person re-identification (ReID) is an important task in wide area video surveillance which focuses on identifying people across different cameras. Recently, deep learning networks with a triplet loss ...become a common framework for person ReID. However, the triplet loss pays main attentions on obtaining correct orders on the training set. It still suffers from a weaker generalization capability from the training set to the testing set, thus resulting in inferior performance. In this paper, we design a quadruplet loss, which can lead to the model output with a larger inter-class variation and a smaller intra-class variation compared to the triplet loss. As a result, our model has a better generalization ability and can achieve a higher performance on the testing set. In particular, a quadruplet deep network using a margin-based online hard negative mining is proposed based on the quadruplet loss for the person ReID. In extensive experiments, the proposed network outperforms most of the state-of-the-art algorithms on representative datasets which clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of our proposed method.
•Olive (Olea europaea) is a rich source of valuable bioactive polyphenols.•Concentrations of 12 major polyphenols were measured.•Both of second-generation RNA-seq and full-length transcriptome were ...used.•232 alternative splicing events were analyzed for the first time in olive.
Olive (Olea europaea) is a rich source of valuable bioactive polyphenols, which has attracted widespread interest. In this study, we combined targeted metabolome, Pacbio ISOseq transcriptome, and Illumina RNA-seq transcriptome to investigate the association between polyphenols and gene expression in the developing olive fruits and leaves. A total of 12 main polyphenols were measured, and 122 transcripts of 17 gene families, 101 transcripts of 9 gene families, and 106 transcripts of 6 gene families that encode for enzymes involved in flavonoid, oleuropein, and hydroxytyrosol biosynthesis were separately identified. Additionally, 232 alternative splicing events of 18 genes related to polyphenol synthesis were analyzed. This is the first time that the third generations of full-length transcriptome technology were used to study the gene expression pattern of olive fruits and leaves. The results of transcriptome combined with targeted metabolome can help us better understand the polyphenol biosynthesis pathways in the olive.
Distal arthrogryposis is a rare disease caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in muscle fiber contraction. Its joint contracture mainly involves distal joint contracture, and ...scoliosis is often accompanied by pelvic tilt and abnormal lordosis.This article reviewed the clinical characteristics of a patient with distal arthrogryposis combined with scoliosis. The patient was a 14-year-old male. His back was found that uneven 6 years ago for no obvious reason, and his scoliosis was gradually worsened. The patient had flexion contractures of both hands and bilateral knees since childhood, and no special treatment was given. There was no obvious restriction in the movement of the spine, the thoracic segment was convex on the right side, and the lumbar segment was convex on the left side. The genetic diagnosis was MYL11 gene mutation, which was consistent with the clinical manifestations of distal arthrogryposis combined with scoliosis. Posterior scoliosis correction and growing rod placement were
Temporal modeling is key for action recognition in videos. It normally considers both short-range motions and long-range aggregations. In this paper, we propose a Temporal Excitation and Aggregation ...(TEA) block, including a motion excitation (ME) module and a multiple temporal aggregation (MTA) module, specifically designed to capture both short- and long-range temporal evolution. In particular, for short-range motion modeling, the ME module calculates the feature-level temporal differences from spatiotemporal features. It then utilizes the differences to excite the motion-sensitive channels of the features. The long-range temporal aggregations in previous works are typically achieved by stacking a large number of local temporal convolutions. Each convolution processes a local temporal window at a time. In contrast, the MTA module proposes to deform the local convolution to a group of sub-convolutions, forming a hierarchical residual architecture. Without introducing additional parameters, the features will be processed with a series of sub-convolutions, and each frame could complete multiple temporal aggregations with neighborhoods. The final equivalent receptive field of temporal dimension is accordingly enlarged, which is capable of modeling the long-range temporal relationship over distant frames. The two components of the TEA block are complementary in temporal modeling. Finally, our approach achieves impressive results at low FLOPs on several action recognition benchmarks, such as Kinetics, Something-Something, HMDB51, and UCF101, which confirms its effectiveness and efficiency.
Equilibrium conformational properties of a ring polymer (named by ‘inner ring’) simultaneously concatenated with a varying number of outer rings in a ‘flower’-shaped polymer catenane are explored by ...molecular dynamics simulations. Two different cases have been considered. In Case I, the excluded volume interactions between the outer rings are absent in a polymer catenane, while they are present in Case II. Results demonstrate that, compared to an isolated ring polymer, size and shape properties of the same, inner ring in a polymer catenane can be greatly modified by the catenation topology in both Cases. It is concluded that the topological catenation can induce a swelling of the inner ring in a catenane compared to the same ring in isolation. Importantly, scaling relationships between the swelling degree, fsw, of the inner ring and number of the outer rings, n, have been established in both Case I and Case II, fsw=anα, where the prefactor a and scaling exponent α are all predominantly dependent on molecular-weight ratio of the inner to outer rings in catenane. Besides, swelling of inner ring in a catenane of Case II is more pronounced than the same inner ring in a catenane of Case I. The mean asphericity of the inner ring is slightly increased due to the catenation topology, while its mean prolateness is remarkably modified by the catenation topology. The inner ring in a catenane becomes more oblate, compared to the same ring in isolation, with increasing either number or molecular weight of the outer rings in the catenane. Profiles of the mean prolateness changes of the inner ring from those of the same isolated ring with respect to number of the outer rings are also mainly controlled by the molecular-weight ratio of the inner to outer rings.
•Ring polymer swells when it is simultaneously concatenated with a number of other ring polymers.•Ring polymer gets more aspherical and oblate when it is concatenated with more ring polymers.
Terahertz functional devices have been instrumental in the development of terahertz technology. Moreover, the advent of metamaterials has greatly contributed to the advancement of terahertz devices. ...However, most of today's metamaterials in the terahertz band exhibit poor performance and are mono-functional. This greatly limits the scalability and application potential of the devices. To achieve diversification and tunability of device functionality, we propose a combination of metamaterial structures and vanadium dioxide film. A metamaterial absorber based on the thermotropic phase change material VO
has been designed. Flexible switching of absorption performance (complete reflection and ultra-broadband perfect absorption) can be achieved through temperature adjustment. Moreover, the perfectly absorbed bandwidth is a staggering 3.3 THz. The thermal tuning of spectral absorbance has a maximal range of 0.01 to 0.999. The shift in absorption properties is explained by the phase change process of vanadium oxide (MIT). The electric field intensity on the absorber surface at different temperatures was monitored and analysed as a way to correlate the VO
film phase transition process. The impedance matching theory is applied to explain the high level of absorption generated by the absorber. Finally, the effects of the structural parameters on the performance of the absorber are analysed. This work will have many applications in the terahertz field and offers a wide range of ideas for the design of terahertz-enabled devices.
Using a coprecipitation method to form Ni–Me–Al–Mg–O composite, Ni–Me (Me = Co, Fe, Cu, or Mn) bimetallic catalysts were prepared for carbon dioxide reforming of methane. Catalyst screening with the ...reforming reaction showed that Ni–Co bimetallic catalyst had superior performance in terms of activity and stability to other Ni–Me combinations. In a 2000 h stability test under the conditions of 750 °C, 1 atm, and GHSV of 110,000 mL/g
cat-h (0.05 g of catalyst and 5.5 L/h gas flow rate), Ni–Co catalyst showed very stable performance with very low carbon formation. Reducing Ni and Co content from 6.1 and 9.3 to 3.6 and 4.9 mol% (metal base), respectively, rendered to completely eliminate carbon deposition for up to 250 h. Catalyst characterization was conducted using ICP-MS, BET, XRD, H
2-TPR, CO
2-TPD, CO-chemisorption, TEM, and TG. It is believed that the synergy between Ni and Co can significantly improve catalyst performance and reduce carbon formation. A high metal dispersion or small ensemble size can be enhanced by reducing the Ni–Co content. The high activity and excellent stability of Ni–Co catalyst was closely related to its high metal dispersion, strong metal–support interaction, and formation of stable solid solutions.
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