Cryptotympana atrata is a common insect pest found in forest ecosystem throughout East and South Asia. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of one individual was determined using ...high-throughput sequencing. The mitogenome is 15,338 bp in length with an A + T content of 77.9%, and contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and one control region (CR or D-loop). The gene arrangement and composition is similar to other published mitogenomes of Cicadidae. The concatenated PCGs were used to conduct Bayesian phylogenetic analyses together with several related Cicadidae with mitogenome data in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis shows that two species (C. atrata and C. facialis) and Auritibicen bihamatus were herein corroborated to be the tribe of Cryptotympanini. Our results show the location of genus Cryptotympana in Cicadinae and the location of the subfamily in Cicadidae, and provide data for further study of phylogeny in Hemiptera.
•This paper chooses consecutive dissolved gases data (CDGD) as indexer for transformer diagnosis, which encapsulates more plentiful characteristics reflecting the real condition of transformer.•A ...novel structure called multichannel consecutive data cross-extraction (MCDC) is proposed, which aims to comprehensively harness the intrinsic characteristics of CDGD by successionally exploit the hidden token-wised emphasis and coherence in various dimensions of CDGD clued by information carried on other dimensions.•A 1-dimensional convolution neural network attention (1DCNN-attention) mechanism is introduced and integrated into MCDC to enhance the applicability in transformer diagnosis scenarios.•This paper verifies the superior generalization ability of deep learning methods. This sort of ability is of great significance when there are needs for transfer diagnostics across voltage levels. MCDC achieves the best generalization performance.
Power transformer plays a critical role in grid infrastructure, and its diagnosis is paramount for maintaining stable operation. However, the current methods for transformer diagnosis focus on discrete dissolved gas analysis, neglecting deep feature extraction of multichannel consecutive data. The unutilized sequential data contains the significant temporal information reflecting the transformer condition. In light of this, the structure of multichannel consecutive data cross-extraction (MCDC) is proposed in this article in order to comprehensively exploit the intrinsic characteristic and evaluate the states of transformer. Moreover, for the better accommodation in scenario of transformer diagnosis, one dimensional convolution neural network attention (1DCNN-attention) mechanism is introduced and offers a more efficient solution given the simplified spatial complexity. Finally, the effectiveness of MCDC and the superior generalization ability, compared with other algorithms, are validated in experiments conducted on a dataset collected from real operation cases of power transformer. Additionally, the better stability of 1DCNN-attention has also been certified.
Osteoclasts (OCs), the only cells capable of remodeling bone, can demineralize calcium minerals biologically. Naive OCs have limitations for the removal of ectopic calcification, such as in ...heterotopic ossification (HO), due to their restricted activity, migration and poor adhesion to sites of ectopic calcification. HO is the formation of pathological mature bone within extraskeletal soft tissues, and there are currently no reliable methods for removing these unexpected calcified plaques. In the present study, we develop a chemical approach to modify OCs with tetracycline (TC) to produce engineered OCs (TC-OCs) with an enhanced capacity for targeting and adhering to ectopic calcified tissue due to a broad affinity for calcium minerals. Unlike naive OCs, TC-OCs are able to effectively remove HO both in vitro and in vivo. This achievement indicates that HO can be reversed using modified OCs and holds promise for engineering cells as "living treatment agents" for cell therapy.
Combining biomass, a clean and renewable energy source, with waste plastic, which serves as a good auxiliary fuel, can produce high-quality clean fuel. The performance of biomass-derived fuel can be ...improved by torrefaction. This study optimized the co-torrefaction of fungus bran and polypropylene (PP) waste plastic to obtain clean solid biofuel with high calorific value and low ash content (AC) using response surface methodology. Two sets of mixed biochars were investigated using a multiobjective optimization method: mass yield-higher heating value-ash content (MY-HHV-AC) and energy yield-ash content (EY-AC). PP increased the heat value, decreased AC, and acted as a binder. The optimal operating conditions regarding reaction temperature, reaction time, and PP blending ratio were 230.68 °C, 30 min, and 20%, respectively, for the MY-HHV-AC set and 220 °C, 30 min, 20%, respectively, for the EY-AC set. The MY-HHV-AC set had properties close to those of peat and lignite. Furthermore, compared with that of the pure biochar, the AC of the two sets decreased by 15.71% and 14.88%, respectively, indicating that the prepared mixed biochars served as ideal biofuels. Finally, a circular economy framework for biobriquette fuel was proposed and prospects for preparing pellets provided.
Abstract
Remote sensing of nighttime light can observe the artificial lights at night on the planet’s surface. The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Line Scan (DMSP-OLS) data ...(1992–2013) provide planet-scale nighttime light data over a long-time span and have been widely used in areas such as urbanization monitoring, socio-economic parameters estimation, and disaster assessment. However, due to the lack of an on-board calibration system, sensor design defects, limited light detection range, and inadequate quantization levels, the applications of DMSP-OLS data are greatly limited by interannual inconsistency, saturation, and blooming problems. To address these issues, we used the power function model based on pseudo-invariant feature, the saturation correction method based on regression model and radiance-calibrated data (SARMRC), and the self-adjusting model (SEAM) to improve the quality of DMSP data, and generated a Consistent and Corrected Nighttime Light dataset (CCNL 1992–2013). CCNL dataset shows good performance in interannual consistency, spatial details of urban centers, and light blooming, which is helpful to fully explore the application potentials of long time series nighttime light data.
Phosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient, plays a pivotal role in the growth and development of plants. However, the limited availability of phosphorus in soil presents significant challenges for ...crop productivity, especially when plants are subjected to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and extreme temperatures. Unraveling the intricate mechanisms through which phosphorus participates in the physiological responses of plants to abiotic stresses is essential to ensure the sustainability of agricultural production systems. This review aims to analyze the influence of phosphorus supply on various aspects of plant growth and plant development under hostile environmental conditions, with a special emphasis on stomatal development and operation. Furthermore, we discuss recently discovered genes associated with P-dependent stress regulation and evaluate the feasibility of implementing P-based agricultural practices to mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stress. Our objective is to provide molecular and physiological insights into the role of P in regulating plants' tolerance to abiotic stresses, underscoring the significance of efficient P use strategies for agricultural sustainability. The potential benefits and limitations of P-based strategies and future research directions are also discussed.
Organelle-nuclear retrograde signaling regulates gene expression, but its roles in specialized cells and integration with hormonal signaling remain enigmatic. Here we show that the SAL1-PAP ...(3'-phosphoadenosine 5'- phosphate) retrograde pathway interacts with abscisic acid (ABA) signaling to regulate stomatal closure and seed germination in
. Genetically or exogenously manipulating PAP bypasses the canonical signaling components ABA Insensitive 1 (ABI1) and Open Stomata 1 (OST1); priming an alternative pathway that restores ABA-responsive gene expression, ROS bursts, ion channel function, stomatal closure and drought tolerance in
-2. PAP also inhibits wild type and
-1 seed germination by enhancing ABA sensitivity. PAP-XRN signaling interacts with ABA, ROS and Ca
; up-regulating multiple ABA signaling components, including lowly-expressed Calcium Dependent Protein Kinases (CDPKs) capable of activating the anion channel SLAC1. Thus, PAP exhibits many secondary messenger attributes and exemplifies how retrograde signals can have broader roles in hormone signaling, allowing chloroplasts to fine-tune physiological responses.
Objective: Resveratrol has been confirmed to improve bone quality and delay osteoporosis, but the mechanisms have not been thoroughly elucidated. In this report, we investigated the osteogenic ...differentiation effect of resveratrol on senescent bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/ reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathway.
Methods: Cell senescence, viability, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs influenced by resveratrol were investigated and ROS production and AMPK expression were detected.
Results: Cell senescence, characterized by senescence β-galactosidase staining and senescence-related genes (p16, p21, and p53) expression, was attenuated by resveratrol. Cell viability, extracellular matrix calcification, and osteogenic-related genes expression were significantly enhanced after resveratrol treatment. ROS production in BMSCs was inhibited while AMPK expression was up-regulated by resveratrol. Inhibition of AMPK expression by compound C reduced resveratrol-prompted osteogenesis and ROS production down-regulation.
Conclusion: These results provide a potential mechanism involving AMPK activation/ROS inhibition signaling pathway in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs enhanced by resveratrol. It suggests that development of therapy towards ROS is an effective way for osteoporosis treatment.
The high-temperature hot air of hot blast stoves has an important effect on blast furnace ironmaking; it is one of the crucial factors that are used to assess the performance of hot blast stoves. In ...this study, a three-dimensional fluid flow heat transfer model combining turbulence, heat transfer, combustion, heat radiation, and heat exchange models was developed to assess the combustion and air supply characteristics of a new type of top combustion hot blast stove. The results indicate that nozzles that are alternately arranged in the same layer of the new hot blast stove caused rapid combustion reactions. In addition, it caused the high-temperature flue gas in the pre-combustion chamber to accelerate toward the combustion chamber, thereby eliminating the “eccentric swirl” of the traditional hot blast stove and improving the heat transfer efficiency and heat storage capacity. However, the “attachment effect” of the fluid still occurred in the new stove type, which led to an unreasonable temperature distribution inside the combustion chamber and regenerator. Therefore, an improved design of a top combustion hot blast stove was proposed in this paper. Using the developed numerical model, the performance of the new design was evaluated and compared with the original one.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potentially curative therapy for hematological malignancies. This beneficial effect is derived mainly from graft-versus-leukemia ...(GVL) effects mediated by alloreactive T cells. However, these alloreactive T cells can also induce graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a life-threatening complication after allo-HSCT. Significant progress has been made in the dissociation of GVL effects from GVHD by modulating alloreactive T cell immunity. However, many factors may influence alloreactive T cell responses in the host undergoing allo-HSCT, including the interaction of alloreactive T cells with both donor and recipient hematopoietic cells and host non-hematopoietic tissues, cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory mediators. Interferons (IFNs), including type I IFNs and IFN-γ, primarily produced by monocytes, dendritic cells and T cells, play essential roles in regulating alloreactive T cell differentiation and function. Many studies have shown pleiotropic effects of IFNs on allogeneic T cell responses during GVH reaction. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, are important to regulate IFNs' production and function during GVHD. In this review, we discuss recent findings from preclinical models and clinical studies that characterize T cell responses regulated by IFNs and epigenetic mechanisms, and further discuss pharmacological approaches that modulate epigenetic effects in the setting of allo-HSCT.
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