A Ni/Cu/boron-doped diamond (Ni/Cu/BDD) complex electrode for non-enzymatic glucose electrochemical detection was prepared by a simple two-step heat treatment method. Scanning electron microscopy ...(SEM), Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical workstation were used to characterize the surface morphology, composition and electrochemical properties of the electrode, respectively. The results showed that Ni reacted with BDD under high temperature catalytic conditions forming a porous structure, and stabilized Cu on the surface of BDD due to the superior wettability between Cu and Ni. Compared to Ni/BDD and Cu/BDD electrodes, Ni/Cu/BDD electrode exhibited enhanced catalytic activity in glucose detection, such as an extremely wide detection range (0.022–18.3mM), high sensitivity (1007.688 μAmM−1cm−2, which was 1.28 times higher than that of the Ni/BDD electrode), great selectivity and excellent long-term stability (93.3% after one month).
•The Ni/Cu/BDD electrode exhibits excellent long-term stability because nickel particles are embedded into the diamond forming a porous structure, which avoids the peel-off of Ni/Cu NPs during the detection.•The Ni/Cu/BDD exhibits enhanced catalytic activity compared with Ni/BDD owing to the addition of Cu nanoparticles.•The synergistic effect of nickel nanoparticles, copper nanoparticles and BDD films is well discussed for the first time.
A porous boron-doped diamond (pBDD) was made for immobilizing gold nanoparticles on BDD facets by a special process, wherein methods of magnetron sputtering and thermal catalytic treatment were ...utilized. Au nanoparticles are seated in the pores of pBDD facets and could be more stable during electrochemical tests. This hybrid structure significantly improved the electrochemical properties due to the introduction of Au nanoparticles and pores, which could increase the specific surface area. The cyclic voltammetry oxidation peak current of the Au/pBDD electrode decreased with an average daily loss of 0.02 μA and maintained approximately 90.1% of its initial value after detecting dopamine once per two days for 30 days, showing an excellent long-term electrochemical stability. In addition, the Au/pBDD electrode exhibited excellent sensitivity for the detection of DA, and the limit of detection was 0.06 μM in a linear concentration range of 0.1 μM–1 mM. This work indicates that the Au/pBDD is an appropriate material for detecting DA in a long-term tests.
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•The porous boron doped diamond (pBDD) fabricated by thermal catalytic etching with Ni as catalyst.•The Au nanoparticles-anchored porous boron doped diamond electrode is fabricated.•Au nanoparticles formed and anchored inside the pores on the pBDD facets.•The hybrid electrode shows long-term stability (30 days) and high sensitivity for dopamine detection.
In this paper, boron-doped diamond (BDD) electro-activated persulfate was studied to decompose malachite green (MG). The degradation results indicate that the decolorization performance of MG for the ...BDD electro-activated persulfate (BDD-EAP) system is 3.37 times that of BDD electrochemical oxidation (BDD-EO) system, and BDD-EAP system also exhibited an enhanced total organic content (TOC) removal (2.2 times) compared with BDD-EO system. Besides, the degradation parameters such as persulfate concentration, current density, and pH were studied in detail. In a wider range of pH (2-10), the MG can be efficiently removed (>95%) in 0.02 M persulfate solution with a low current density of 1.7 mA/cm
after 30 min. The BDD-EAP technology decomposes organic compounds without the diffusion limitation and avoids pH adjustment, which makes the EO treatment of organic wastewater more efficient and more economical.
A series of carbon-coated nickel nanoparticle modified boron-doped diamond (Ni(C)-BDD) composite electrodes with different amounts of carbon coating were fabricated. The effects of heat treatment ...time on the electrochemical performance of the Ni(C)-BDD electrodes for glucose detection were investigated. The morphology and composition of the composite electrodes were assessed by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Ni catalyzed the carbon inside boron-doped diamond (BDD) into graphite layer which was coated on the surface of Ni nanoparticles at high temperature. As thermal catalytic treatment time prolonged, the carbon coated on Ni nanoparticles became more and more obvious. Electrochemical results indicate that the Ni(C)-BDD composite electrode shows excellent electrochemical performance for glucose oxidation. Compared to the 5min-Ni(C)-BDD electrode, the 30 and 60min-Ni(C)-BDD electrodes need longer heat treatment time, and in return the Ni nanoparticles are covered by more carbon layer, and the current response after one-month measurement is 81.11% and 81.55%, respectively. The 60min-Ni(C)-BDD electrode has a sensitivity of 1130 and 420 μA·mM−1·cm−2 in the detection range of 1μM to 4mM and 4 to 10mM, respectively, its LOD is 0.69μM, and the current response after one month's test remains 81.55% of the initial value. The composite electrode has high sensitivity, good selectivity and long-term stability for glucose detection.
•How heat treatment time influence performance of the electrode is systematically studied.•The Ni/BDD is heat treated with different time to achieve Ni nanoparticles with different amounts of carbon coating.•A certain amount of carbon coating can improve the performance of Ni/BDD composite electrode.•The electrochemical property of Ni(C)-BDD electrodes with different degrees of carbon coating for glucose are compared.
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