A
bstract
Leptoquarks have recently received much attention especially because they may provide an explanation to the
R
D
*
and
R
K
*
anomalies in rare
B
meson decays. In a previous paper we proposed ...a systematic search strategy for all possible leptoquark flavors by focusing on leptoquark pair production. In this paper, we extend this strategy to large (order unity) leptoquark couplings which offer new search opportunities: single leptoquark production and
t
-channel leptoquark exchange with dilepton final states. We discuss the unique features of the different search channels and show that they cover complementary regions of parameter space. We collect and update all currently available bounds for the different flavor final states from LHC searches and from atomic parity violation measurements. As an application of our analysis, we find that current limits do not exclude a leptoquark explanation of the
B
physics anomalies but that the high luminosity run of the LHC will reach the most interesting parameter space.
Although clinical studies have shown promise for targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and ligand (PD-L1) signaling in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the factors that predict which ...subtype patients will be responsive to checkpoint blockade are not fully understood.
We performed an integrated analysis on the multiple-dimensional data types including genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and clinical data from cohorts of lung adenocarcinoma public (discovery set) and internal (validation set) database and immunotherapeutic patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to determine potentially relevant gene expression signatures between specific subgroups.
We observed that
mutation significantly increased expression of immune checkpoints and activated T-effector and interferon-γ signature. More importantly, the
comutated subgroup manifested exclusive increased expression of PD-L1 and a highest proportion of
Meanwhile,
or
-mutated tumors showed prominently increased mutation burden and specifically enriched in the transversion-high (TH) cohort. Further analysis focused on the potential molecular mechanism revealed that
or
mutation altered a group of genes involved in cell-cycle regulating, DNA replication and damage repair. Finally, immunotherapeutic analysis from public clinical trial and prospective observation in our center were further confirmed that
or
mutation patients, especially those with co-occurring
mutations, showed remarkable clinical benefit to PD-1 inhibitors.
This work provides evidence that
and
mutation in lung adenocarcinoma may be served as a pair of potential predictive factors in guiding anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.
.
Indoles and azaindoles are among the most important heterocycles because of their prevalence in nature and their broad utility in pharmaceutical industry. Reported herein is an unprecedented ...noble‐metal‐ and oxidant‐free electrochemical method for the coupling of (hetero)arylamines with tethered alkynes to synthesize highly functionalized indoles, as well as the more challenging azaindoles.
It's electric: An electrochemical coupling of (hetero)arylamines with tethered alkynes has been developed and provides highly chemo‐ and regioselective access to densely functionalized indoles and azaindoles. The electrochemical reaction employs ferrocene (Cp2Fe), an inexpensive organometallic reagent, as the redox catalyst and produces H2 as the only theoretical byproduct.
To determine distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in hospital wards in Wuhan, China, we tested air and surface samples. Contamination was greater in intensive care units ...than general wards. Virus was widely distributed on floors, computer mice, trash cans, and sickbed handrails and was detected in air ≈4 m from patients.
A
bstract
Leptoquarks occur in many new physics scenarios and could be the next big discovery at the LHC. The purpose of this paper is to point out that a model-independent search strategy covering ...all possible leptoquarks is possible and has not yet been fully exploited. To be systematic we organize the possible leptoquark final states according to a leptoquark matrix with entries corresponding to nine experimentally distinguishable leptoquark decays: any of {light-jet,
b
-jet, top} with any of {neutrino,
e
/
μ
,
τ
}. The 9 possibilities can be explored in a largely model-independent fashion with pair-production of leptoquarks at the LHC. We review the status of experimental searches for the 9 components of the leptoquark matrix, pointing out which 3 have not been adequately covered. We plead that experimenters publish bounds on leptoquark cross sections as functions of mass for as wide a range of leptoquark masses as possible. Such bounds are essential for reliable recasts to general leptoquark models. To demonstrate the utility of the leptoquark matrix approach we collect and summarize searches with the same final states as leptoquark pair production and use them to derive bounds on a complete set of Minimal Leptoquark models which span all possible flavor and gauge representations for scalar and vector leptoquarks.
Abstract
Summary
The interaction between tumor and immune system plays a crucial role in both cancer development and treatment response. To facilitate comprehensive investigation of tumor–immune ...interactions, we have designed a user-friendly web portal TISIDB, which integrated multiple types of data resources in oncoimmunology. First, we manually curated 4176 records from 2530 publications, which reported 988 genes related to anti-tumor immunity. Second, genes associated with the resistance or sensitivity of tumor cells to T cell-mediated killing and immunotherapy were identified by analyzing high-throughput screening and genomic profiling data. Third, associations between any gene and immune features, such as lymphocytes, immunomodulators and chemokines, were pre-calculated for 30 TCGA cancer types. In TISIDB, biologists can cross-check a gene of interest about its role in tumor–immune interactions through literature mining and high-throughput data analysis, and generate testable hypotheses and high quality figures for publication.
Availability and implementation
http://cis.hku.hk/TISIDB
Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The design on synthesizing a sturdy, low‐cost, clean, and sustainable electrocatalyst, as well as achieving high performance with low overpotential and good durability toward water splitting, is ...fairly vital in environmental and energy‐related subject. Herein, for the first time the growth of sulfur (S) defect engineered self‐supporting array electrode composed of metallic Re and ReS2 nanosheets on carbon cloth (referred as Re/ReS2/CC) via a facile hydrothermal method and the following thermal treatment with H2/N2 flow is reported. It is expected that, for example, the as‐prepared Re/ReS2‐7H/CC for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under acidic medium affords a quite low overpotential of 42 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a very small Tafel slope of 36 mV decade−1, which are comparable to some of the promising HER catalysts. Furthermore, in the two‐electrode system, a small cell voltage of 1.30 V is recorded under alkaline condition. Characterizations and density functional theory results expound that the introduced S defects in Re/ReS2‐7H/CC can offer abundant active sites to advantageously capture electron, enhance the electron transport capacity, and weaken the adsorption free energy of H* at the active sites, being responsible for its superior electrocatalytic performance.
The S‐defect‐rich ReS2/CC electrocatalyst for highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is constructed. The as‐prepared Re/ReS2‐7H/CC affords the overpotentials of 44 and 290 mV at 10 mA cm−2 under alkaline condition for HER and OER, respectively, a small cell voltage of 1.30 V in alkaline medium in the two‐electrode system, which are superior to pristine ReS2/CC.
Exploring leptophilic dark matter with NA64-μ Chen, Chien-Yi; Kozaczuk, Jonathan; Zhong, Yi-Ming
The journal of high energy physics,
10/2018, Letnik:
2018, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A
bstract
We investigate the prospects for detecting light leptophilic dark sectors with a missing-momentum experiment at NA64 running in muon mode. In particular, we consider models in which dark ...matter connects to the visible sector through a lepton- or muon-specific scalar mediator. These scalars can also account for the ∼ 3.5
σ
discrepancy between the measured and predicted values of (
g
−2)
μ
. We emphasize the complementarity between NA64-
μ
and other terrestrial and astrophysical probes.
A
bstract
We initiate a systematic study of precision calculation of the inflation correlators at the 1-loop level, starting in this paper with bosonic 1-loop bispectrum with chemical-potential ...enhancement. Such 1-loop processes could lead to important cosmological collider observables but are notoriously difficult to compute due to the lack of symmetries. We attack the problem from a direct numerical approach based on the real-time Schwinger-Keldysh formalism and show full numerical results for arbitrary kinematics containing both the oscillatory “signals” and the “backgrounds”. Our results show that, while the non-oscillatory part can be one to two orders of magnitude larger, the oscillatory signal can be separated out by applying appropriate high-pass filters. We have also compared the result with analytic estimates typically adopted in the literature. While the amplitude is comparable, there is a non-negligible deviation in the frequency of the oscillatory part away from the extreme squeezed limit.
Water pollution and freshwater shortage have deteriorated the global water crisis. Developing sustainable methods to alleviate contaminated water has become an urgent affair. Herein, inspired by ...water transportation and transpiration of natural trees, the authors report an ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires‐based biomimetic aerogel with vertically aligned channels and multiple functions for continuous flow catalysis, water disinfection, solar energy‐driven water purification, and seawater desalination. Ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires act as carriers to immobilize catalyst nanoparticles and serve as building blocks to assemble with chitosan to form the biomimetic aerogel with structure‐function integration. Benefiting from the interconnected cellular structure, unidirectional aligned channels, nanowire‐interwoven networked pore wall, and evenly distributed catalyst nanoparticles, the biomimetic aerogel exhibits high catalytic activity (97.6% treatment efficiency) and permeability (1786 L m−2 h−1), excellent recyclability and stability in continuous flow catalytic degradation of methylene blue solely driven by gravity. The biomimetic aerogel exhibits excellent performance for bacteria removal and anti‐biofouling. The superior photothermal conversion and heat confinement properties enable the biomimetic aerogel with a high efficiency (86.7%) for solar energy‐driven seawater desalination and wastewater purification under one sun irradiation. The multifunctional biomimetic aerogel has promising applications in catalytic reactions, wastewater remediation, and environmental engineering.
A tree‐inspired multifunctional aerogel with vertically aligned channels is fabricated from ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires, immobilized palladium nanoparticles, and chitosan through a unidirectional freeze‐drying approach. The biomimetic aerogel exhibits high performances in gravity‐driven continuous flow catalytic reactions, water disinfection, and solar energy‐driven water purification and seawater desalination.
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