To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the WT-2009 chemotherapy protocol for Wilms' tumor (WT) in children.
The clinical data of 34 children with newly-diagnosed WT between July 2009 and December ...2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 34 children, 2 died before treatment, 6 children did not accept therapy and 26 accepted the chemotherapy based on the WT-2009 chemotherapy protocol. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the 2-year survival rate.
The pathological analysis revealed the favorable histology WT was common (88%, 30/34). The most common first manifestation was abdominal masses (56%, 19/34). Among the 26 patients who accepted the chemotherapy based on the WT-2009 protocol, complete remission was achieved in 24 cases (92%), partial remission was achieved in 1 case (4%), and disease relapse was found in 1 case (4%). Severe pulmonary infection occurred in 1 case in the course of treatment. The 2-year overall survival rate and event-free survival rate were 100% and 89.7% respectively.
Favorable h
Background
β
-Thalassemia major (
β
-TM) has become a public health problem in mainland China. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has remained the only cure for
β
-TM in mainland China ...since 1998.
Methods
This multicenter retrospective study provides a comprehensive review of the outcomes of 50 pediatric patients with
β
-TM who received HSCT between 1998 and 2009 at five centers in mainland China. Both related (
n
= 35) and unrelated donors (
n
= 15) with complete human leukocyte antigen matches were included. The stem cell sources included bone marrow (BM), peripheral blood stem cells, umbilical cord blood (UCB) and a combination of BM and UCB or a combination of BM and peripheral blood stem cells from a single sibling donor.
Results
The probabilities of 5-year overall survival (OS) and thalassemia-free survival (TFS) after the first HSCT were 83.1 and 67.3%, respectively. Graft failure (GF) occurred in 17 patients. Univariate analyses showed that umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) was one of the potential risk factors for decreased OS (
P
= 0.051), and that UCBT (
P
= 0.002) was potentially related to TFS. GF incidence was distinct between the UCBT and non-UCBT groups (
P
= 0.004). Four cases of UCB-BM combined transplantation led to decreased risks of mortality and recurrence. In the UCBT group, related donor transplantation produced more favorable results than unrelated donor transplantation in OS (
P
= 0.009) but not in TFS (
P
= 0.217).
Conclusions
GF was the primary cause of UCBT failure. Though UCBT from related donors was not favorable, the combined transplantation of UCB and BM could improve the prognosis of UCBT.
To explore the feasibility of single-incision laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal hernioplasty (SILS-TEP) with self-made port for repairing of inguinal hernia.
SILS-TEP was performed in 7 inguinal ...hernia patients (9 sides) with conventional laparoscopic instruments and self-made port, which composed of a wound retractor, surgical gloves and 3 ordinary trocars. The clinical data and follow-up results of 7 cases were retrospectively collected and analyzed.
The self-made port was applied for SILS-TEP uneventfully without the need of additional ports in all 7 patients (9 inguinal hernias). The median operating time was 90. 0 (70-125) min, intraoperative blood loss was 10. 0 (5. 0-20. 0) mL and postoperative hospital stay was 2.0 (2. 0-4. 0) d. The median pain scores of visual analog scale (VAS) at 6 h,12 h, 24 h and 14 d were 3(2~4), 2(1~2), 1(0~2) and 0(0~1), respectively. There were no intraoperative complications reported, and all patients were satisfied with wound healing. No hernia recurrence was observed d
Abstract Objectives To investigate the oncologic influence of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) as a cytoreductive surgery in metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), in the ...setting of continuous complete androgen blockade (CAB). Materials and methods Medical histories of 146 consecutive Chinese males with newly diagnosed mHSPC, registered in our institution in 2006 and 2007, were reviewed. All of these patients received CAB as initial systematic therapy. Demographics and cancer control outcomes from 39 mHSPC patients who underwent TURP for a relief of bladder outlet obstruction were compared with those of the other 107 who received CAB only when they were still hormone-sensitive. Median follow-up was 15 months (3 to 27 months). Results Age at diagnosis, baseline PSA, and biopsy Gleason score were comparable between the 2 groups. Patients who underwent a TURP had lower PSA nadir (median 0.15 ng/ml vs. 0.82 ng/ml, P = 0.015) and longer time to PSA nadir (11.2 months vs. 6.4 months, P < 0.001). More patients in the non-TURP group developed hormone refractory prostate cancer ( P = 0.007). The TURP group had a tendency towards longer disease-specific survival and overall survival (24.4 months vs. 24.1 months and 24.4 months vs. 22.9 months, respectively), though this did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions TURP resulted in a better and more prolonged response to hormone therapy in mHSPC, with a trend towards positive influence in disease specific survival and overall survival. To date, our preliminary report is the first study regarding long-term survival of cytoreductive surgery in mHSPC, and further investigations are warranted.
Objective To explore the role of glucocorticoid （GC） receptor （GR） in rapamycin＇s reversion of GC resistance in humanGC-resistant T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia （ALL） CEM-C1 cells. Methods CEM-C1 ...cells were cultured in vitro and treated with rapamycin at different concentrations with or without 1 μmol/L dexamethasone （Dex）. 3-（4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） test was performed to assess cell proliferation. The cell cycle and cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of GRα mRNA was determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of GR, p-70S6K, Mcl-1, and Bim proteins was detected by Western blot. Results When incubated with rapamycin at different concentrations, CEM-C1 cells showed significant growth inhibition in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The growth inhibition was synergistically increased when CEM-C1 cells were treated with rapamycin plus 1 μmol/L Dex. CEM-C1 cells treated with rapamycin alone showed no apparent apoptosis, and were arrested at G0/G1 phase. After the treatment with Dex plus rapamycin, CEM-C1 cells demonstrated apparent apoptosis and increased the cell cycle arrested at G0/G1 phase. Rapamycin combined with Dex up-regulated GRα, phosphorylated GR（p-GR）, and pro-apoptotic protein Bim-EL in CEM-C1 cells, but inhibited the expression of p-p70S6K, a downstream target protein ofmTOR （mammalian target of rapamycin）. Conclusion After the treatment with rapamycin plus Dex, Dex resistant CEM-C1 cells induce growth inhibition and apoptosis. The underlying mechanism may involve inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway and also be associated with up-regulation of GR expression and activation of GC-GR signaling pathway.
Intestinal lymphangiectasia （IL） is a rare disorder characterized by protein-losing enteropathy and fat malabsorption. The underlying cause of this disorder has been revealed to be impaired ...intestinal lymphatic drainage. According to the etiologies, IL can be classified into primary （idiopathic） form and secondary form.Diagnosis of primary IL is usually established by characteristic endoscopic findings and biopsy of intestinal mucosa.
The study focused on the toxicological effect of Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) on the expression of Phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (pSTAT1) -regulated Forkhead box ...protein M1 (FoxM1), which might provide a new understanding of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development and a potential target for treatment. Streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg) was introduced in maternal rats by intraperitoneal injection on gestation day 0 (GD 0) in the STZ and STZ + DBP groups. DBP was introduced in maternal rats by oral feeding in the STZ + DBP group over the following 3 days (750 mg/kg/day). The changes in fasting blood glucose level in rats were detected on GD 1 and GD 5. The insulin levels in maternal rats and PIBCs were measured on GD 18. The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) test was performed on GD 18 to check the stability of the GDM model. The primary islet β cells (PIBCs) were established for in vitro experiments. We examined the FoxM1 and pSTAT1 expression in pancreas by immunohistochemistry. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the pSTAR1 and FoxM1 protein and mRNA gene expression levels in PIBCs. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometric analysis was used to test the viability and apoptosis of cells. The results showed that the STZ + DBP group had higher glucose and lower insulin secretion levels than the other groups by both fasting test and OGTT. FoxM1 was significantly suppressed while pSTAT1 was highly expressed after DBP exposure. FoxM1 could be regulated by pSTAT1. DBP can influence the progression of GDM through its toxicological effect, which significantly increases the expression of pSTAT1 and suppresses FoxM1, causing a decline in β cell viability.
•PSTAT1-regulated FoxM1 abnormal expression may be related to the incidence of GDM.•DBP can aggravate GDM through islet β cell viability decline and apoptosis.•DBP with STZ might establish a new rat GDM model.
Pre-oxidation and powdered activate carbon (PAC) are usually used to remove algae and odorants in drinking waterworks. However, the influence of interaction between oxidants and PAC on the treatment ...performance are scarcely known. This study systematically investigated the combination schemes of four oxidants (KMnO4, NaClO, ClO2, and O3) and PAC on the inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa cells and removal of four frequently detected odorants in raw water (diethyl disulfide (DEDS), 2,2′-oxybis(1chloropropane) (DCIP), 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin (GSM)). O3 showed highest pseudo-first-order removal rate for all four compounds and NaClO exhibited highest inactivation rates for the cell viability and Chlorophyll a (Chl-a). The Freundlich model fitted well for the adsorption of DEDS and DCIP by PAC. When treated by combined oxidation/PAC, the removal ratio of algae cells and odorants were lower (at least 1.6 times) than the sum of removal ratios obtained in oxidation or PAC adsorption alone. Among these four oxidants, the highest synchronous control efficiency of odorants (52 %) and algae (66 %) was achieved by NaClO/PAC. Prolonging the dosage time interval promoted the removal rates. The pre-PAC/post-oxidation processes possessed comparable efficiency for the removal of odorants and algae cells comparing with pre-oxidation/post-PAC process, but significantly inhibited formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), especially for the formation of C-DBPs (for NaClO and ClO2), bromate (for O3) and chlorate/chlorite (for ClO2). This study could provide a better understanding of improving in-situ operation of the combined pre-treatments of oxidation and PAC for source water.
Display omitted
•O3 possesses a higher removal rate of odorants than NaClO, ClO2, O3 and KMnO4.•Freundlich/Langmuir model was compared for the adsorption of thioethers by PAC.•NaClO/PAC was beneficial to achieve a synchronous control of odorants and algae.•Pre-PAC/post-oxidation dosing sequence is likely a strategy to control DBPs formation.
MicroRNAs play an important role in the genesis and progression of tumours, including colorectal cancer (CRC), which has a high morbidity and mortality rate. In this research, the role of miR-495-3p ...and HMGB1 in CRC was investigated.
We performed qRT-PCR to detect the expression of miR-495-3p in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines. Functional experiments, such as CCK-8, EdU, Transwell and apoptosis assays, were conducted to explore the effects of miR-495-3p on the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro. Then, database prediction, dual-luciferase reporter gene assays and functional experiments verified the role of the miR-495-3p target gene HMGB1 in CRC. Finally, rescue experiments were performed to investigate whether overexpression of HMGB1 could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-495-3p on CRC cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro.
miR-495-3p was downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines, inhibited the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells and promoted cell apoptosis. Database prediction and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays showed that HMGB1 was the downstream target gene of miR-495-3p. We finally demonstrated that miR-495-3p inhibited CRC cell proliferation by targeting HMGB1 in vitro and in vivo.
Our research shows that miR-495-3p inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer by downregulating the expression of HMGB1, which indicates that miR-495-3p may become a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
PDF
