Background: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, intensity and risk factors (age and gender) promoting the intestinal helminthic infections of the Domestic mountain ponies and Balkan ...donkeys in Serbia.Methods: Prevalence, intensity and risk factors influencing helminth infection in horses (n=39) and donkeys (n=18) at the site of Nature Park Stara Planina, were studied from May to Sep 2015. The presence of one or several gastrointestinal helminth species was confirmed by faecal flotation in 97.43% of horses and 88.88% of donkeys included in the monitoring. The identified helminth species were Trichostrongylus axei, Strongylus edentatus, S. vulgaris, Parascaris equorum, Dictyocaulus arnfieldi and Anoplocephala magna in 84.61%, 46.15%, 5.13%, 58.97%, 94.87% and 38.46% of horses, respectively. The significant association of infection with P. equorumand sex of horses was established. (χ2=13.33, P<0.01).Results: The prevalence of parasitic helminths identified in donkeys was the following: D. arnfieldi, T. axei, Pa. equorum, S. vulgaris, A. margna and Strongyloides westeri in 55.55%, 38.89%, 27.78%, 22.22% and 22.22% of donkeys, respectively. Moreover, the mean faecal egg count was higher in donkeys (369.9 EPG - egg per gram) than in horses (250.2 EPG). The association between the age and the mean EPG was significant (P<0.05) in both equine species.Conclusion: The results of the investigation provided basic information that can be helpful for planning strategic control of nematode infection in equine population in Nature Reserves in Serbia.
The main idea of the present study was to investigate the impact of the ongoing world crisis on the socio-economic issues in Serbia concerning building materials usage and purchase. This research ...fills in the gaps in the literature and contributes to the comprehension of how the crisis has affected salaries, market pricing, and materials consumption in the building sector. The data are gathered through a questionnaire and analyzed using a statistical methodology (frequencies, descriptive statistics, and Spearman’s correlations). Most of the former studies investigated the surveys conducted on specialists in the field, while this study analyzed the perspectives of random people. Socio-demographic issues are analyzed along with materials consumption before and after the crisis. A special emphasis is given to ecological awareness and novel materials usage. Additionally, it captures a broad shift in the economy and ecological consciousness in a developing country. The majority of respondents are open to using novel building materials and products, but their choice would largely be influenced by cost, the amount of effort involved, and their understanding of the advantages. Statistical approaches revealed that the crisis has a considerable impact on the markets for construction and building supplies, altering consumers’ decisions when purchasing. This contribution lays the groundwork for developing countries in the modern world to improve sustainability and adopt circular thinking. Professionals in Serbia need to have a more eco-aware mindset and enhance how they provide pertinent information to potential clients. This study is limited by the number of respondents. For future mathematical modeling and forecasting, more answerers are needed.
Even though the specific COVID-19 consequences for sales have been extensively discussed, no academic research has been done on how the pandemic has affected consumer choice and purchases of ...construction and building products by private individuals. This research was conducted to fill in the gaps in the body of knowledge and advance understanding of how the crisis has impacted wages, market prices, and material usage in the construction industry in a developing country. The data are collected through the use of a questionnaire survey. The respondents shared their experiences between the period before 2020 and after the beginning of the crisis up until the end of 2022 and showed that purchases of these products decreased during the lockdown and afterward. The obtained results were analyzed using statistical tools, namely frequencies, descriptive statistics, and constructs. This study reveals a high interest in using novel materials but also a desire to be more informed on the details and their potential benefits. The results present a firstof-a-kind approach that will help further development in this branch of the industry by following the needs of potential private customers in a developing country. Further studies would need to include not only contextual but also personal factors that influence environmentally friendly choices.
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, intensity and risk factors (age and gender) promoting the intestinal helminthic infections of the Domestic mountain ponies and Balkan donkeys in ...Serbia.
Prevalence, intensity and risk factors influencing helminth infection in horses (n=39) and donkeys (n=18) at the site of Nature Park Stara Planina, were studied from May to Sep 2015. The presence of one or several gastrointestinal helminth species was confirmed by faecal flotation in 97.43% of horses and 88.88% of donkeys included in the monitoring. The identified helminth species were
,
,
,
,
and
in 84.61%, 46.15%, 5.13%, 58.97%, 94.87% and 38.46% of horses, respectively. The significant association of infection with
and sex of horses was established. (χ2=13.33,
<0.01).
The prevalence of parasitic helminths identified in donkeys was the following:
,
,
,
,
and
in 55.55%, 38.89%, 27.78%, 22.22% and 22.22% of donkeys, respectively. Moreover, the mean faecal egg count was higher in donkeys (369.9 EPG - egg per gram) than in horses (250.2 EPG). The association between the age and the mean EPG was significant (
<0.05) in both equine species.
The results of the investigation provided basic information that can be helpful for planning strategic control of nematode infection in equine population in Nature Reserves in Serbia.
Tick Population in Goats and Sheep in Šabac Pavlović, Ivan; Ivanović, Snežana; Dimitrić, Aleksandar ...
Macedonian veterinary review,
03/2016, Letnik:
39, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
During our examination performed in the period from 2010 to 2012, we collected ticks from 52 flocks of sheep and 38 goat flocks. Ticks infestation occured in 15.97% (214/1340) of sheep and 16.93% ...(107/632) of goats. The result showed the presence of
,
,
and
Additional to determination of tick species during the research, the sex ratio and the monthly influence of microclimate conditions (temperature, relative humidity and precipitation quantity) on the dynamics of populations of ticks were followed. Obtained results indicate the importance of the impact of climatic factors on the population dynamics of some species of ticks as well as the dynamics and abundance of different sexes within established species of ticks.
The domestic mountain horse is an autochthonous breed of horse that originated in the Balkans, which, with the support of the fund for the protection of genetic resources, began to restore the ...population of this breed, primarily in the area of Stara Planina. Intestinal parasite tests were performed on domestic mountain horses in three separate pastures on Stara Planina. A total of 124 horses from three herds were tested In Izatovac we 44 tested horses, in Boljev Dol 30 and in Borovsko polje 50 horses. All the horses were kept in a semi-free system on mountain pastures - during the day they were in pastures, moving freely in a space of several kilometers around the farm, only to be closed during the night due to the danger of wolves, usually in the same facilities with sheep, goats and cows. The diet was based exclusively on pasture. All horses were clinically healthy, in solid condition, which was at its best in early summer, when the grass was at its most lush. For coprological diagnostics, sedimentation and flotation methods with a saturated solution of NaCl and ZnSO4 were used in parallel. The Clayton-Lane method was used to count parasite eggs. Identification of parasite eggs was done on the basis of morphometric characteristics. Based on the results of the examination, the following parasites were found: Trichostrongylus axei in 66.67%, Strongylus edentatus in 83.33%, and Parascaris equorum.33.33%.
This paper overviews the technological, technical, economic, environmental, social, toxicological and human health risk considerations of biodiesel production and use. The future efforts in the ...technological domain should be directed towards low–cost and non–edible feedstocks, advanced technologies with reduced overall production costs and profitable production capacity. Process innovations that include new more active and stable catalysts, advanced reactors, continuous operation, lower energy inputs, better energy balance and lower GHG emissions and produce low or no wastes can lead to more efficient biodiesel production. Environmentally sustainable biodiesel production requires that sustainability standards cover direct and indirect impacts on the environment, i.e. soil, water and air. The combination of technological with economic, social and environmental issues will increase biodiesel benefits and may lead to integrated biorefineries capable of producing sustainable biodiesel and other valuable chemicals. Government policies will be the primary driving force for further increases in biodiesel production. Increased cooperation among governments and various stakeholders is needed to develop and apply corresponding sustainability criteria in a consistent way worldwide as soon as possible.
The sorption ability of biogenic hydroxyapatite (BHAP) towards heavy metal ions (Pb, Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn) is compared with functionalized BHAP powders with caffeic acid (CA) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic ...acid (3,4-DHBA). The functionalization of the BHAP with either CA or 3,4-DHBA is indicated by the appearance of the colored powders due to the formation of the interfacial charge transfer (ICT) complexes. The detailed characterization of as-prepared and functionalized BHAP samples was performed using transmission electron microscopy, reflection spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and determination of zeta potential. All three sorbents clearly displayed preferential sorption of Pb ions when the total concentration of multi-component equimolar solutions of heavy metal ions is high. It should be emphasized that the sorption capacity of functionalized BHAP with either CA or 3,4-BHAP was found to be higher, up to 60%, compared to as-prepared BHAP without the decrease of selectivity towards Pb ions.
The aim of this study was to determine intra- and interspecies variation in the qualitative and quantitative composition of methanol-soluble metabolites in the leaves of three
species (
,
, and
) ...from the central Balkans. Despite the steady use of foxglove constituents for human health as valuable medicinal products, populations of the genus
(
) have been poorly investigated to describe their genetic and phenetic variation. Following untargeted profiling using UHPLC-LTQ Orbitrap MS, by which we identified a total of 115 compounds, 16 compounds were quantified using the UHPLC(-)HESI-QqQ-MS/MS approach. In total, 55 steroid compounds, 15 phenylethanoid glycosides, 27 flavonoids, and 14 phenolic acid derivatives were identified across the samples with
and
showing a great similarity, while 15 compounds were characteristic only for
. The phytochemical composition of methanol extracts, considered here as complex phenotypes, are further examined along multiple levels of biological organization (intra- and interpopulation) and subsequently subjected to chemometric data analysis. The quantitative composition of the selected set of 16 chemomarkers belonging to the classes of cardenolides (3 compounds) and phenolics (13 compounds) pointed to considerable differences between the taxa studied.
and
were found to be richer in phenolics as compared to cardenolides, which otherwise predominate in
over other compounds. PCA revealed lanatoside C, deslanoside, hispidulin, and
-coumaric acid to be the main compounds contributing to the differences between
on one side and
and
on the other, while
-coumaric acid, hispidulin, and digoxin contribute to the diversification between
and
. However, quantitative variation in the metabolite content within species was faint with mild population diversification visible in
and particularly in
This pointed to the highly conserved content and ratio of targeted compounds within the analyzed species, which was not severely influenced by the geographic origin or environmental conditions. The presented metabolomics approach might have, along with morphometrics and molecular genetics studies, a high information value for further elucidation of the relationships among taxa within the genus
.
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