Described is a 50 m thick cross-section, which includes 26 cyclothems. Beds of biomicritic, in some places oolitic, limestone are interrupted by dolomitized laminites, thinner beds of flatpebble ...conglomerate,and rarely stromatolites. The bedrock of the cross-section is sparitic dolomite. The contact between Triassic and Jurassic is not included in the cross-section. Lithological varieties indicate sedimentation in the subtidal zone in the protected part of a shallow shelf within the Adriatic Dinaric carbonate platform with occasional connection with the open sea. Dolomite in the laminites and flatpebble conglomerate is of early diagenetic origin.It developed through capillary concentration of pore solutions in intratidal and supratidal environment. The Lower Jurassic age of the limestone is determined by Palaeodasycladus mediterraneous Pia algae. Chemical analyses include Ca, Mg, as well as, Sr, Fe, Mn and Na. Beds containing dolomite of early diagenetic origin are rich with Fe and Na.
Oolitic and oncoidal rocks, microfacies, depositional environments and their stratigraphic ranges in Sloveniaare subjects of this article. Various types of calcareous ooids are present in the Upper ...Carboniferous, Permian andTertiary (Paleocene and Miocene) beds and specially at many levels in an up to 6000 meters thick statigraphic successionof the Mesozoic age. Sedimentological investigations have been carried out specially in the Triassic andJurassic beds. The ooids occurring in the shallow-water and intertidal carbonate environment have been groupedinto seven types and oncoids into four types. Oncoids are rather more aboundant in Carnian and Norian/Rhaetianage. Late dolomitization of some oolitic beds is next to cementation the main diagenetic feature.
This contribution deals with geological setting of Mt. Kobla which is situated in the central part of the Bohinj ridge, and brings a review of the previous geological studies in the area.The first ...detailed studies are closely related to a 6334 m long Bohinjska Bistrica–Podbrdo railway tunnel which was opened in 1906. The tunnel is constructed just under the peak of Mt. Kobla and encompasses 8 lithological members. The second period of intensive geological studies is related to elaboration of the Basic Geological Map, scale 1:100.000, Sheet Tolmin that were carried out from 1969–1987. During this time, Middle Triassic to Late Cretaceous existence of Slovenian Basin and two platforms in western Slovenia was established. In the past decade geological studies in the area have been focused on detailed stratigraphy and lithology. The analysis of conodont assemblages and foraminifers indicates that a part of limestone classified in Basic Geological Map as Lower Jurassicare actually of the Upper Triassic age.Jurassic sediments in Mt. Kobla were settled in deep-marine environment of the Slovenian Basin. Limestone breccias and calcarenites were transported by gravitational currents from the shelf edge to the slope and to the basin. In Lower Jurassic calcarenite with abundant reworked ooids and crinoids occur.
The renewed deposition in the Palaeogene and the oldest part of the non-interrupted Palaeocene succession is characterized by the presence of Decastronema barattoloi (DE CASTRO), cyanobacterial tubes ...originally described in the Apennines. The reinterpretation of limestones from several sections located in the Kras region (NW part of the AdCP: Basovizza, Dolenja vas, Sopada, ?ebulovica) confi rmed the presence of these microfossils in peritidal sediments of Danian age (SBZ 1). The Cuisian (Late Lower Eocene) sediments, from eastern Istria (Brnjci section), Cres Island (Koroma?na Cove section) and Ravni kotari (Benkovac–Korlat section) contain individuals of this species in great numbers. The cyanobacterial tubes are scattered in laminated, fi ne grained mudstones and wackestones, immediately above the Cretaceous sediments (occasionally above bauxites or breccias). The Decastronema-bearing sediments pass upward into the Foraminiferal limestones of Cuisian age (SBZ 11, based on conical agglutinated foraminifera and alveolinids), allowing the age determination of the cyanobacterial remnants. The Palaeocene specimens are minute (up to about 180 ?m long), thick walled tubes that occur with the index fossil Bangiana hanseni DROBNE. The Eocene forms accompanied by ostracods, pelecypods, and miliolid and rotaliid foraminifera are segmented tubes, up to 400 mm long and usually thin walled.
Three cores, V-3, V-5 and MK-6, drilled in the inner part of the Bay of Koper were used to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental conditions occurring during the Holocene. Based on stable isotope results ...two depositing environments can be distinguished in the cores: the upper, marine and lower, brackish sedimentation. Marine sedimentation prevailed over fluvial sedimentation at depths of 15 m, 19 m and 10 m in the V-3, MK-6 and V-5 cores respectively.The marine part of the core V-3 was influenced by varying amounts of land-derivedorganic carbon transported by the River Rižana, while in MK-6 and V-5 cores the marine algae and/or microphytes constituted the main source of sedimentary organic carbon. The fluvial sedimentaion has typically lower δ13Corg and higher C/N ratios, ~ – 26 ‰ and > 12 respectively and based on stable carbon isotope mass balance the terrestrial organic carbon present up to 70 to 100 % of the sedimentary organic carbon. On the other hand, the higher δ15N values observed at some depths in the fluvial sedimentation indicated that nitrogen could be of marine origin. The observed data in parallel with previous studies are in good agreement with the simultaneous rise of the sea level in the Northern Adriatic.
In the year 2004, a deep borehole MET/04 east of Metlika in Bela Krajina was drilled. It reached the depth of 841 meters. The aim of drilling was to catch thermal water that would be used for ...touristical purposes. The area where the borehole is located belongsto the transitional zone of the External to the Internal Dinarides. The first ones are characterized mainly by shallow water carbonate rocks of Mesozoic age, while the other ones are composed mainly of deep water clastic rocks also of Mesozoic age. Structurally,this zone consists of a series of the Dinaric, NW-SE oriented, thrusts along which the Internal Dinarides are thrusted over the External ones. The bore hole itself is located in the flysch sequence of Upper Cretaceous age that is deposed transgressivelly onto theUpper Jurassic limestone. The flysch, that is composed of conglomerate, breccia, calcarenite and marl, is drilled to 182,5 m of depth. Further, to the 275 of depth, there follow Lower Cretaceous limestones, that belong either to large olistolitic blocks in the base of the flysch series or to a tectonic block of the imbricated structure. To the bottom of the borehole, there follow mainly ref and perireefal limestones of Upper Jurassic age. The upper part of these is determined to be of Upper Malmian age, since the lower part couldbelong to Lower Malmian. In the borehole, two water bearing zones were determined. The first one is in the interval from 92,5 to 184, and the second one in the interval from 220 to 355 meters at the depth.
Carbonate rocks of Mesozoic age are widespread in Slovenia where they consitute about 40 % of its territory, and attaining total thickness of more than 5000 metres. With respect to microfacies almost ...all structure types can be recognized, the limestones and dolomites being formed in various sedimentary environments, such as in openand in restricted parts of carbonate shelf, in lagoons and on coastal plains, in different types of reefs, on slopes and in the basin. Carbonate sedimentation was often accompanied also by the supply of terrigenous material and products of volcanic activity. Among diagenetic processes in investigated carbonate rocks the most extensive are dolomitization and silicification.In the present text 250 microscopic photographs of characteristic limestones and dolomites from Slovenian territory are assembled. In the introductory part, to which for orientation schematic stratigraphic columns are added,the geologic development od these carbonate rocks is briefly outlined. For the sake of completeness in presenting the »carbonate era« in the overview, Upper Permian limestones and dolomites are also described next to Mesozoic beds.
Oligocene and Miocene beds in Kozjansko, SW part of the Parathetys region, were developed in the time span ranging from Kiscellian to Pannonian, with two emersion phases – the first in Ottnangian, ...Karpatian and partially Badenian, and the second in Badenian and Sarmatian. Kiscellian sedimentation started with basal conglomerate, which was followed by sand, marl with coal seams, and marly clay (sivica). Clastic sedimentation was accompanied by volcanic activity that produced andesites, dacites, and andesitic,dacitic and rhyolitic tuffs. Egerian deposits include sands, sandstones, siltstones, claystones,marls and tuffs (the Govce beds). Eggenburgian deposits are characterised by quartztoze and gluconitic sandstones (the Macelj sandstones) and conglomerates. Badenian deposits are among the most widespread in occurrence and the most diverse in development. Theyare known as the Laško beds. Marls and siltstones predominate over massive lithothamnian limestone, calcareous-quartztoze conglomerate and biocalcarenite. They contain marine fauna. Badenian tuffs have been newly discovered on the territory of Kozjansko. InSarmatian, the environment changed from marine to brakish and freshwater. Transgressively deposited conglomerate is overlain by sand, marl, sandstone and scarce beds of marly limestone. Clastic sedimentation continued in the Pannonian time, too.
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