Introduction: Individuals may belong to different sexual minorities. Such a personal circumstance should not influence the quality of healthcare. Yet, many face discrimination due to their sexual ...orientation, while the healthcare system is typically heteronormative. The objective of this integrative review was to provide a synthesis of research evidence on the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals with healthcare professionals.Methods: An integrative literature review was employed, and codes and categories were identified. A literature search was performed in the databases Springer Link, SAGE, CINAHL, Academic Search Elite and MEDLINE. The key words used were: "experiences", "healthcare", "gay patient experiences", "gay", "lesbian", "homosexual", "bisexual" and "transgender". Primary sources were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thematic analysis was conducted with an open coding of the results of selected sources. Results: A total of 6,839 studies were screened from June to August 2018 and 14 (published between 2009 and 2017) were selected for the final analysis. The results yielded 41 codes, combined into two categories termed: 'Positive experiences of LGBT individuals with healthcare professionals' and 'Negative experiences of LGBT individuals with healthcare professionals'.Discussion and conclusion: The experiences of LGBT individuals with healthcare professionals are ambivalent. Although positive experiences prevail, negative ones should not be overlooked as they are derived from heteronormativity and sometimes even prejudice and homophobia. Healthcare professionals need cultural competences which reflect the developments in a society and the needs of its individuals.
Uvod: Ustrezen odnos, splošna in strokovna znanja ter razumevanje vloge strokovnjakov, ki delajo s starejšimi osebami, lahko pripomorejo k odpravljanju stereotipov in prispevajo h kakovostni ...obravnavi starejših oseb. Namen raziskave je bil proučiti odnos do dela s starejšimi osebami, znanje o njem in njegovo dojemanje ter povezanost naštetega z izobraževanji zaposlenih v domovih za starejše.Metoda: Izvedena je bila kvantitativna eksplorativna raziskava na populaciji izvajalcev zdravstvene nege in oskrbe (n = 266) v 13 domovih za starejše v Sloveniji. Podatki so bili zajeti z že razvitimi merskimi instrumenti (FAQ-R, POWP, ASD, ADKS). Raziskava je bila izvedena v obdobju med junijem in avgustom 2017. Podatki so bili obdelani z opisno in bivariantno statistiko.Rezultati: Test FAQ-R je pokazal 65,2 % uspešnost anketirancev, ki se je povečala z večanjem stopnje izobrazbe (p < 0,001). Pri 7,8 % anketirancev je bil ugotovljen negativni odnos do starejših oseb. Na ADKS-testu je bilo zbranih 64,9 % možnih točk (s = 14,86); dosežek se razlikuje glede na stopnjo izobrazbe (p < 0,001) in starost anketirancev (p = 0,022).Diskusija in zaključek: Splošno znanje o starejših osebah in staranju je pomanjkljivo; stopnja znanja o Alzheimerjevi bolezni je zadovoljiva, a se niža z nižanjem izobrazbe. Raziskava opozori na pomen številnih medsektorskih ukrepov, ki so odziv na potrebe dolgožive družbe. Področje je odprto za nadaljnje raziskovanje in razvoj novih instrumentov, ki bodo omogočili vzročno raziskovanje.
Uvod: Zaposleni v zdravstveni negi so izpostavljeni številnim dejavnikom stresa. V slovenskem prostoru doslej nismo imeli instrumenta za merjenje stresa med zaposlenimi v zdravstveni negi. Namen ...raziskave je bil validirati vprašalnika o merjenju stresorjev, ki so jim izpostavljeni zaposleni v zdravstveni negi v slovenskih bolnišnicah.Metode: Uporabljena je bila kvantitativna deskriptivna metoda, s kavzalno-neeksperimentalnim raziskovalnim dizajnom. Podatki so bili zbrani s pomočjo vprašalnikov »Lestvica za merjenje stresa« in »Stres na delovnem mestu bolnišničnih zdravstvenih delavcev«, združenih v merski instrument »Potencialni dejavniki stresa pri zaposlenih v zdravstveni negi«. Validacija vprašalnika je bila izvedena na priložnostnemvzorcu 983 zaposlenih v 21 slovenskih bolnišnicah. Podatki so analizirani z opisnimi metodami in faktorsko analizo.Rezultati: Z eksploratorno faktorsko analizo je preostalo 34 spremenljivk, ki pojasnijo 68 % celotne variabilnosti. Vrednosti Kaiser-Meyer-Olkinove mere primernosti vzorca in Bartletovega testa sferičnosti (KMO = 0,931, Bartlett: χ2(561) = 9670,501, p < 0,001) so se izkazale kot primerne za izvedbo eksploratorne faktorske analize, s katero smo dobili devet faktorjev. Vprašalnik je zanesljiv, vrednosti koeficienta Cronbach α se gibljejo na intervalu od 0,805 do 0,932.Diskusija in zaključek: Vprašalnik je zanesljiv in veljaven instrument za merjenje potencialnih stresorjev v zdravstveni negi v slovenskih bolnišnicah in odpira možnosti primerjav z veljavnimi instrumenti v tujini. Merilni instrument je namenjen managerjem v zdravstveni negi.
Introduction: There has been little research on systematic training of new employees in perioperative nursing. The aim of the present study was to establish whether the attitude of the employees in ...perioperative nursing towards the training of new employees in the workplace is connected to their education in perioperative nursing, workload, work competence or attitude of new employees in perioperative nursing. Methods: A quantitative exploratory research was performed in March 2017 and data was collected by means of a structured survey questionnaire. Perioperative nursing staff working in a selected Slovenian hospital's operating theatres, who are trained well enough to work independently (n = 69) and have at least one year of working experience, were questioned to obtain a purposive sample. Descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation coefficient and factor analysis are shown. Results: Employees in perioperative nursing gladly transmit their knowledge and experience (x = 4.79), growing professionally as they do so ( = 4.63). They see the training of new employees as their personal challenge (x = 4.17). The knowledge of the respondents was shown to be a factor that is marginally positively associated (r = 0.278, p = 0.021) with the attitude to training new employees in the workplace. The training that experienced employees in perioperative nursing have received, their competencies, workload, and their opinion of the work of the new employees, are not connected to the attitudes they posses when training these new employees in the workplace. Discussion and conclusion: The study indicates the need to establish definined criteria relating to the employment of candidates, and may contribute toward the future design of a systematic training course in perioperative nursing.
Uvod: Področje izobraževanja v zdravstveni negi na ravni Evropske unije ureja Direktiva 2013/55/EU. Nacionalnih smernic za področje izobraževanja v zdravstveni negi, ki bi bile nadgradnja direktivi ...na tem področju, v Sloveniji ni, prav tako v zadnjih desetih letih ni opredeljenih potreb po izobraževanju v zdravstveni negi.
Metode: Uporabljena je bila komplementarna kombinacija kvalitativnih metod konsenza (panelna skupina ekspertov, tehnika skupinskega konsenza), kvantitativna neeksperimantalna opisna metoda Delfi in metoda pregleda literature. Vključeni so bili predstavniki visokošolskih in zdravstvenih zavodov, nacionalno združenje v zdravstveni negi in študenti zdravstvene nege.
Rezultati: Obdobje razvoja smernic je trajalo od leta 2013 do 2015 in je vključevalo šest iteracij različnih metod konsenza. Po metodi »snežne kepe« in institucijske pripadnosti je sodelovalo več kot 150 strokovnjakov na področju zdravstvene nege (visoko šolstvo, zdravstveni zavodi), od tega 18 študentov zdravstvene nege. Prepoznanih je bilo osem vsebinskih področij smernic.
Zaključek in implementacija: Smernice so dobro izhodišče za poenotenje visokošolskega izobraževanja na področju zdravstvene nege v Republiki Sloveniji. Dajejo osnove za presojo kakovosti izobraževanja v zdravstveni negi in so podlaga tudi za politiko, ki mora prevzeti odgovornost na ravni količine in kakovosti visokošolskega izobraževanja v zdravstveni negi.
A low proportion of bystanders in Slovenia are willing to provide resuscitation to people experiencing cardiac arrest. We measured knowledge acquired after cardiopulmonary resuscitation training ...among Slovenian children in the final three grades of primary school.
This pre- and post-test cohort study included 566 schoolchildren aged 12-15 years. From April to May 2018, we administered a 15-item questionnaire to children in 15 primary schools, to assess the effects of theoretical and practical cardiopulmonary resuscitation training on their knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation at 1-2 months after training. Data were processed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses.
A significantly greater level of post-training knowledge was noted in all three equally sized school grade groups (p=0.001). The youngest group (mean age 12.5 years) exhibited the greatest increase in knowledge, with test scores increasing by an average 2.65 (range 0-15) points. Age (p=0.001), body mass index (p=0.037), female sex (p=0.006), and previous resuscitation training (p=0.024) were significant independent predictors of pre-training knowledge level. Sex was the only predictor significantly influencing knowledge levels after training (p=0.002); girls scored up to 0.7 points higher than boys, both before and after training.
Among Slovenian schoolchildren aged 12-15 years, a significantly improved level of theoretical knowledge was demonstrated after cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. The introduction of cardiopulmonary training may be most effective in children aged 12.5 years (seventh graders). Early, compulsory resuscitation training might reduce social barriers to performing resuscitation, which may eventually translate into better post-cardiac arrest outcomes.
Background/Aim: Unintentional injuries among children and adolescents have become a common issue in public healthcare. The study objective was to analyse the characteristics and identify predictors ...associated with unintentional injuries in children and adolescents treated in emergency medical services (EMS) in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods: A cross-section study with retrospective analysis of WebMedic e-database from 14 EMS, in the period between January 2018 and December 2020 was conducted. Research included patients with unintentional injuries, aged ≤ 19 years, of both sexes. For comparison between groups, Chi-squared and multivariate logistic regression were used in risk factor analysis. Results: A total of 1,856 cases were identified, most injuries resulted from falls (46.7 %) and traffic injuries (26.9 %). Boys were significantly more affected by injuries than girls (p < 0.001). Falls were the major cause for reporting to EMS among age groups of children (0-9 years) and adolescents (10-14 years), whereas injuries in traffic were dominant in adolescents aged 15 to 19. The most common injuries were head injuries (35.7 %). Risk factors of unintentional injuries were age (p < 0.001), sex (p = 0.046), weekday (p = 0.016), winter (p = 0.014), body region (head, abdomen, lower and upper limbs (p < 0.001), thorax (p = 0.009)). Conclusions: There were significant differences in characteristics of unintentional injuries according to age and sex. Chances for occurrence of unintentional injuries among children increased with their age, especially for boys. These differences might indicate areas where preventive measures should be undertaken.
Uvod: Izobraževalni sistem za delo v zdravstvenem timu nujne medicinske pomoči v Sloveniji ima pomanjkljivosti in potrebuje spremembe. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti vsebine teoretičnih znanj in ...praktičnih veščin, za katere bi se morali izobraževati in usposabljati člani vseh poklicnih skupin tako v času šolanja kot v času opravljanja dela v nujni medicinski pomoči.
Metode: Uporabljena je bila triangulacija metod; kvalitativna metoda z uporabo delno strukturiranega intervjuja kot tehnike zbiranja podatkov med 30 zaposlenimi v timu nujne medicinske pomoči ter metoda delfi za ugotavljanje in usklajevanje mnenj o predlaganih ukrepih v sedmih vsebinskih sklopih pri 27 respondentih, razdeljenih v tri skupine: zaposleni v enotah nujne medicinske pomoči, vodje enot nujne medicinske pomoči, oblikovalci zdravstvene politike. Metoda delfi je bila izvedena v dveh krogih.
Rezultati: Sodelujoči v raziskavi so mnenja, da je v času šolanja pridobljenega premalo znanja in veščin za delo v nujni medicinski pomoči. Menijo, da bi bil s spremembo izobraževalnega sistema ter uvedbo medpoklicnega izobraževanja tako v času šolanja kot v času zaposlitve sistem izvajanja nujnih ukrepov učinkovitejši.
Diskusija in zaključek: Strokovnjaki s področja nujne medicinske pomoči predlagajo dobre prakse drugih organizacijskih in izobraževalnih modelov, tj. skupno izvajanje kliničnih vaj iz urgentne medicine in medpoklicno izobraževanje s simulacijskimi scenariji za vse poklicne skupine, sodelujoče v enotah nujne medicinske pomoči.
Introduction: Excessive alcohol consumption can stem from different biological, social, environmental, or psychological factors (e.g. peer influence, desire to be accepted within a social group, ...family history with alcohol addiction, availability of alcohol beverages, poor academic performance, low self-image, etc.). The aim of study was to determine the risk factors associated with alcohol consumption among the undergraduate students in the Gorenjska region. Methods: A quantitative non-experimental method of research was employed. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire. The purposive sample consisted of 328 first-year undergraduate students in the Gorenjska region. The research was conducted in May, October and November 2012. The data obtained were analysed using the descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The greatest influence on drinking frequency for better sociability and relaxation has the average educational attainment in the last year of secondary education (β = 0.168, p = 0.002). The following factors were identified to have a statistically significant impact on the frequency of alcohol consumption during leisure time: friendship (β = 0.131, p = 0.029), frequent socializing with friends (β = 0.127, p = 0.035), support of the family when in distress (β = - 0. 183, p = 0.001) and the average academic achievement in the last year of secondary education (β = 0.098, p = 0.043). Discussion and conclusion: The risk factors associated with alcohol consumption among the students in the Gorenjska region are mainly social (lack of family support, peer pressure) and personal (low self-image, poor academic achievement and leisure time). Characteristics of the study participants in relation to alcohol consumption do not differ from the rest of the younger population.
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