Catherine Horel has undertaken a comparative analysis of the societal, ethnic, and cultural diversity in the last decades of the Habsburg Monarchy as represented in twelve cities: Arad, Bratislava, ...Brno, Chernivtsi, Lviv, Oradea, Rijeka, Sarajevo, Subotica, Timișoara, Trieste, and Zagreb. By purposely selecting these cities, the author aims to counter the disproportionate attention that the largest cities in the empire receive. With a focus on the aspects of everyday life faced by the city inhabitants (associations, schools, economy, and municipal politics) the book avoids any idealization of the monarchy as a paradise of peaceful multiculturalism, and also avoids exaggerating conflicts. The author claims that the world of the Habsburg cities was a dynamic space where many models coexisted and created vitality, emulation, and conflict. Modernization brought about the dissolution of old structures, but also mobility, the progress of education, the explosion of associative life, and constantly growing cultural offerings.
This unique volume offers a definitive new history of European economies at war from 1914 to 1918. It studies how European economies mobilised for war, how existing economic institutions stood up ...under the strain, how economic development influenced outcomes and how wartime experience influenced post-war economic growth. Leading international experts provide the first systematic comparison of economies at war between 1914 and 1918 based on the best available data for Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the USA, Italy, Turkey, Austria-Hungary and the Netherlands. The editors' overview draws some stark lessons about the role of economic development, the importance of markets and the damage done by nationalism and protectionism. A companion volume to the acclaimed The Economics of World War II, this is a major contribution to our understanding of total war.
In 1918 according to the interior ministry in Vienna of the Republic of Austria there was no ‘Gypsy mischief’ anymore. The criminalization of poverty and the assumption about destitute persons would ...endanger the public order and security climaxed a new dimension in World War One, when more than one million refugees from the war zones arrived in the western regions of Austria-Hungary or were evacuated by the military forces. Following the internment camps for refugees and ‘political suspicious’ civilians, a ‘Gypsies camp’ was built in Hainburg an der Donau.
Das Wiener Innenministerium der Republik Österreich ging 1918 davon aus, dass die ‚Zigeunerfrage‘ im Zuge des Ersten Weltkriegs gelöst worden sei. Die Kriminalisierung von Armut und die Annahme, dass Mittellose eine Gefährdung für die öffentliche Ordnung und Sicherheit darstellen würden, nahmen im Ersten Weltkrieg eine neue Dimension an, als über eine Million Flüchtlinge aus den Kriegsgebieten in den Westen Österreich-Ungarns kamen oder von den Militärbehörden evakuiert wurden. Infolge der Internierung von Flüchtlingen sowie von ‚politisch verdächtigen‘ Zivilisten und Zivilistinnen wurde das ‚Zigeunerlager‘ in Hainburg an der Donau errichtet.
After annexing Bosnia-Herzegovina, the role of Austria-Hungary in the territory was also shaped by an effort to culturally “missionize” the country and bring it closer to Central European cultural ...trends. The ongoing industrialization and huge infrastructure projects like the construction of railway lines were considered necessary steps in “civilizing” the province. The Croatian-born journalist, ethnographer and writer Milena Preindlsberger-Mrazović was a loyal citizen of the Monarchy in Bosnia-Herzegovina, who understood the Austro-Hungarian presence there as a “civilizing and emancipating” mission. Her 1908 guidebook Die Bosnische Ostbahn (“The Bosnian Eastern Railway Line”) was written with an effort to present the unknown land along the Bosnian Eastern Railway Line to German-speaking audiences. The paper analyzes the methods used by the guidebook author in transferring Bosnian culturally specific items to German with the aim of bringing them closer to the German-speaking readership abroad as well as to the numerous Austro-Hungarian immigrants in Bosnia-Herzegovina itself.
From the Netherlands to the Ottoman Empire, to Japan and India, this groundbreaking volume confronts the complex and diverse problem of the formation of fiscal states in Eurasia between 1500 and ...1914. This series of country case studies from leading economic historians reveals that distinctive features of the fiscal state appeared across the region at different moments in time as a result of multiple independent but often interacting stimuli such as internal competition over resources, European expansion, international trade, globalisation and war. The essays offer a comparative framework for re-examining the causes of economic development across this period and show, for instance, the central role that the more effective fiscal systems of Europe during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries played in the divergence of east and west as well as the very different paths to modernisation taken across the world.
Embers of Empire Paul Miller, Claire Morelon / Paul Miller, Claire Morelon
11/2018, Letnik:
22
eBook
The collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy at the end of World War I ushered in a period of radical change for East-Central European political structures and national identities. Yet this transformed ...landscape inevitably still bore the traces of its imperial past. Breaking with traditional histories that take 1918 as a strict line of demarcation, this collection focuses on the complexities that attended the transition from the Habsburg Empire to its successor states. In so doing, it produces new and more nuanced insights into the persistence and effectiveness of imperial institutions, as well as the sources of instability in the newly formed nation-states.
Victims' State HSIA, KE-CHIN
2022, 2023-02-23, 2022-05-13
eBook
Odprti dostop
Victims' State is the first integrated account of how Imperial Austria and the successor Austrian Republic responded to the needs of citizen-soldiers and their families in the age of mass politics ...and the First World War. It shows that compulsory military service and war mobilization changed the mission of the Austrian state and citizens' understanding of what they were entitled to, thus showing how war victim welfare was central to shaping modern European welfare state.
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