Medical students are mainly exposed to needle stick and sharp object injuries in the course of their clinical activities during studying. They are at high risk due to their undeveloped skills, ...restricted clinical experience, lack of knowledge and risk perception. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of needle stick injuries of the fourth and final year medical students, and to estimate their knowledge about blood-borne pathogens disease transmission and standard precautions.
This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, in February 2014. The students were invited to self-administer a questionnaire of 26 closed questions prepared for this study.
The questionnaire was filled in and returned by 637 students. The prevalence of needle sticks and sharp object injuries was 29.5%. Needle stick injuries were the most common type of accidents, more frequent among the fourth compared to the sixth year students (p=0.002). The majority of accidents occurred in patient rooms (53%) and the emergency department (15%). 54% of participants reported an accident to the responsible person. Students without accidents had a significantly better perception of risk (3.79 vs. 3.35; p<0.05). Out of the total participating students, only 16.6% (106/637) received all three doses of Hepatitis B vaccination, while 16.2% were partially vaccinated.
There is a need for additional theoretical and practical education of our students on blood exposure via accidents, raising the awareness of the necessity of hepatitis B vaccination, and introducing the unique/comprehensive procedure for accident reporting for students and healthcare workers in the entire country.
Background. Hazardous and harmful alcohol drinking is an important health, social and economic issue in Slovenia amongst all age groups. While drinking in Slovenia has been well researched amongst ...elementary and high school students, there is a lack of research on drinking amongst university students.
Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study among first- and fourth-year students of the University of Maribor, Slovenia, attending the mandatory preventive health check between October 2009 and May 2010. During this health check, they filled in a non-anonymous lifestyle questionnaire. AUDIT-C questionnaire on alcohol use and questions on smoking and illicit drug use were also included.
Results. 3.130 students were included in the analysis, 1219 (38.9%) were males. There were 871 (27.8%) students that were screened as risky drinkers. The highest percentage of risky drinkers attended the Faculty for Wood Technology and the lowest the Faculty for Health Sciences. Students, recognized as healthier by the physicians, reported risky drinking significantly less often (p=0.015). Students with higher BMI reported risky drinking significantly more often (p=0.012). Variables, proved to be independently associated with the risky drinking in the multivariate analysis, were: bad health status (p=0.044), male sex (p<0.001), daily consumption of fried food (p=0.017), smoking (p<0.001), illicit drugs (p<0.001), attending the Faculty for Civil Engineering (p=0.006), not attending the Faculty for Health Sciences (p=0.002)
Conclusions. While the prevalence of risky drinking among students in this study is high, a structured preventive programme should be implemented for students,which will include also illicit drug use and smoking.
Uvod. Tvegano in škodljivo pitje alkohola je pomembna zdravstvena, socialna in ekonomska tema v Sloveniji, ki se dotika vseh starostnih skupin prebivalstva. Pitje alkohola je dobro raziskano med osnovnošolci in srednješolsko mladino, malo pa je podatkov o pitju alkohola med študenti.
Metode. Izvedena je bila presečna raziskava med študenti prvih in četrtih letnikov Univerze v Mariboru, ki so obiskali obvezni preventivni zdravniški pregled med oktobrom 2009 in majem 2010. V okviru tega pregleda so izpolnili tudi neanonimni vprašalnik o življenjskem slogu, ki je med drugim vključeval vprašalnik AUDIT-C za oceno pitja alkohola ter vprašanja glede kajenja in rabe prepovedanih drog.
Rezultati. V analizo je bilo vključenih 3130 študentov, od tega je bilo 1219 (38,9 %) moških. S presejalnim testom je bilo prepoznanih 871 (27,8 %) tveganih pivcev. Največji odstotek tveganih pivcev je bil med študenti višje lesarske šole, najnižji pa med študenti visoke zdravstvene šole. Med študenti, ki so jih zdravniki opredelili za bolj zdrave, je bilo statistično značilno manj tveganih pivcev (p=0,015). Med študenti s povišanim indeksom telesne mase je bilo statistično značilno več tveganih pivcev (p=0,012). Spremenljivke, ki so bile pri multivariantni analizi neodvisno povezane s tveganim pitjem, so bile slabo zdravstveno stanje (p=0,044), moški spol (p<0,001), vsakodnevno uživanje ocvrte hrane (p=0,017), kajenje (p<0,001), raba prepovedanih drog (p<0,001), študij na Fakulteti za gradbeništvo (p=0,006) in ne biti študent Visoke zdravstvene šole (p=0,002).
Zaključek. Glede na ugotovljen velik odstotek tveganih pivcev bi bilo treba za študente uvesti strukturiran preventivni program za zmanjšanje pitja alkohola, ki bi vključeval tudi aktivnosti v zvezi s kajenjem in prepovedanimi drogami.
Študenti s posebnimi potrebami so pomembna manjšinska skupina znotraj študentske populacije, ki jo pogosto spremljajo negativna stališča in predsodki. Ti se neposredno ali posredno kažejo v odnosu ...visokošolskih institucij in njihovih zaposlenih do študentov s posebnimi potrebami. Odnos in posledično vedenje močno vplivata na to, ali bo izkušnja študentov s posebnimi potrebami v visokem šolstvu pozitivna ali negativna, zato je poznavanje stališč in predsodkov ključnega pomena za ustvarjanje celostne slike o študentih s posebnimi potrebami. V prispevku se zato podrobneje ukvarjamo s stališči in predsodki o študentih s posebnimi potrebami, pri čemer se sprašujemo, kakšna so, kako se kažejo, zakaj so pogosto negativna ter katere dejavnike velja upoštevati pri njihovem spreminjanju.
Abstract Aim: To gain insight into the trend of career choice for family medicine in Croatia in recent years. Methods: Six surveys were performed in the academic years 2006/07-2011/12 at the ...University of Zagreb, School of Medicine. Altogether, 1140 6th year students participated. They anonymously completed a questionnaire containing questions on desired future specialisation as well as other selected characteristics (e.g. gender, desired area and place of work, motivation to study medicine, etc.). Binary logistic regression was used to determine unadjusted and adjusted trends. Results: After adjustment for selected factors, the relationship between observed outcome and the year of observation showed an evident decreasing trend. The odds for intention to specialise in family medicine were in the academic year 2006/2007 1.43-times higher than in the year 2007/2008 (p=0.412), 1.85-times higher than in the year 2008/2009 (p=0.168), 2.38-times higher than in the year 2009/2010 (p=0.051), 2.63-times higher than in the year 2010/2011 (p=0.027) and 3.85-times higher than in the year 2011/2012 (p=0.003). Conclusions: The results of the present study offer evidence that Croatia is experiencing a constantly decreasing trend of career choice for family medicine in recent years. It is obvious that final year medical students are not very much interested in working as family practitioners. At the same time, demand for family practitioners in Croatia is increasing. Both academic and professional societies have a social responsibility to reorient the health care system and medical curricula towards comprehensive primary health care in which family medicine has a key role.
Izvleček Izhodišče: Pridobitev vpogleda v trend izbire poklica zdravnik specialist družinske medicine na Hrvaškem v zadnjih letih. Metode: V študijskih letih 2006/7-2011/12 je bilo na Medicinski fakulteti Univerze v Zagrebu opravljenih šest raziskav, v katerih je skupaj sodelovalo 1.140 študentov 6. letnika. Ti so anonimno izpolnili vprašalnik z vprašanji o želeni prihodnji specializaciji in drugih izbranih karakteristikah (npr. spol, želeno področje in kraj dela, motivi za študij medicine itn.). Za določitev neprilagojenih in prilagojenih trendov je bila uporabljena binarna logistična regresija. Rezultati: Po prilagoditvi izbranih dejavnikov je bil pri povezavi med opazovanim rezultatom in letom opazovanja ugotovljen jasen padajoči trend. Verjetnost izbire specializacije iz družinske medicine je bila v študijskem letu 2006/2007 1,43-krat večja kot v letu 2007/2008 (p = 0,412), 1,85-krat večja kot v letu 2008/2009 (p = 0,168), 2,38- krat večja kot v letu 2009/2010 (p = 0,051), 2,63-krat večja kot v letu 2010/2011 (p = 0,027) in 3,85-krat večja kot v letu 2011/2012 (p = 0,003). Zaključki: Rezultati te raziskave dokazujejo, da je v zadnjih letih na Hrvaškem prisoten stalno padajoči trend pri izbiri poklica zdravnik specialist družinske medicine. Očitno je, da študenti zadnjega letnika medicine niso preveč zainteresirani za delo zdravnika družinske medicine. Hkrati pa se na Hrvaškem povečuje potreba po tovrstnih zdravnikih. Tako akademska kot strokovna združenja so družbeno odgovorna za preoblikovanje sistema zdravstvenega varstva in študijskih programov medicine v celovito primarno zdravstveno varstvo, v katerem ima družinska medicina ključno vlogo.
Prispevek obravnava odnos 359 študentov razrednega pouka treh slovenskih Pedagoških fakultet do genskega inženiringa in gensko spremenjenih organizmov (GSO). Izbor odgovorov oziroma soglašanje ali ...nesoglašanje s trditvami povezanimi z GSO izraža negotovost, nezaupanje in odklanjanje. S faktorsko analizo njihovih odgovorov smo prepoznali in ovrednotili nekatere skrbi in strahove, ki se pojavljajo v povezavi z razvojem novih tehnologij, njihov odnos do izobraževanja o GSO ter zaupanje do znanosti.
Glasbena in likovna dela lahko vsebujejo enake elemente in principe oblikovanja. Od njih je odvisna osebna apreciacija umetniških del. Izsledki empirične raziskave o tem, kako slovenski in finski ...študenti razrednega pouka doživljajo obe umetniški področji in se nanju odzivajo, kažejo na nekatere razlike v povezovanju štirih glasbenih in likovnih umetniških del glede na kulturno okolje študentov.
The model developed for evaluating the optimal division of Slovenia into provinces is based on regional centres equipped with activities of appropriate levels, including universities. Connections ...between universities and the industry of a province are important factors in ensuring equal opportunities to access university education. Information on the regional concentration of students and distribution of organizations providing field placements in relation to all organizations in Slovenia is an important criterion of quality of university education. University and professional studies in geodetic engineering for the entire country is conducted at the University of Ljubljana. A comparison was made between the old and the new university and professional study programmes during the transition to the Bologna study programmes, when University of Ljubljana synchronously offered the old and new study programs (academic years 2008/09, 2009/2010, and 2010/11). The focus of this paper is on the role of field placements in the university with special reference to the understanding and evaluation students' and graduates' competences. The demographic composition of students in geodetic engineering with their involvement in field placements is analysed. An analysis of regional distribution mapping and demographic analysis of organizations with the determination of distance from place of residence of students in geodetic engineering to their field placement is presented.
Pomanjkanje telesne aktivnosti in neustrezna prehrana lahko pripeljeta do prekomerne mase telesa in povečanega obsega pasu, ki je dejavnik tveganja za pojav bolezni, odvisnih od centralne ...porazdelitve telesnega maščevja. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, ali je telesna aktivnost študentk povezana s količino in porazdelitvijo maščevja ter oceniti njihovo ogroženost zaradi prekomerne trebušne zamaščenosti.
Raziskava je bila izvedena na Oddelku za biologijo Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani. Spremljano je bilo število tedenskih ur telesne aktivnosti, ki je pomenila kakršnokoli telesno gibanje, ki ga ustvarjajo skeletne mišice in ima kot posledico porabo energije. Študentke Fakultete za šport so bile združene v skupino »športnice« in telesno aktivne večinoma 15 ur tedensko več kot študentke »rekreativke«. Med skupinama so bile primerjane antropometrične vrednosti in ocena porazdelitve telesnega maščevja. Z indeksom pas - boki je bilo ovrednoteno tveganje za pojav bolezni, povezanih s prekomerno količino maščevja v predelu trebuha. Višja stopnja telesne aktivnosti športnic ni bila povezana z vrednostmi telesnih mer in s porazdelitvijo maščevja.
Glavnina študentk izkazuje sorazmerno več maščevja v predelu bokov kot na trebuhu. 5% študentk sodi v skupino z visokim do zelo visokim tveganjem za pojav bolezni, povezanih s centralnim tipom porazdelitve maščevja. Težje študentke imajo tudi statistično pomembno večji obseg pasu. Z vidika ocenjene količine in porazdelitve telesnega maščevja, se stopnja telesne aktivnosti študentk rekreativk ne razlikuje od tiste, ki jo izvajajo študentke Fakultete za šport.
Večina študentk ima periferno porazdelitev maščevja in nizko do zmerno tveganje za pojav srčno-žilnih bolezni. Potrebno je ustrezno obravnavati posameznice s centralnim tipom porazdelitve maščevja.
Lack of physical activity and inadequate nutrition can lead to excessive body weight and increased waist circumference, which is a risk factor for diseases linked to central body fat distribution. The purpose of the study was to determine the relation between the amount of body fat and its distribution to physical activity for female students.
It was also intended to assess their risk of morbidity due to excessive abdominal fatness. The study was conducted at the Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana. Time of weekly physical activity was observed as any bodily movement generated by skeletal muscle and as a result energy consumption. Students of the Faculty of Sports were grouped as “athletes” and physically active most of 15 hours per week more than students from the group “non-athletes”. Between them, anthropometric values and body fat distribution were compared. The waist-hip ratio was used for estimation of the risk of ill health associated with abdominal obesity.
Higher level of physical activity for athletes was not associated with typical body dimensions and fat distribution. The majority of female students demonstrated relatively more fat on the hips than on the abdomen. 5% of them demonstrated high to very high risk for diseases linked to central body fat distribution pattern. Female students with higher body weight have also significantly higher waist circumference. In terms of estimated body fat distribution, the level of physical activity for non-athletes does not differ from that which is carried out by the students of the Faculty of Sports.
Most female students have a peripheral fat distribution and a low to moderate risk for cardiovascular diseases. It is necessary to adequately address individuals with a central fat distribution pattern.
V uvodu je predstavljen družbeni vidik smrti in dejstvo, da se umiranje vse bolj seli iz domačega okolja v bolnišnice in druge ustanove. Zato se medicinske sestre pri svojem delu pogosteje srečujejo ...z umirajočimi bolniki in varovanci, ki imajo specifične potrebe po zdravstveni negi. Spremljanje umirajočih lahko pri medicinskih sestrah povzroča stiske in stres. Študijski program zdravstvene nege namenja zdravstveni negi umirajočih malo pedagoških ur. V drugem delu so predstavljeni rezultati raziskave, izvedene med študentkami in študenti drugega in tretjega letnika rednega študija zdravstvene nege na Visoki šoli za zdravstvo Univerze v Ljubljani. Anketni vprašalnik je izpolnilo 128 študentov. Glede na vrsto vprašanj so bili podatki obdelani kvantitativno in kvalitativno. Med anketiranimi študenti je prevladalo mnenje, da bodo v času študija dobili premalo znanja za paliativno zdravstveno nego. Odgovori študentov na izjave v zvezi z etičnimi vprašanji v zdravstveni negi umirajočih so se pomembno statistično razlikovali od odgovorov zaposlenih na področju zdravstvene nege. Kvalitativna analiza odgovorov na odprta vprašanja je pokazala, da študenti kljub mladosti razmišljajo o umiranju. Rezultati raziskave vodijo avtorici k zaključku, da bi bilo potrebno v bodoče študijski program zdravstvene nege razširiti z vsebinami, ki se nanašajo na umiranje, ne samo v okviru zdravstvene nege, temveč tudi drugih študijskih predmetov.
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