The architecture of the Habsburg period left landmarks in the provincial capital Sarajevo. But this orientalizing ("Moorish") style also found expression in the provinces. More than other places, it ...left its mark on the central Bosnian town of Travnik. Its designation as the seat of the district administration, its connection to the railroad network and construction activity as a result of major fires ensured that the district office was bustling with activity. The central question of this study is the role played by architects and engineers in the service of the provincial administration and their superordinate decision-makers in the spread of this style and the consolidation of a repertoire of forms. How was cultural convergence administered? What forms did it take outside the metropolitan areas? And what about this "colonial" heritage today?
During the Nazi era, about three million Jews and tens of thousands of Sinti and Roma were deported to ghettos, camps, and extermination centers, where most of them were murdered. In over 20 ...contributions, scholars from different countries examine the deportations through a variety of perspectives and questions, with a special emphasis on the discussion of historical source material.
The Religious Cultures of Dutch Jewry presents a variety of religious belief and practice from the early modern period until today. Dutch Jewry was a meeting place of Jews of various origins and a ...microcosm of essential changes in Jewish history.
Two decades before the war against Ukraine, a “special operation” was launched against Russian historical memory, aggressively reshaping the nation’s understanding of its history and identity. The ...Kremlin’s militarization of Russia through World War II propaganda is well documented, but the glorification of Russian medieval society and its warlords as a source of support for Putinism has yet to be explored. This book offers the first comparison of Putin’s political neomedievalism and re-Stalinization and introduces the concept of mobmemory to the study of right-wing populism. It argues that the celebration of the oprichnina, Ivan the Terrible’s regime of state terror (1565–1572), has been fused with the rehabilitation of Stalinism to reconstruct the Russian Empire. The post-Soviet case suggests that the global obsession with the Middle Ages is not purely an aesthetic movement but a potential weapon against democracy. The book is intended for students, scholars, and non-specialists interested in understanding Russia’s anti-modern politics and the Russians’ support for the terror unleashed against Ukraine.
Winner of the 2010 Book Award from the New England Historical AssociationAmerican constitutionalism represents this country's greatest gift to human freedom, yet its story remains largely untold. For ...over two hundred years, its ideals, ideas, and institutions influenced different peoples in different lands at different times. American constitutionalism and the revolutionary republican documents on which it is based affected countless countries by helping them develop their own constitutional democracies. Western constitutionalism - of which America was a part along with Britain and France - reached a major turning point in global history in 1989, when the forces of democracy exceeded the forces of autocracy for the first time.Historian George Athan Billias traces the spread of American constitutionalism - from Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean region, to Asia and Africa - beginning chronologically with the American Revolution and the fateful "shot heard round the world" and ending with the conclusion of the Cold War in 1989. The American model contributed significantly by spearheading the drive to greater democracy throughout the Western world, and Billias's landmark study tells a story that will change the way readers view the important role American constitutionalism played during this era.
The concept of poetic justice is reinterpreted within the framework of cognitive literary theory and is understood as the reader's interpretation. This reinterpretation of the concept is demonstrated ...through Arthur Schnitzler's stories of betrayal, which realise a psychologising version of poetic justice typical of the turn of the century around 1900. Poetische Gerechtigkeit ist ein seit der Antike bekanntes und in der Aufklärung zum normativen Prinzip erhobenes Konzept, das in der Gegenwart weitgehend als obsolet abgetan wird und heute meist nur noch in populärliterarischen Werken präsent ist. Interpretationen, welche die poetische Gerechtigkeit verwerfen, operieren jedoch mit einem traditionellen, textorientierten Begriff und behandeln sie als Strukturelement des Plots. Im vorliegenden Buch wird das Konzept im kognitionstheoretischen Rahmen neu interpretiert und nicht mehr als Bestandteil der Handlung, sondern als Interpretation des Lesers verstanden, motiviert von verschiedenen kognitiven Dispositionen, wie z.B. dem ‚Rechtsgefühl‘, dem ‚Glauben an eine gerechte Welt‘ oder der ‚altruistischen Bestrafung‘. Diese Neuinterpretation wird anhand von Arthur Schnitzlers Verräter-Narrativen erprobt, in denen eine für die Zeit um 1900 typische psychologisierende Version von poetischer Gerechtigkeit rekonstruiert wird.
From 1934 onwards, the city government provided funds to revive the construction industry and to push on with the renewal of the city. Many “outdated” and “traffic-obstructing” buildings were ...destroyed, facades were renovated by removing ornaments and structural elements which were then considered "worthless" and "tasteless”. This book deals with a chapter of the architectural and urban history of Vienna that has thus far been neglected, examines the “healing” of the city in its dimensions as well as the parallel discussions of experts, and compares the renewal of the city of Vienna with similar developments in other European countries in the 1930s.
Die christlich-soziale Wiener Stadtregierung stellte ab 1934 finanzielle Mittel zur Verfügung, um die private Bauwirtschaft anzukurbeln und dadurch die „Stadtgesundung“ (Assanierung) voranzutreiben. Zahlreiche „veraltete“ und „verkehrsbehindernde“ Altbauten wurden abgetragen, Fassaden erneuert und dabei als „geschmacklos“ oder „wertlos“ bezeichnete Schmuck- und Gliederungselemente entfernt. Vorliegende Publikation arbeitet ein noch zu wenig beachtetes Kapitel der Architektur- und Stadtgeschichte Wiens auf, untersucht die Ausmaße der „Gesundungsmaßnahmen“ sowie den begleitenden Fachdiskurs und verortet die „Wiener Assanierung“ in der Entwicklung der Altstadtsanierung im Europa der Zwischenkriegszeit.
Historians have often either ignored Anacharsis Cloots (1755–1794) or considered him deranged because he claimed to be the ‘orator of the human race’ and devised a ‘universal republic’ based on the ...‘sovereignty of the human race’. This book is the first comprehensive study of the entire body of Cloots’s written works and political actions. By contextualizing them, the book non only rehabilitates Cloots as a political thinker worthy of consideration, but also argues that his political thought constitutes a specific branch of republicanism in the age of Atlantic revolutions: cosmopolitan republicanism. The introduction suggests how 18th-century French cosmopolitanism was a new philosophical tradition, but was composed of several themes, which the book then analyses in Cloots’s writings. The first chapter provides a brief overview of his life. The second chapter explains why he called himself orator and wrote pamphlets, and why contemporary readers should not discard this as non-philosophical. Having established Cloots’s writings as constituting a philosophical system, the following chapters explores it through the themes laid out in the introduction. First, the concept of reason and his understanding of science. Second, the paradigm of natural law and the role of nature in moral and political thought. Third, the conception of humanity and individuals in nature and society. Finally, republicanism and its principles. The last chapter summarizes the elements of Cloots’s cosmopolitan republicanism and opens a research programme to other political thinkers in the age of Atlantic revolutions for historians and political theorists. ; Historians have often either ignored Anacharsis Cloots (1755–1794) or considered him deranged because he claimed to be the ‘orator of the human race’ and devised a ‘universal republic’ based on the ‘sovereignty of the human race’. This book is the first comprehensive study of the entire body of Cloots’s written works and political actions. By contextualizing them, the book non only rehabilitates Cloots as a political thinker worthy of consideration, but also argues that his political thought constitutes a specific branch of republicanism in the age of Atlantic revolutions: cosmopolitan republicanism. The introduction suggests how 18th-century French cosmopolitanism was a new philosophical tradition, but was composed of several themes, which the book then analyses in Cloots’s writings. The first chapter provides a brief overview of his life. The second chapter explains why he called himself orator and wrote pamphlets, and why contemporary readers should not discard this as non-philosophical. Having established Cloots’s writings as constituting a philosophical system, the following chapters explores it through the themes laid out in the introduction. First, the concept of reason and his understanding of science. Second, the paradigm of natural law and the role of nature in moral and political thought. Third, the conception of humanity and individuals in nature and society. Finally, republicanism and its principles. The last chapter summarizes the elements of Cloots’s cosmopolitan republicanism and opens a research programme to other political thinkers in the age of Atlantic revolutions for historians and political theorists.
Steel City Readers makes available, and interprets in detail, a large body of new evidence about past cultures and communities of reading. Its distinctive method is to listen to readers' own voices, ...rather than theorising about them as an undifferentiated group. Its cogent and engaging structure traces reading journeys from childhood into education and adulthood, and attends to settings from home to school to library. It has a distinctive focus on reading for pleasure and its framework of argument situates that type of reading in relation to dimensions of gender and class. It is grounded in place, and particularly in the context of a specific industrial city: Sheffield. The men and women featured in the book, coming to adulthood in the 1930s and 1940s, rarely regarded reading as a means of self-improvement. It was more usually a compulsive and intensely pleasurable private activity.
