The study of migration has garnered increased attention by political advocates and social scientists as immigration is heavily debated in the political arena. In an era of increasing globalization of ...economies, migration has also become an integral part of international economics, and remains of the outmost concern among all countries that face immigration challenges. In Europe, the immigrant population has reached an all-time high competing with the so-called traditional immigrant countries such as the US, Canada, and Australia. In France—a longstanding country of immigration— every statistic shows that immigration will keep increasing. Given the recent incidents in France, migrants without documents occupying churches (les sans-papiers), the deportation and expulsion of illegal workers, the popularity of the extreme right in the local and national elections, the heightened anti-migration sentiments2 and complaints that discrimination against immigrants is on the rise, migration management appears to have become rather complex and has polarized debates on migration.
US Treasury Inflation-Indexed Securities were first issued in January 1997. They are now a small but growing fraction of outstanding treasury debt. This article describes TIIS and explores what they ...can-and cannot-tell us about financial market expectations of inflation and real interest rates. The article first discusses the Fisher equation, which relates the ex ante, or expected, real interest rate and the expected inflation rate to the ex ante nominal interest rate. The mechanics of TIIS and how they are traded are described. Finally, the hypothetical components of the yield-to-maturity of TIIS and other fixed income securities are described.
This chapter is concerned with the time-series patterns of mortality, income, and income inequality in the United States and Britain. One starting point is Angus Deaton and Christina Paxson, in which ...pooled time-series and cross-sectional data from the United States are used to estimate a strong protective effect of income across birth cohorts that closely matched estimates from individual-level data from the National Longitudinal Mortality Study. The chapter finds no evidence for the proposition that year and age-specific income inequality is a health hazard; indeed, the regressions show protective effects of higher inequality, essentially because for adults aged thirty-five and over in the United States, mortality declined more rapidly during the period of rapid increase in income inequality in the 1980s than it did in the 1970s, before income inequality began to increase. The chapter extends its analysis to British data, and to a comparative examination of the British and American mortality experiences.
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