Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of incident air kerma (Ka,r) and air kerma-area product (PKA) displayed on over-couch-type X-ray fluoroscopic systems by comparing them ...with the measured values. Methods: An ionizing chamber was placed at the patient entrance reference point to measure the Ka,r. The PKA was calculated by multiplying the Ka,r by the irradiation area. These measured values were compared with the displayed values. Results: The differences between measured and displayed Ka,r and PKA were less than ±35%, which was the criteria of the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS). However, the accuracy of the displayed values differed depending on the manufacturer and the device. Conclusion: Although no error exceeding the JIS criteria was observed, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of the X-ray fluoroscopic systems related to displayed dose and to manage the systems by performing dose measurements periodically.
The goal of our study was to clarify the effect of low pulse rate fluoroscopy applying in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on devices’ visibility and radiation dose. Four types of fluoroscopy ...conditions combined with two pulse rates (7.5 and 15 pulses/s) and two types of adaptive temporal filters (ATFs) (weak and strong) were used. Samples for visibility evaluation were acquired with moving phantom and devices such as stent, balloon, and guidewire. Trailing artifacts and the visibility of stent were evaluated by Scheffe’s method of paired comparisons. Incident air kerma (Ka,r) and kerma area product (PKA) in the clinic were obtained under two fluoroscopic pulse rate conditions (7.5 and 15 pulses/s). As a result, in 7.5 pulses/s fluoroscopy, trailing artifacts were decreased by using weak ATF with the median value of PKA and Ka,r reduced by about 50%, but stent visibility was decreased compared to 15 pulses/s. Therefore, a combination of 7.5 pulses/s fluoroscopy and suitable ATF can bring dose reduction with avoiding trailing artifacts, but dose per pulse should be adjusted to maintain the stent visibility.
Purpose
To provide current data on average air kerma‐area product (PKA) and effective dose (E) for noncardiac interventional fluoroscopy procedures and suggested values of dose coefficients (DCE) for ...conversion of PKA to estimates of effective dose.
Methods
A PubMed literature search covering the time period from 2006 to August 2019 was performed to obtain recent data on PKA, E and DCE for interventional fluoroscopy procedures.
Results
There is very wide variation in the reported values of PKA, E, and DCE in the literature. A number of factors are involved in this variability and the resultant uncertainty in average values of these dose quantities.
Conclusions
The values of PKA, average E and suggested DCE presented here can be of use for comparison of the radiation detriment from different procedures and may be useful for categorizing detriment within an order of magnitude or so. They do not represent actual or expected radiation dose or detriment from any specific procedure or for a specific patient and should be not be used as such.
Purpose: National diagnostic reference levels in Japan 2020 (DRLs 2020) have been published. In the field of angiography, in addition to the fluoroscopic dose rate, incident air kerma at the patient ...entrance reference point displayed on the equipment (Ka,r: mGy) and air kerma-area product displayed on the equipment (PKA: Gycm2) were set. A questionnaire survey was conducted at each facility in the Tokai region to confirm the status of medical radiation dose control in the region. Method: A questionnaire survey was conducted at each facility in the Tokai region. The items were fluoroscopic dose rate in each area (head and neck, cardiac, chest and abdomen, and limbs), DA and DSA dose rates, and dose area product meter (Ka,r, PKA) for the main procedures in each area. Result: The median values in this study were lower than those in the DRLs 2020, indicating that appropriate dose control is being implemented in the Tokai region. The trends of fluoroscopic and radiographic dose rates were different in each area, and there was some variation among the facilities. Conclusion: We believe that the incorporation of fluoroscopic and radiographic dose rates by area into the DRLs will facilitate more appropriate dose control at each facility in the future.
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