This paper presents a method for cloud water path retrieval from daytime MSU-GS measurements onboard the Russian hydrometeorological satellite Arktika-M 1. The technique is based on the physical ...principles of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with cloud particles at wavelengths of 0.55 and 4.0 μm. Cloud water path estimates obtained from the MSU-GS radiometer are compared with similar estimates from the AMSU/MHS and AHI radiometer data. Based on the results of the comparison, the required estimates of the cloud water path of drop clouds are within the permissible limits of the measurement error, not exceeding 50 g/m
2
. At the same time, due to its design features, the MSU-GS radiometer does not allow retrieving the cloud water path of ice clouds with the required accuracy. On average, the cloud water path estimate of ice clouds according to the MSU-GS data is underestimated by 110 g/m
2
, and the root-mean-square error is 158 g/m
2
, when compared to the AHI radiometer data. The estimates of the cloud water path are introduced into the geographic information system Arktika-M, which provides access to the Arktika-M 1 data and the results of their thematic processing in a near real time mode.
Information about the purpose, orbital parameters, and composition of the Arktika-M satellite, the characteristics of the HGHC-VE onboard heliogeophysical hardware system is given. The results of ...measuring fluxes of charged particles and calculating their orbital spectra are presented.
The results of the testing and operation of the Arktika-M highly elliptical orbit hydrometeorological space system are presented. The advantages of highly elliptical orbits, the main characteristics ...and tasks of the Arktika-M No. 1 satellite payload are considered. The description is given of the ground-based segment and resulting information products required to solve problems for the benefit of socioeconomic development of northern Russia.
Despite the long-term studies of mesoscale cyclones in the Arctic region that started in 1960, this atmospheric phenomenon has not been fully understood yet and is extremely difficult to predict. ...This is mainly due to the lack of satellite monitoring of the atmosphere in the northern polar latitudes with a high temporal resolution and an extremely sparse network of ground-based observations in the Arctic. On February 28, 2021, the Russian
Arktika-M
No. 1
satellite was launched, which is the world’s first hydrometeorological satellite operating in a highly elliptical Molniya-type orbit. The launch of this unique satellite with a multichannel scanning unit (MSU-GS) as the main onboard mission equipment opened a possibility of obtaining data on the state of the atmosphere over the entire Arctic region with a frequency of 15/30 min during the working section of the satellite orbit. In particular, obtaining these data makes an invaluable contribution to solving the problems of monitoring and studying mesoscale cyclones in the northern polar latitudes, which is clearly shown in the present paper. The first summary results of monitoring mesoscale cyclones are presented as a map of their occurrence frequency. The potential of using the
Arktika-M No. 1
MSU-GS data coupled with data of the regional hydrodynamic forecast model to perform synoptic analysis by the example of the manifestation of mesoscale cyclogenesis in the Barents Sea on May 31, 2021, is demonstrated.
A new structure element of the Arctic ionosphere has been detected from the data of topside sounding of the ionosphere: quasi-vertical walls of high-density plasma. The importance of studying this ...phenomenon for geophysics and the practice of radio wave propagation in high latitudes is noted. The
Arktika-M
hydrometeorological space complex with an onboard ionosonde is proposed for its study. The possibility of observing and analyzing all life-cycle phases of this ionospheric inhomogeneity is shown.
The satellite ionosondes in highly elliptical orbits are proposed to be used for the task of continuous monitoring of the Arctic ionosphere. The monitoring scheme with the ionosonde location aboard ...the
Arktika-M
satellites is presented. The calculations of the vertical topside and transionospheric sounding using the SIMP1 ionospheric model are performed, which show the feasibility of continuous monitoring.
A possibility for using the promising multipurpose Arktika space system for the development and support of situational awareness of Arctic weather and ice conditions based on the network-centric ...principle is considered. This possibility became a reality when the analysis of synoptic conditions using remote sensing tools progressed from theoretical to practical use.
V prispevku obravnavam odnos do ptičev na severovzhodni Islandiji v kontekstih, ko se te živali vpenjajo v razumevanje časovnosti in sezonskosti krajine. Ptice selivke s svojimi letnimi migracijskimi ...potmi in postanki v času gnezdilne sezone sodoločajo družbeno percipiranje letnega cikla, pa tudi vremena in podnebnih značilnosti ter vplivajo na nekatere nabiralske prakse. Pri tem izpostavljam predvsem vidika ptic kot znanilk pomladi ter (prevladujoče slušnega) zaznavanja ptic v kontekstu sezonskih ritmov in časovno zaznamovanih krajin. V družbeno življenje na severovzhodni Islandiji pa so vpete tudi ptice, ki ostajajo vse leto. Dotaknem se tudi sezonsko intoniranih dinamik, ki vključujejo relacije med več živalskimi vrstami. Različne razsežnosti percipiranja večvrstnega okolja se neposredno povezujejo s posameznikovim odnosom do krajine, hkrati pa pokažejo, da medvrstne odnose soustvarjajo tudi krajinsko in sezonsko niansirana znanja in izkušnje.
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