The greatest challenges encountered in geospatial studies are related to the availability, accuracy, relevance and cost of the data used. The main mapping techniques currently employed are based on ...digital data, which are used to create digital elevation models (DEMs). The aim of the present study is to devise and apply methodologies for the generation and validation of high-resolution mapping materials, usable both for local, large-scale analyses, and for the calculation of certain morphometric parameters based on structure from motion (SFM) techniques, applied to images acquired by means of a drone at low cost. As a case study, the ruins of the Belci dam, located in Romania, were analysed, where, with the help of a drone, GIS measurements were performed on the arborescent vegetation of the study area, and a digital terrain model (DTM) of the dam was generated. The costs of such a methodological endeavour are low, which allows for the repetition of the steps involved in devising the maps necessary for such studies on a weekly, seasonal, or annual basis, or after extreme events (floods, landslides etc.). The cartographic materials created in the present study allowed us to calculate the active section of the left earthfill dike of the Belci dam, as well as the volume of material removed by the flood of 1991.
Avancer que le texte littéraire a joué un rôle dans l’évolution des pratiques d’enseignement / apprentissage du FLE peut paraître une évidence. Pourtant, la place accordée aux textes littéraires ...diffère dans le temps. Or, c’est à un moment où les manuels de cours se détournaient le plus de ces textes que des didacticiens spécialistes du FLE se sont servi presque paradoxalement de la littérature pour élaborer de nouvelles activités qui devaient révolutionner la façon d’enseigner et d’apprendre la matière. Élaborées dans la période des années post soixante-huit, ces activités ont modifié à la fois le rôle de l’enseignant et la place de l’apprenant dans la classe. À l’instar de la littérature qu’il enseignait jusqu’alors, le premier perdait de son influence et se muait en animateur bienveillant. Quant au second, il devenait désormais actif et gagnait en autonomie. Libérées des méthodes du passé, les deux parties poussées à plus d’investissement personnel, devaient également trouver plus de plaisir dans leurs nouveaux rôles.Les littératures à l’origine de ce bouleversement sont dites « créatives ». Leurs modes de production reposent soit sur des techniques visant à libérer les auteurs des règles enclavant leur inventivité, soit sur des contraintes favorisant la production d’énoncés répondant à des modèles préétablis. Il va sans dire qu’appliquées dans les cours de FLE, les deux façons de procéder devaient conduire les apprenants à produire des textes dits créatifs à leur tour. La présente recherche porte sur les textes littéraires utilisés et les exercices qu’ils ont engendrés.
To advance that the literary text has always played a part in the evolution of the practices of teaching/training of French as Foreign Language (FFL) is an obviousness. The place granted to it differs of course in time. However, it is at the moment when the handbooks were turning away from these texts that the didacticians, specialists in FFL, made use of the literature to work out new activities. The latter were to revolutionize the way of teaching and learning the matter. Worked out during the years of post-68, these activities modified the role of the teacher as well as the place of the learner in the class. Following the example of the literature which he taught hitherto, the first lost of its influence and turned into a benevolent instructor. As for the second, from then it became active and gained in autonomy. Released from the methods of the past, the two thorough parts with more personal investment were to also find more pleasure in their new roles.The literatures at the origin of this upheaval are known as «creative». Their modes of production rest either on techniques aiming at releasing the authors of the rules wedging their inventiveness or on constraints supporting the production of types based on prerequisites. It goes without saying that, applied to the FFL courses, the two ways of proceeding should lead learners in turn to produce texts known as «creative». The present research relates to the various literary techniques used and the exercises which they generated.
Mihnea Turcitul, the voivode of Wallachia, strengthens Lecăi from Câmpulung the estates in Steimesti, following a judgment
Mihnea Turcitul, voievodul Țării Românești, întărește Lecăi din Câmpulung ...moșii la Ștefănești, în urma unei judecăți
Sigiliu: aplicat, deteriorat
Mihnea Turcitul, voievodul Țării Românești, întărește Lecăi din Câmpulung moșii la Ștefănești, în urma unei judecăți
Sigiliu: aplicat, deteriorat
