According to the IBC, heritage homes are not as easy as regular properties to replace as it is generally a requirement that heritage properties be rebuilt on the original site, to the original ...occupancy; using materials similar to the ones used at the time it was built. ...in British Columbia, there is a "heritage designation" that provides permanent legal protection to a building but also a "community heritage register" that does not provide permanent legal protection.3 Of the 327 historic places in the Columbia-Basin Boundary Region, 47% have no permanent legal protection.4 The remaining properties may require consultation from heritage organizations for changes, but these are often of minor consequence, such as selecting paint schemes or providing roofing choices. Community Heritage Ontario provides some helpful information.7 * Notes 1. https://heritagemanitoba.ca/images/pdfs/featuredProjects/ LandmarkSites/Portage_LandmarkSites_Heritage_ Manitoba.pdf 2. https://a-us.storyblok.com/f/ioo32O7/x/i2a73O7i5o/heritage-properties-en.pdf 3. https://heritagebc.ca/learning-centre/heritage-place-conservation/heritage-conservation-tools-resource-guides/heritage-designation-a-resource-guide/ heritage-designation-a-brief-overview/ 4. https://stateofthebasin.ca/culture/heritage/historic-places 5. https://www.heritagecalgary.ca/explore-inventory 6. https:// www.gov.mb.ca/chc/hrb/mun/index.html 7. https://uploads.documents.cimpress.io/vi/upIoads/caa3oo5b-a8a9-4i3f-9dc4-dfda2df9oodo~no/ original?tenant=vbu-digital The former Brown's Stock Exchange stable in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba is an example of a heritage building without heritage-related legal restrictions.
For several decades, universities have sought to promote better mental health amongst students. For example, universities now have formal institutional arrangements to postpone deadlines for students ...where there are mitigating circumstances, such as ill health. Such provisions might be understood as praiseworthy cases of institutional compassion. But, empirical research is needed to investigate how these measures play out in practice. This paper draws on ethnographic research in several UK universities to explore the experiences of staff responsible for the enactment of mitigating circumstance provisions. We find staff members sympathetic to the aims of the measures but also sceptical, and in some cases angry, because they find that the provisions have unwanted and undesirable effects. This paper uses the wider social science literature on bureaucracy to consider why this might be the case and raises questions about the capacity of institutions to enact ethical ideals.
: Local governments which are adjacent in administration districts are universally falling into the trap of uncooperation, bringing phenomena that all people care for their own issues merely or even ...the Beggar-thy-neighbor problem. This research focuses a case on the joint law enforcement action on the environment, providing a practical and possible avenue for border governance cooperation. Based on national quarterly air quality data and regression synthetic control methods, this research uses a counterfactual frame to analyze the effects of joint law enforcement and the placebo test to exclude other accidental factors, finding that the joint law enforcement has improved the air quality by 19% on average. Furthermore, based on fieldwork and the theory on the limitations of the modern bureaucratic system, this research discusses the construction of a horizontal communication platform through adjacent party building, which breaks through the restrictions of administrative hierarchy, and finally explores the pa
Limitation riders, which allow the U.S. Congress to forbid agencies from spending money for specific uses, enable congressional majorities to exert greater influence over bureaucratic policy ...decisions than is appreciated by research on policy making in the United States. I develop a theory of limitation riders, explaining why they lead to policy outcomes that are preferable to a majority of legislators compared to outcomes that would occur if this tool did not exist. I assess this perspective empirically by analyzing the volume of limitation riders reported in bills from 1993 to 2002 and all limitation riders forbidding regulatory actions from 1989 to 2009. In addition to supporting the conclusion that Congress possesses more leverage over agencies’ decisions than is currently appreciated, the findings have implications for advancing theories of delegation.
Abstract The purpose of this article is to analyze the position of the Regulation of the Minister for Empowerment of State Apparatus and Bureaucratic Reform (Menpan-RB) Number 13 of 2014 concerning ...Procedures for Filling High Leadership Positions in the Hierarchy of Legislation, and to criticize the mechanism and implementation of the fulfillment process of the Primary Leadership Position (JPT) and building a Bureaucratic Model used by the State Civil Apparatus (ANS) to promote the Performance Accountability Perspective to improve Good Governance and Clean Government. In order to answer the aim of the study, we used a combination of the normative "legal research" approach and the empirical "juridical sociological" approach using descriptive analysis, which aims to obtain a comprehensive description or general description and describe the facts related to general bureaucracy policies, especially the position. This study found that the Regulation of the Ministry of Empowerment of State Administrative Reform Bureaucratic Reform Number 13 of 2014 concerning Filling Certain Structural Positions in Government Agencies has not been binding from the perspective of legal system accountability; thus, it is feared that there may be a lawsuit dispute in the State Administration against officials who have participated in the selection of Position Filling of the High Leadership Position (JPT) Pratama. Abstrak Tujuan artikel ini adalah menganalisis kedudukan Peraturan Menteri Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi (Menpan-RB) Nomor 13 Tahun 2014 tentang Tata Cara Pengisian Jabatan Pimpinan Tinggi Dalam Hierarki Peraturan Perundang-undangan, dan mengkritisi mekanisme dan pelaksanaan proses pemenuhan Jabatan Pimpinan Utama (JPT) dan membangun Model Birokrasi yang digunakan Aparatur Sipil Negara (ANS) untuk mendorong Perspektif Akuntabilitas Kinerja guna meningkatkan Good Governance dan Clean Government. Untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian, kami menggunakan gabungan antara pendekatan “penelitian hukum” normatif dan pendekatan “yuridis sosiologis” empiris dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif, yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran menyeluruh atau gambaran umum serta menguraikan fakta-fakta yang berkaitan dengan hal tersebut. kebijakan birokrasi secara umum, khususnya jabatan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Peraturan Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi Nomor 13 Tahun 2014 tentang Pengisian Jabatan Struktural Tertentu pada Instansi Pemerintah belum mengikat dari sudut akuntabilitas sistem hukum; Sehingga dikhawatirkan akan terjadi sengketa gugatan di lingkungan Tata Usaha Negara terhadap pejabat yang mengikuti seleksi Pengisian Jabatan Pimpinan Tinggi (JPT) Pratama.
This article identifies and addresses key conceptual and measurement issues raised by measures of state capacity in studies of civil conflict. First, it reviews competing definitions and ...operationalizations of state capacity, focusing specifically on those that emphasize (1) military capacity, (2) bureaucratic administrative capacity, and (3) the quality and coherence of political institutions. Second, it critically assesses these measures on the basis of construct validity, focusing attention on whether they accurately capture the theoretical concept of state capacity, and whether they allow the researcher to differentiate between competing causal mechanisms. Third, it employs principal factor analysis to identify the underlying dimensionality of 15 different operationalizations of state capacity. State capacity is characterized by low dimensionality, with three factors — or dimensions of state capacity — explaining over 90% of the variance in the 15 measures. While the first factor, rational legality, captures bureaucratic and administrative capacity, the second, rentier-autocraticness, and third, neopatrimoniality, capture aspects of state capacity that cut across theoretical categories. The article concludes by suggesting a multivariate approach to modeling state capacity, and that (1) survey measures of bureaucratic quality, and (2) tax capacity are the most theoretically and empirically justified.
The literature on representative bureaucracy argues that bureaucrats who reflect the diversity of citizens are more likely to be responsive to the public. Although substantial research has supported ...the claim, most studies are conducted in Western countries such as the United States, and the evidence from other contexts is extremely limited. This raises two important questions: Does the relationship remain valid in a centralized Asian country? If so, under what conditions does representative bureaucracy matter more? This study investigates these questions by using a data set on secondary education in South Korea. Findings suggest that female students perform better when they are taught by female teachers, which strengthens the external validity of the theory. The positive link between female teachers and female student performance is greater when teachers have more discretion and interact more with each other. However, value consensus weakens the relationship between gender representation and student performance. Clientele diversity matters in gender representation at the managerial level, but sector differences are not statistically supported. These findings illustrate the need to take both national and organizational contexts seriously in representative bureaucracy theory.
This study contributes to our understanding of leadership in public sector organizations by investigating the effect of organizational structure on the transformational leadership practices of ...municipal chief administrative officers. Using data from a national survey of senior managers in local government, the findings of this study suggest a number of possible explanations for why public sector organizations exhibit higher levels of transformational leadership than what scholars traditionally expect. Our findings suggest that the structure of these organizations may not be as bureaucratic as commonly believed and that some bureaucratic characteristics had little, if any, adverse affect on the prevalence or practice of transformational leadership behaviors. In particular, although organizational hierarchy and inadequate lateral/upward communication were associated with lower transformational leadership, no relationship was found between transformational leadership behaviors and two types of organizational red tape. Contrary to expectations in the mainstream leadership literature, however, the use of performance measurement by municipal organizations was associated with a significant increase in reported transformational leadership behaviors.
