Filling the Gap in Database Usability Willis, Samuel Kent; O'Reilly, Faye
Information technology and libraries,
12/2020, Letnik:
39, Številka:
4
Journal Article
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Library database vendors often revamp simpler interfaces of their database platforms with script-enriched interfaces to make them more attractive. Sadly, these enhancements often overlook users who ...rely on assistive technology, leaving electronic content difficult for this user base despite the potential of electronic materials to be easier for them to access and read than print materials. Even when providers are somewhat aware of this user group's needs there are questions about the effect of their efforts to date and whether accessibility documentation from them can be relied upon. This study examines selected vendors' VPAT reports (Voluntary Product Accessibility Template) through a manual assessment of their database platforms to determine their overall accessibility.
This perspective provides an overview of the randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and evidence-based clinical practice guidelines in physical therapy. Data from the Physiotherapy ...Evidence Database (PEDro) are used to describe key events in the history of physical therapy research and the growth of evidence of effects of interventions used in the various subdisciplines of physical therapy. The 11,494 records that were identified reveal a rich history of physical therapy research dating back to the first trial in 1929. Most of the randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and evidence-based clinical practice guidelines in physical therapy have been published since the year 2000. This rapid growth presents a challenge for physical therapists who want to keep up to date in clinical practice.
This review aimed to systematically assess the effects of computer-based interventions for the promotion of healthy eating on anthropometric indicators and food consumption of adolescents at school. ...Relevant scientific articles were searched in MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Lilacs, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library/CENTRAL following the recommendations by PRISMA guide in August 2021. The quality and risk of bias in the studies were assessed by two reviewers independently. The search strategy retained 13 studies for qualitative analysis. In total 9.603 adolescents of both sexes, were recruited in a school environment. According to studies with information for the meta-analysis, a reduction in the average consumption of fats in favor of computer-based intervention was identified (SMD: −0.14; 95% CI −0.24;-0.05). Considering the changes in the consumption of fruits and vegetables (SMD: 0.09; 95% CI −0.08; 0.26) and in the BMI (WMD: −0.02; 95% CI −0.18; 0.14), the analyses did not identify the effect of computer-based interventions on these parameters after follow-up. The results of this review demonstrate that there is evidence of the positive effect of using digital technology (website and CD-ROM) in educational programs with a focus on promoting a healthy lifestyle, with evidence on reducing fat consumption.
Eisenstein multimídia: uma transposição de meios Ueda, Cauê; Scavone, Fernando; Moraes, Maria Fernanda Riscali de Lima
Significação (Ribeirão Preto),
02/2022, Letnik:
49, Številka:
57
Journal Article
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Este artigo analisa a transposição do primeiro livro escrito por Arlindo Machado, Eisenstein: geometria do êxtase (1982) para o formato de CD-ROM, explorando os recursos das mídias digitais a partir ...de elementos estéticos derivados do Construtivismo Russo e demais elementos de linguagem do cinema de Sergei Eisenstein. O desdobramento desse trabalho de pesquisa de Arlindo, realizado em pesquisa colaborativa, pode ampliar os caminhos na busca por novas tecnologias.
A collaborative, interdisciplinary study (English, history) of the authors, subjects, contents, and substance of a key early collection of criticism of women novelists, tied to the Queen's 1897 ...Jubilee. Famous or obscure women novelists assess the work of deceased peers, censuring most those who are now canonical. Attending to the style and orientation of particular chapters and some research in publishing history, we suggest varied textual and quantitative approaches, drawing on our database of 1,272 collective biographies of women to explore what we can discover from one book carefully contextualized, instead of distant reading in a much larger corpus.
In an age of “Big Data” the study of the history and archaeology of religion faces an exponentially increasing quantity and range of data and scholarly interpretation. For the student and scholar ...alike, new tools that allow for efficient and accurate inquiry are a necessity. Here, the open-access and digital Database of Religious History (DRH) is presented as one such tool that addresses this need and is well suited for use in the classroom. In this article, we present the basic structure of the database along with a demonstration of its potential use. Following a thematic inquiry into questions concerning “high gods”, individual disciplinary-specific case studies examine applications to particular contexts across time and space. These case studies demonstrate the ways in which the DRH can test and disrupt ontologies through its ability to efficiently cross traditional disciplinary boundaries.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has collected information on policies on sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health (SRMNCAH) over many years. Creating a global survey ...that works for every country context is a well-recognized challenge. A comprehensive SRMNCAH policy survey was conducted by WHO from August 2018 through May 2019. WHO regional and country offices coordinated with Ministries of Health and/or national institutions who completed the questionnaire. The survey was completed by 150 of 194 WHO Member States using an online platform that allowed for submission of national source documents. A validation of the responses for selected survey questions against content of the national source documents was conducted for 101 countries (67%) for the first time in the administration of the survey. Data validation draws attention to survey questions that may have been misunderstood or where there was a lot of missing data, but varying methods for validating survey responses against source documents and separate analysis of laws from policies and guidelines may have hindered the overall conclusions of this process. The SRMNCAH policy survey both provided a platform for countries to track their progress in adopting WHO recommendations in national SRMNCAH-related legislation, policies, guidelines and strategies and was used to create a global database and searchable document repository. The outputs of the SRMNCAH policy survey are resources whose importance will be enriched through policy dialogues and wide utilization. Lessons learned from the methodology used for this survey can help to improve future updates and inform similar efforts.
In Canada, the National Energy Board (NEB) regulates inter-provincial oil and gas pipelines and maintains historical records that contain data on oil and gas pipeline accidents; these data include ...information about operators, the accidents’ cause, and the resulting consequences. New inter-provincial pipelines are being built in Canada to transport fuels, but no comprehensive statistical analysis of the risk to environmental receptors exists. This study assesses the quality and quantity of NEB pipeline failure data available in Canada with a focus on environmental consequences and investigates differences between Canada and a more thoroughly studied jurisdiction, the United States, in tracking accident data. The discrepancies in agencies’ jurisdiction and regulated mileage are analyzed, along with reporting criteria and initial recording year. The level of detail provided by the two agencies is compared, identifying deficiencies in data collection. The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) regulates 76% of pipelines in the United States, whereas the NEB only monitors 9% of pipelines in Canada. PHMSA provides four databases that include accidents from the 1980s for most pipelines and from 2011 for liquefied natural gas facilities; the NEB database includes accident data starting from 2008, which derive primarily from transmission pipelines. Information about environmental consequences is quite detailed in the US database, which reports 21 descriptive fields, whereas in Canada only two NEB database fields describe environmental outcomes. Moreover, dissimilarities in accident reporting criteria prevent the combination of data from the two agencies. Consequently, the NEB database does not allow for statistically robust and system wide analysis of the environmental consequences of pipeline failures in Canada. Furthermore, to calculate failure rates (annual number of accidents per kilometre of pipeline) for regulated pipelines, annual total mileage estimates are required. Mileage per year is provided by PHMSA for gas gathering, transmission, and distribution pipelines starting from 1984, and for hazardous liquid pipelines from 2004; the NEB provides annual mileage from 2010, a shorter period of record. The Canadian federal agencies are encouraged to improve accuracy and consistency in recording past accidents and in collecting pipeline data, with the goal of preventing and minimizing future pipeline failures.
Nanotechnologies in proteomics Ivanov, Yuri D.; Govorun, Vadim M.; Bykov, Victor A. ...
Proteomics (Weinheim),
03/2006, Letnik:
6, Številka:
5
Journal Article
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Progress in proteomic researches is largely determined by development and implementation of new methods for the revelation and identification of proteins in biological material in a wide ...concentration range (from 10−3 M to single molecules). The most perspective approaches to address this problem involve (i) nanotechnological physicochemical procedures for the separation of multicomponent protein mixtures; among these of particular interest are biospecific nanotechnological procedures for selection of proteins from multicomponent protein mixtures with their subsequent concentration on solid support; (ii) identification and counting of single molecules by use of molecular detectors. The prototypes of biospecific nanotechnological procedures, based on the capture of ligand biomolecules by biomolecules of immobilized ligate and the concentration of the captured ligands on appropriate surfaces, are well known; these are affinity chromatography, magnetic biobeads technology, different biosensor methods, etc. Here, we review the most promising nanotechnological approaches for selection of proteins and kinetic characterization of their complexes based on these biospecific methods with subsequent MS/MS identification of proteins and protein complexes. Two major groups of methods for the analysis and identification of individual molecules and their complexes by use of molecular detectors will be reviewed: scanning probe microscopy (SPM) (including atomic‐force microscopy) and cryomassdetector technology.
Cet article propose d’interroger la transition numérique de la bande dessinée franco-belge. Alors que d’autres médias ont été fortement reconfigurés par le numérique, nous montrerons que la bande ...dessinée semble opposer une résistance. L’étude historique des supports de publication permettra, dans un premier temps, d’éclairer les processus de reconfiguration liés à la multiplicité des supports de publication analogiques et numériques. Cette partie historique soulignera l’importance symbolique du rattachement de la bande dessinée au support du livre et les obstacles qui s’opposent à son transfert vers les écrans. Une seconde partie, fondée sur une analyse des représentations des acteurs, montrera comment les technologies numériques ont transformé le marché, les pratiques et l’identité professionnelle des auteurs et des autrices. Nous verrons à quel point le livre demeure une source de revenus difficilement remplaçable et une référence symbolique majeure pour un média dont le patrimoine ne se laisse pas facilement transférer sur des interfaces numériques. En l’absence de véritables alternatives économiques et du fait d’une émancipation médiatique des auteurs contemporains les plus créatifs, les déclinaisons numériques de la bande dessinée ne parviennent, ainsi, pas à transformer en profondeur le champ de production.
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