This article proposes a mechatronic system design for atomic force microscopes (AFMs) in order to realize a large range and high control bandwidth of the vertical probe motion by a flexure-guided ...voice coil actuator. The first mechanical resonant frequency of the actuator is decreased to 67 Hz for a large motion, whereas the second resonant frequency is maximized to 1.15 kHz. The frequency band between the resonances enables two-degree-of-freedom control with a position sensor to realize a control bandwidth of 881 Hz, which is 13 times higher than the first resonance that is the limitation of conventional AFMs. The closed-loop actuator achieves a positioning resolution of 1.7 nm and a nonlinearity of 0.02% for a motion range of 700 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu</tex-math></inline-formula>m. Consequently, the actuator realizes a range-bandwidth product of 617 kHz<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\cdot \mu</tex-math></inline-formula>m, breaking through a theoretical limit of piezoelectric actuators (567 kHz<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\cdot \mu</tex-math></inline-formula>m). The high performance of the actuator is further confirmed by 400 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu</tex-math></inline-formula>m topography measurement in the constant force mode with a bandwidth of 197 Hz. The achieved resolution of the topography measurement is 2.9 nm, and it is demonstrated by successfully imaging nanostructures on a CD-ROM disk.
The National Cancer Institute Initiative in Chemical Genetics is designed to encourage the development of small molecular probes. The probes are useful for activating or inactivating protein ...functions, thereby providing resources that help discern the functions of gene products in normal and disease cells, as well as in tissues. This initiative includes "ChemBank," a suite of informatics tools and databases aimed at promoting the development and use of chemical genetics by scientists worldwide. The information generated with such tools should provide a critical link from genomic discovery to drug development.
The fourth edition of this highly-successful, concise text contains twenty percent new data. Also included now are chapters on (19)F-NMR and (31)P-NMR as well as references to important Raman bands. ...Contains nearly 500 illustrations.
Microtectonics, the interpretation of small-scale deformation structures in rocks, is done with optical microscope and yields abundant information on the history and type of deformation and ...metamorphism in rocks. The results are used by geologists to obtain data for large-scale geological interpretations. This advanced textbook treats common microstructures such as foliations, porphyroblasts, veins, fringes and shear sense. It also provides information on experimental work and the techniques of microtectonic research. Many photographs and explanatory drawings clarify the text. The new edition, substantially revised throughout and extended, features two new chapters (primary structures and experimental microstructures), 90 new figures, 600 new references and a CD with color photos, images, and animations, exercises and questions as well as a glossary. Microtectonics has proven useful for self study of microstructures and as a manual for short- and one-semester courses.
Digging for Data KELLY, SUSAN MEABH
The Science teacher (National Science Teachers Association),
05/2021, Letnik:
88, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Thanks to the development and deployment of federally funded satellite-, buoy-, and aircraft-based remote sensing instruments, continuous streams of Earth and space data are publicly available via ...online databases. This accessibility provides flexibility to explore geoscience data that are interesting and relevant to students--keystone components of the "Next Generation Science Standards" ("NGSS") (Achieve 2013a). In this article, the author outlines activities that leverage archived geoscience data, and describe design considerations for a new 11th-grade interdisciplinary science course that draw on education research and practice. Through pairing of design considerations and application in the context of an urban under-resourced technical high school, the author illustrates ways geoscience databases can be used to realize "NGSS" vision, as well as expand possibilities.
Databases are electronic filing systems that have been set up to capture patient data in a variety of clinical and administrative settings. While randomised controlled trials are the gold standard ...for the evaluation of healthcare interventions, electronic databases are valuable research options for studies of aetiology and prognosis, or where trials are too expensive/not logistically feasible. However, databases exist in many different settings and formats (often developed for administrative or financial reimbursement purposes rather than clinical research), and researchers need to put careful thought into identifying and acquiring relevant data sets. Accuracy of records and validation of diagnoses are key issues when planning a database study. High-quality databases can readily capture outcome data (as part of routine clinical care) without the costs and burden of additional trial-related follow-up, and there are promising hybrid models which combine the benefits of randomisation with the efficiency of outcome ascertainment using existing databases.
AimTo evaluate the discharge planning process undertaken by hospital pharmacists in a paediatric hospital and to identify areas for improvement in the discharge planning process.MethodAccurate and ...timely medicines information at the point of discharge is essential for continuity of care.1 Studies have been conducted on the role of the pharmacist in the adult discharge planning process but very few studies have been conducted in paediatrics.2 Many of the medicines used for infants and children are not licensed or available readily from community pharmacies. The dosage form of paediatric medicines is usually designed for adult use and may not be “age-appropriate” for a child.3 The pharmacy department contact community pharmacies daily regarding paediatric discharge prescriptions, providing information about the discharge medicines. A few days supply of medicines are commonly dispensed as unlicensed medicines and extemporaneous ingredients are not routinely stocked in community pharmacies. The authors contacted community pharmacies for each occasion a pharmacist was involved in the medication discharge planning process during January 2013. Pharmacists were invited to participate in a telephone survey regarding the discharge information they had recevied from the pharmacy department. They were asked to rate on a 5 point Likert scale the discharge information provided to them and medicine information provided to parents/carers. They were also asked if they had to order an unlicensed medicine or make an extemporaneous preparation or if the parents/carers recevied a patient medication chart. Surveys were entered into an Excel database and analysed.ResultsForty-two community pharmacies were contacted and thirty-four pharmacists agreed to participate in the survey. The percentages of community pharmacies that were either very satisfied or satisfied with ordering details and timeliness of communication provided by the pharmacy department were 76% and 18% respectively. 82% of pharmacists were required to order an unlicensed medicine and 18% of pharmacists were requested to make an extemporaneous preparation. 44% of patients/carers received a patient medication chart. 89% of pharmacists were able to obtain a child's medicines before the supply from OLCHC ran out.ConclusionThe current discharge planning process is ensuring a high level of satisfaction amongst community pharmacies with regards to timeliness and completeness of discharge medication information. Hospital pharmacists can provide accurate and timely information to community pharmacies regarding paediatric discharge prescriptions allowing seamless transfer of patients to the community. It was identified that all patient medication charts should be sent to the community pharmacy as standard practice.
This quasi-experimental study used a cancer prevention program delivered by community health workers (CHWs) as an intervention to improve health literacy and increase screening uptake. The ...intervention group was educated by trained CHWs and received information about the nearby hospitals. After education, participants received telephone counseling once a month for 6 months. In the intervention group, CHWs met the participants individually and delivered the CD-ROM containing conversation scenarios with voice during the cancer screening test. The control group was provided educational materials related to breast and cervical cancers and a booklet containing information on mammography and Pap test. This study assessed the difference in mammography and Pap tests between the intervention and control groups. The results showed that the participants' knowledge improved, and the rate of cancer screening tests did not decrease in the intervention group. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and apply various programs that train CHWs and apply them to immigrant women to promote health-related behaviors under the health system that they are not familiar with while living in another country.
HIV/AIDS-related stigma (HIV stigma) affects every aspect of adolescents' HIV management. Adolescents living with HIV (ALWH) are particularly vulnerable in schools where they have described ...experiencing HIV stigma. Teachers play a significant role in their students' lives. Stigmatizing attitudes or behaviors by teachers not only impact ALWH directly, but may influence the attitudes and behaviors of their peers. There is a dearth of literature exploring interventions to address HIV stigma in school-based settings. The objective of this review is to examine interventions to reduce HIV stigma among teachers globally. To conduct this systematic review, we used the PRISMA guidelines. Two articles met the inclusion criteria. Both eligible studies aimed to reduce HIV stigma among teachers or teachers in training through teacher training interventions in sub-Saharan Africa. The interventions included an interactive CD-ROM, a 2-day workshop, and peer facilitated workshops. Both studies demonstrated a significant decrease in HIV stigma in at least one study measure. Findings from this review are inconclusive. There is evidence to suggest that interventions can successfully decrease HIV stigma among teachers, but it is very limited. More research is needed in order to develop, implement, and evaluate stigma reducing interventions in the classroom.
After migrating to Ex Libris’s Alma and Primo for its integrated library system (ILS) and discovery layer, library staff at Simon Fraser University (SFU) maintained duplicate database information in ...a locally developed electronic resources management (ERM) system known as the CUFTS ERM for fifteen months. The CUFTS ERM provided the data for the library’s public-facing database list known as the CUFTS resource database (CRDB). A database search function had been on Ex Libris’s Primo roadmap for product development and was announced six months after the library went live with Alma and Primo. However, the new Primo database search function lacked the ability to replace the CRDB. Members of the library’s ILS Steering Committee who managed Alma and Primo were concerned about significant negative impacts on end-users if the library adopted the Primo database search function to replace the CRDB. The steering committee formed a task group to investigate options for creating a database list from Alma records to reduce duplication of staff time and effort, and systems resources, and to replicate the main functions of the existing CRDB for end-user discovery and access.
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