Se realizó un estudio durante tres campañas sobre el cultivo de camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) para evaluar su respuesta frente a varios tipos de fertilización: lodo deshidratado, lodo ...compostado y fertilización mineral. También se evaluó su rotación con el cultivo de cebada (Hordeum vulgare L.). La siembra se realizó en otoño y se la cosecha en primavera-verano. La germinación del cultivo de camelina fue mayor con la fertilización de lodo deshidratado frente a la fertilización mineral en las tres campañas. La germinación del cultivo de cebada fue menor con la fertilización mineral en la primera campaña y con el testigo en la tercera campaña frente al resto de tratamientos. El desarrollo del ciclo de ambos cultivos (camelina y cebada) estuvo muy influenciado por las condiciones meteorológicas. Se obtuvieron muy bajos rendimientos en la tercera campaña debido a baja pluviometría en primavera y altas temperaturas al final del ciclo de cultivo. La camelina presentó mayor producción con la fertilización de lodo deshidratado frente al testigo y lodo compostado tras la primera campaña. La cebada también presentó las mayores producciones con lodo deshidratado frente al mineral y sin diferencias significativas frente al lodo compostado. Tras las tres campañas agrícolas de cultivo, los tratamientos fertilizantes aumentaron las cantidades de nitrógeno, fosforo y potasio en el suelo frente al testigo y la fertilización orgánica mejoró parámetros del suelo como la materia orgánica. Los mayores rendimientos económicos fueron para el cultivo sin fertilizar y el lodo deshidratado frente al resto de tratamientos.
False flax (Camelina sativa L.), is an oil plant, of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) family. It is a rediscovered crop with multiple uses, it is a frost proof, low-soil and climatic conditions plant. ...In Poland the variety is not very widespread, despite of its health benefits. The particular value of camelina oil is given by its content in polyunsaturated fatty acid (50-60%), by its content in omega 3 (35-40%) and by its content in omega 6 (15-20%). The seeds are used for the extraction of oil (used in medicine or as bio fuel) or directly as animal feed. The research was carried out in the years 2012-2014 at the Experimental Station of Cultivar Assessment in Przecław, Poland. The summer Camelina sativa cv. ‘Omega’was used for the experiment. The studied factors were: A-plant density (200, 300, 400 pcs. m-2) and B-nitrogen fertilization (50, 100 kg∙ha-1). With the increase of the sowing density significantly increased plant density after emergence and before harvest, but reduced the number of silicles per plant. Increase in the rates of sowing from 200 to 400 pcs. m-2 decreased the 1000 seeds weight. Sowing 200 seeds m-2 compared to higher norms had significant effect on reduction the number of seeds in silicle, seed yield and the content of the seeds Fe, but resulted in an increase in the content of the seeds Mn and Zn. On the other hand, sowing 400 seeds m-2 caused a reduction the protein in the seeds, K, and Mg, and an increase fat yield and crude fat content in seeds. The higher nitrogen dose significantly increased the number of silicles per plant, total protein content, Fe, Zn in the seeds, seed yield, yield total protein and the percentage of linoleic and linolenic acids, while reduced the number of seeds per silicle, the crude fat content in seeds and the percentage of oleic acid.
Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz is an oilseed crop touted as being suitable for production in the arid southwestern USA. However, because any significant development of the crop has been limited to ...cooler, rain-fed climate-areas, information and guidance for managing irrigated-camelina are lacking. This study measured the crop water use of a November-through-April camelina crop in Arizona using frequent measurements of soil water contents. The crop was grown under surface irrigation using five treatment levels of soil water depletion. The seed yields of treatments averaged 1,142 kg ha⁻¹ (8.0% seed moisture) and were generally comparable with camelina yields reported in other parts of the USA. Varying total irrigation water amounts to treatments (295-330 mm) did not significantly affect yield, whereas total crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was increased for the most frequently irrigated treatment. However, total ETc for the camelina treatments (332-371 mm) was markedly less than that typically needed by grain and vegetable crops (600-655 mm), which are commonly grown during the same timeframe in Arizona. The camelina water-use data were used to develop crop coefficients based on days past planting, growing degree days, and canopy spectral reflectance. The crop coefficient curves, along with information presented on camelina soil water depletion and root zone water extraction characteristics will provide camelina growers in arid regions with practical tools for managing irrigations.
Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) is an oil plant that can increase farmland biodiversity in many parts of the world. In addition to food importance, it is a good alternative in biofuel ...production. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the response of camelina, the variety Śmiłowska (spring form), to various foliar fertilization. The combined application of three fertilizers had the most positive effect on the tested features and economic result: urea (46% N), magnesium sulfate (16% MgO + 32% SO3), and Plonvit R (multi-component fertilizer). The obtained increase in seed yield after the application of the above variant was 0.54 t ha−1, i.e., 37.5% compared to the control. The remaining fertilization combinations did not have a significant effect on seed yield, which amounted on average to 1.66 t ha−1. The yield of fat and protein amounted to 0.68 t·ha−1 and 0.42 t ha−1, respectively, and was strongly correlated with seed yield. The yielding of the variety Śmiłowska was stable over the years of the study. The combined use of three foliar fertilizers (variant H) increased the SPAD (soil plant analysis development) and LAI (leaf area index) values compared to the control. The application of urea alone reduced crude fat content in the seeds.
Camelina sativa or false flax is an oilyielding plant of the family Brassicaceae. It is an annual crop of the temperate region. It is also a self-pollinating and autogamous plant super(1). The most ...acceptable chromosome number for this plant is 2n = 40 and other values could be due to variation among populations super(2). It can be sown on frozen grounds as well super(3).
Copper mining in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan in the mid-19th century generated millions of tons of mining waste, called stamp sand, which was deposited into various offshoots of Lake Superior. ...The toxic stamp sand converted the area into barren, fallow land. Without a vegetative cover, stamp sand has been eroding into the lakes, adversely affecting aquatic life. Our objective was to perform a greenhouse study, to grow cold-tolerant oilseed crops camelina (Camelina sativa) and field pennycress (Thlaspi arvense) on stamp sand, for the dual purpose of biofuel production and providing a vegetative cover, thereby decreasing erosion. Camelina and field pennycress were grown on stamp sands in columns, using compost to supply nutrients. A greenhouse study in wooden panels was also done to evaluate the effectiveness of camelina in reducing erosion. Results show that camelina significantly reduced erosion and can also be used commercially for generating biodiesel. A 25-fold reduction in Cu content in the surface run-off was observed in the panels with camelina compared to those of the control. Stamp sand-grown camelina seeds contained 20% and 22.7% oil and protein respectively, and their fatty acid composition was similar to previous studies performed on uncontaminated soils.
Camelina sativa is an alternative, low input oilseed crop with oil of high nutritional value. In Slovenia, C. sativa landrace has been grown by local farmers in the Koroška region since the middle of ...the 20th century. In our study, we determined oil and glucosinolate content (GLS) of camelina seed and free fatty acid (FFA), peroxide value (PV), iodine value (IV), tocopherol contents (T), and fatty acid profile of camelina oil from ten locations over three consecutive growing seasons. The oil content ranged from 28.78 to 40.21%, while IV, PV, and FFA fell into a range that makes this oil useful in various nutritional applications. Camelina was remarkably rich in essential n − 3 α‐linolenic acid (33.32–37.65%) and γ‐T (532–798 mg/kg) in oil, and GLS (16.39–41.43 µmol/g) in seed. Due to observed variability, it seems that the seed and oil characteristics of C. sativa landrace are affected by the local environmental conditions at a specific farm location and by variable genotypes between farms as a result of a more than half a century of environmental selection.
Practical applications: Camelina sativa landrace in Koroška, Slovenia has a long history. The agricultural environment together with the traditional diet of this region ensures preservation of this landrace and limits diffusion of modern hybrids. This plant variety has not been characterized yet. The important seed and oil quality parameters presented in this work will be useful for the determination of the nutritional value of the oil, recognizing Slovenian camelina oil as a unique vegetable oil with specific geographic origin as well as focal point for plant breeders.
Ten farm locations in Koroška region (black circles), Slovenia and Europe.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory profile based on the principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis of Euclidean distances as well as evaluate a volatile profile in ewes' ...milk. The analysis was conducted using SPME GC/TOFMS. Tested milk came from ewes fed concentrate supplemented with 10 and 20% Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz cake (CSC). This plant containing unsaturated fatty acids as well as natural antioxidants (for example, tocopherol), may constitute an excellent source of energy in the feed ratio for animals, at the same time improving the composition of fatty acids in milk fats. Milk of ewes fed CSC had a distinct animal, grainy and processed aroma. After pasteurization, the cooked and dairy fat aroma intensified. At the same time the overall dairy aroma, highly characteristic of the control milk, was considerably reduced. An addition of CSC to the diet of ewes resulted in an increase in the content of volatiles, primarily fatty acids. The applied milk pasteurization had a significant effect on a further increase in the contents of volatiles. First of all furans, furanones and furfural, being the Maillard reaction products, were accumulated.
A genomic DNA library enriched with GA/TC repeats from Camelina sativa variety Calena has been analysed. After sequencing of about 200 randomly selected clones, approximately 60 % of them showed to ...contain simple or compound microsatellites with a high number of repeats. Among all microsatellite markers analysed 15 primer pairs amplified polymorphic fragments. Forty C. sativa accessions of different origin were genotyped with 15 microsatellite markers that generated 134 alleles with an average of 8.93 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) among the accessions ranged from 0.0 to 0.15 with an average of 0.0370, whereas the average of expected heterozygosity (He) among accessions was 0.2769. The analysis of the average total heterozygosity (HT = 0.651), the intrapopulation genetic diversity (HS = 0.260), the interpopulation genetic diversity (DST = 0.391) and the coefficient of genetic differentiation among populations (GST = 0.574) demonstrated that 57.4 % of the genetic diversity is among the accessions, while 42.6 % resides within them. Phylogenetic tree of the 40 C. sativa accessions was constructed based on Nei’s genetic distance. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram shows, except for CAM108 and CAM170, a clear discrimination among C. sativa accessions grouping them in five subgroups. ANOVA analysis indicates significant differences in some biochemical and agronomic parameters among the C. sativa accessions grouped according to Nei’s genetic distance. The result of the Tukey HSD test demonstrated that the A4 subgroup showed a significant higher TWS and linoleic acid (LA) content, while the subgroup A1 showed a significant higher linolenic and lower LA content compared to the remaining groups.
Marker-free transgenic
Camelina sativa
(L.) plants carrying a synthetic gene for cecropin P1, an antimicrobial peptide, under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promoter have been ...obtained and analyzed. The plants were transformed with an agrobacterial binary vector free of selective genes of antibiotic and herbicide resistance. The marker-free transformants were screened via measurement of the antibacterial activity of cecropin P1 and enzyme immunoassay. The obtained plants exhibited an increased resistance to infection with the bacteria
Erwinia carotovora
, the fungi
Fusarium graminearum
, and oxidative stress during infection. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of seed oil showed an increased amount of α-linolenic acid in the transgenic
Camelina
lines as compared to unmodified plants. The results indicate that the cecropin P1 gene can be included in an integral antistress plant-protective system.
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