The Economic Competitiveness is a term which has a significant importance in the welfare of a country and also in the development of a company. A simple definition says that competitiveness is the ...ability of a state or even a firm to put in the market products and services that have a high quality and, in addition, are competitive with others in terms of price; being able to bring some profit after covering all the expenses appeared in the production process. The main objective of this paperwork is to emphasize which factors drive the evolution of the economic competitiveness. It is influenced by internal factors – in a microeconomic perspective –, as well as external factors – in a macroeconomic point of view, factors such as: division of labour, specialization, assets (resources), processes and institutions and government policies. The study is based on the specialized literature in the economic field, precisely the one which influence the economic competitiveness. Economic competitiveness is a complicated notion shaped by a multitude of factors, it appears that utilizing multiple or mixed indicators (indexes) of competitiveness is the most relevant technique to estimate its level. Although the traditional theory of comparative advantage controlled global trade thinking for a long time, it is now regarded as an insufficient justification for firms’ competitive advantage in today’s business climate. Advances in technology and innovation, as well as some environmental resource limitation issues, have generated new options for obtaining, preserving, and also enhancing productivity versus opponents in an incredibly challenging, worldwide economy.
This paper reviews the literature on tourism destination competitiveness from different aspects, focusing on comparative and competitive advantages. Also, the paper highlights the importance of ...information and communication technologies (ICTs) in tourism destinations and their increasing impact on the achievement of destination competitiveness. Thanks to the wider application of ICTs in tourism, tourists nowadays are well informed and have access to global market which creates a new dynamic environment by creating a smart demand. Since smartness emphasizes on ICT-based tools, including smartness integration for value co-creation, it can increase and enhance destination competitiveness. In this regard, special emphasis is placed on exploring the core components of smartness and smart tourism destination.
Over the last decade, promotion of competitiveness represents one of the central goals of economic policy of most of the countries. Moreover, in recent years, the promotion of competitiveness has ...been seen as a way of achieving desirable changes in economy and society. While there is no unity of views in the theory regarding the conceptual definition of the phenomenon of competitiveness, it is becoming less arguable that in strictly economic terms, competitiveness is a synonym for productivity. However, it should be noted that productivity growth that is accompanied by increasing social imbalance (for example, inequality in income distribution), on the one hand, and environmental pollution, on the other hand, cannot be a guarantee of improving the competitiveness of countries in the long run. Acknowledging precisely this fact and using the data from World Economic Forum on Global Competitiveness 2013, this paper elaborates on the phenomenon of sustainable competitiveness and tests the hypothesis about the positive impact of its social and environmental dimension on the economic dimension of sustainable competitiveness that is represented by the value of the Global Competitiveness Index. The survey of 34 countries confirmed the indisputable positive impact of the social dimension of sustainability, but also variable direction of the impact of the environmental dimension of sustainability (depending on the level of GDP per capita) on the economic dimension of sustainable competitiveness of European countries in 2013.
The purpose of this study is to construct a regional-sector-fishery-offshore and inshore fishery competitiveness index, examine the types and changes of competitiveness, and derive implications by ...processing data of the Survey on the Current Status of Offshore and Inshore Fishery from 2013 to 2020 for this study. The main results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, considering the competitiveness of offshore and inshore fishery by region and year, Jeonnam, Jeju, and Incheon were relatively competitive. Second, considering the competitiveness of inshore fishery by region and year, we found that Jeonnam, Chungnam, Jeonbuk, and Jeju were relatively competitive. Third, looking at the types of competitiveness based on the competitiveness index in the management sector of offshore and inshore fisheries by region and year, Ulsan, Jeonnam, and Gyeongbuk were relatively competitive between 2014 and 2020. Fourth, Jeonnam and Jeju were relatively competitive between 2014 and 2020 based on the competitiveness index in the fishing sector of offshore and inshore fisheries by region and year. Fifth, we found that Jeonnam, Jeju, and Chungnam were relatively strong in the competitiveness of offshore and inshore fishery, combining the offshore and inshore fishery indexes by region and year. The results of this study have some limitation on outlier treatment, grade assignment, and weight for aggregation, so research considering these needs to be done in the future. In conclusion, the results of this study which were derived objectively and scientifically in the era of the 4th industrial revolution, when evidence-based decision-making was becoming critical, are expected to help the central or local governments determine the priority of support projects or investments.
Tourism destination competitiveness is a multidimensional concept that is widely studied in the academic literature, but multiple factors make its measurement a difficult task. In this article, we ...design a synthetic index to rank the 80 countries that attract the majority of international tourists by level of tourism competitiveness. In order to do this, we use all of the simple variables included in the 2017 Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index, proposing a new methodology for the construction of this synthetic index, which it solves the problems of aggregation of variables expressed in different measures, arbitrary weighting and duplicity of information; issues that remain unresolved by the TTCI. Likewise, we analyse the most influential dimensions in tourism competitiveness. Air transport infrastructures, cultural resources and ICT readiness are the key dimensions that explain the main disparities.
•This paper proposes construction of a synthetic index to classify 80 countries by the level of tourism competitiveness.•The new synthetic index uses the variables included in the, 2017 Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI).•A new methodology is applied to construct this synthetic index, that solves the main problems of the TTCI.•We identified the key pillars or dimensions in tourism competitiveness.•Results reveal that the most competitive countries attract more international tourists.
The study aims to assess the state of research and practical application of the concept of competitiveness in the world, as well as the positioning of Romania as a whole, and in particular of Oltenia ...as a development region, in the context of developments in this important aspect of contemporary life. On this basis and benefiting from the undeniable advantage of interdisciplinary research offered by the Group's almost totally comprehensive heterogeneous expertise, the study puts forward several theoretical and practical initiatives, such as a rigorous operational definition of the concept of competitiveness, the qualification of the development region as a potential complex adaptive system, a simplified formula for calculating competitiveness at the enterprise/company level, as well as the re-establishment of the Romanian Marketing Association (AROMAR) and the Oltenia Businessmen's Club Atlantis/Minerva, as related practical actions.
The article examines the theoretical aspects of assessing the competitiveness of countries and, based on the data of the global competitiveness index compiled by the Swiss International Institute of ...Management, analyzes in detail the ten most competitive countries in the world. The analysis of the index was carried out taking into account different aspects of the countries' competitiveness in 2018-2022, showing the highest and lowest national positions in the fields of knowledge, technology and readiness for the future. Analysis of competitiveness assessments and comparison with other countries helps to identify problem areas due to which the national level of competitiveness is insufficient. Keywords: country competitiveness, determinants of competitiveness, ranking, World competitiveness index.
Ensuring food safety is a key and crucial factor for those agro-exporting nations seeking to improve their competitiveness, opening new options for global markets and positioning their products at a ...better price. A number of international guidelines serve a reference framework for defining national public policies aimed to provide safe food to the population. Veterinary services act as guarantors in this process along all the manufacture and value chain. The public and private veterinary services are nurtured and amalgamate together to ensure the attainment of common goals; strengthen and foment a robust and efficient alimentary legislation by using the World Animal Health Organization's normative as a standard reference. In this conceptual paper, an appraisal about the interrelationship and the interconnection between veterinary professionals and the sanitary management of food hygiene is widely developed by reviewing relevant literature, and discussing current trends. The author adopts an inductive approach, designed to generate understanding and propositions about this relevant topic.
The objective of this paper is to determine the current state of scientific production regarding “competitiveness” in the international context through a bibliometric analysis. This study presents a ...review of 2293 documents published about competitiveness in the international context from the Scopus database (1983–2017). Two different processing software applications were used, Vosviewer and Scimat. Although very recent bibliometric analyses of the topic exist, the methodology applied in the search term is restricted due to the separate use of a single search combination “national competitiveness” or “international competitiveness”. For this work, three combinations of words with logical operators were used, TITLE-ABS-KEY (“international competitiveness”) OR (“national competitiveness”) OR (“export competitiveness”), thus managing to span the concept of competitiveness in the international context in a broader sense. Our results show that competitive research is in a period of high production. The most productive authors and journals are not the most cited on competitiveness. Only three countries stand out with the largest scientific production about this topic. The trend of the most recent research points to knowledge areas in environmental sciences. The most researched geographical areas in international competitiveness encompass the whole world and especially Southeast Asia.
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