The area of tribology deals with the design, friction, wear and lubrication of interacting surfaces in relative motion. Polymer nanocomposite materials are increasingly common and offer remarkable ...improvements in the friction and wear properties of both bulk materials and coatings. This book gives a comprehensive description of polymeric nanocomposites, both as bulk materials and as thin surface coatings, and their behavior and potential use in tribological applications. It provides the preparation techniques, friction and wear mechanisms, properties of polymeric nanocomposites, characterization, evaluation and selection methodology. It also provides various examples of application of polymeric nanocomposites.* Provides a complete reference from the preparation to the selection of polymeric nanocomposites * Explains the theory through examples of real-world applications * More than 20 international tribology experts contribute to their area of expertise
This book covers the principal types of particulate fillers, and their production, methods of characterization, the rules governing selection and use, methods of incorporation, and the choice and ...effects of particle surface modifiers.
The review sets out to highlight the major developments in this field over the last decade. The different techniques used to prepare PLS nanocomposites are covered. The physicochemical ...characterisation of PLS nanocomposites and the improved materials properties that those materials can display are discussed. Processing techniques are critical in polymer manufacturing and this holds true for nanocomposites.
Fiber reinforced polymer composites are an extremely broad and versatile class of material.Their high strength coupled with lightweight leads to their use wherever structural efficiency is at a ...premium. Applications can be found in aircraft, process plants, sporting goods and military equipment. However they are heterogeneous in construction and antisotropic, which makes making strength prediction extremely difficult especially compared to that of a metal. This book brings together the results of a 12year worldwide failure exercise encompassing 19 theories in a single volume. Each contributor describes their own theory and employs it to solve 14 challenging problems. The accuracy of predictions and the performance of the theories are assessed and recommendations made on the uses of the theories in engineering design.All the necessary information is provided for the methodology to be readily employed for validating and benchmarking new theories as they emerge.
Brings together 19 failure theories, with many application examples.Compares the leading failure theories with one another and with experimental dataFailure to apply these theories could result in potentially unsafe designs or over design.
Natural fibres have been used to reinforce materials for over 3,000 years. More recently they have been employed in combination with plastics. One of the earliest examples (1950) was the East German ...Trabant car, the body was constructed from polyester reinforced with cotton fibres. Currently many types of natural fibre are being investigated for use in plastics including: flax, hemp, jute, straw, wood fibre, rice husks, wheat, barley, oats, rye, cane (sugar and bamboo), grass, reeds, kenaf, ramie, oil palm empty fruit bunch sisal, coir, water hyacinth, pennywort, kapok, paper-mulberry, raphia, banana fibre, pineapple leaf fibre and papyrus. Natural fibres have the advantage that they are renewable resources and have marketing appeal. Many, such as pineapple leaf fibre are natural waste products and hence available at minimal cost. However, there can be problems with the technical properties of reinforced materials - moisture absorption is generally high and impact strength is relatively low. The Asian markets have been using natural fibres for many years. For example, jute is a common reinforcement in India. Natural fibres are increasingly being used in the automotive industry in Europe. In 1999 consumption was 21,300 tons and by 2000 this had risen to 28,300 tons. Packaging is a further application in Europe, particularly in Germany. In North America wood/polymer composites amount to a 300,000 ton/year market for use in building and garden products, particularly decking. Wood fibres can be subdivided into two types - hardwood and softwood. These have difference properties. Steam explosion is a common pretreatment for wood fibres as it can increase the specific surface and improve properties of composites, however it can also have a negative effect. A compatibiliser such as maleic anhydride can be more beneficial. This report examines the
different fibre types available and the current research. The authors have cited several hundred references to the latest work on properties, processing and applications. The different methods of fibre pretreatment are examined, together with fibre properties, chemistry and applications. This review is accompanied by summaries of papers from the Polymer Library. These papers are referenced in the report and are also indexed to allow the reader to search for information on specific topics. Key features…; Natural fibre types; Chemistry; Properties; Processing; Applications. Save 20% when you buy 2 or more titles in the Rapra Review Report Series (Volume 9 onwards). Just enter promotional code RRR20 when you get to the shopping cart. Please click here to see the full list of reports available.
This book contains short and concise reports on physics and chemistry of polymers, each written by the world renowned experts. The book has the Highest Impact Factor of all publications ranked by ISI ...within Polymer Science.
