Kalkokambisol (smeđe tlo na vapnencima i dolomitima) jedno je od najzastupljenijih tipova tala u Hrvatskoj. Kako i sam naziv sugerira razvijeno je na vapnencima i dolomitima, koji uključuju niz ...prijelaznih formi stijena u pogledu načina i intenziteta fizičkog i kemijskog trošenja. Na području Nacionalnog parka Plitvička jezera otvoreno je 30 pedoloških profila od kojih je 18 na vapnencima i 12 na dolomitima. Na terenu su bili određeni ektomorfološka i endomorfološka svojstva tla. Na prikupljenim uzorcima tla iz humusno-akumulativnog (A) i kambičnog (B) horizonta određeni su sljedeći parametri: granulometrijski sastav tla, reakcija tla odnosno pH-vrijednost u vodi i vodenoj otopini CaCl2, udjel karbonata te udjel organskog i ukupnog dušika. Najveće razlike u ektomorfološkim parametrima između tala povrh vapnenaca i dolomita utvrđene su u stjenovitosti i kamenitosti – na vapnencima se ona kreće u rasponu od vrlo niske do vrlo visoke, dok je na dolomitima nema. Na profilima kalkokambisola povrh dolomita utvrđen je veći udjel frakcija pijeska i manji udjel gline od kalkokambisola povrh vapnenaca. Dominantna teksturna oznaka u B-horizontu koji je ujedno i dijagnostički horizont kalkokambisola povrh vapnenaca je praškasta glina dok je kod kalkokambisola povrh dolomita praškasto glinasta ilovača. Prosječne pH-vrijednosti i udjeli CaCO3 u kalkokambisolima povrh vapnenaca bili su statistički značajno niže od kalkokambisola povrh dolomita duž cijelog profila. Nije utvrđena značajna razlika u udjelima Corg i Ntot između kalkokambisola povrh vapnenaca i dolomita pa tako nema ni velike razlike u omjeru C/N. Prosječni odnos C/N duž cijelog profila kalkokambisola povrh vapnenaca i dolomita iznosi 14, odnosno dekompozicija traje neometano. Ovim istraživanjem je utvrđeno da postoje značajne razlike u ektomorfološkim (stjenovitost i kamenitost) i endomorfološkim (granulometrijski sastav tla, pH-vrijednost tla i udjel CaCO3) svojstvima kalkokambisola na različitim matičnim supstratima.
Calcocambisol (brown soil on limestone and dolomite) is one of the most common soil types in Croatia, and it is the dominant soil type developed on karst, as well as in the area of the Plitvice Lakes National Park, which is located in the karst area. As its name suggests, calcocambisol is developed on different carbonate substrates, which are different in terms of chemical composition as well as in terms of rock erosion. In the area of the National Park, 30 pedological profiles have been opened, 18 of which were on limestone and 12 on dolomite. In the field, ectomorphological and endomorphological soil parameters were determined. The following parameters were determined on the collected soil samples in the humus-accumulative (A) and cambic (B) horizons: particle size distribution of the soil, soil reaction, i.e. pH-value in water and CaCl2 solution, carbonate content, and total carbon and total nitrogen content using the dry burning method. The highest differences in ectomorphological parameters between limestone and dolomite were found in the classification of rockiness and stoneness, where they ranged from very low to very high on limestone, while they were absent on dolomite. On the profiles of calcocambisol on top of dolomite, a higher proportion of sand fractions and less clay than on calcocambisol on top of limestones was found. The dominant soil textural class of calcocambisol on top of limestone was silty clay, while in calcocambisol on top of dolomite it was silty clay loam. The pH-values of the soil and the proportion of CaCO3 on calcocambisol on top of dolomite were statistically significantly higher than on calcocambisol on top of limestone. Since there was no great difference in the fractions of organic carbon and total nitrogen between calcocambisol on top of limestones and dolomites, there was also no great difference in the C/N ratio. The average C/N ratio along the entire profile of calcocambisol on top of limestone and dolomite was 14, i.e. decomposition continued undisturbed and there was no accumulation of raw humus. The hypotheses in this paper were confirmed, and clear differences in the investigated ectomorphological (rockiness and stoniness) and endomorphological (particle size distribution, pH-values and CaCO3 content) properties between calcocambisol on top of limestone and dolomite were observed.
On the base of newly collected material, a new subspecies of the alpine endemic moth Sphaleroptera orientana Whitebread, 2006 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from the Pale di San Martino Group (Dolomites, ...Northern Italy) is described. Morphological characters of the adults and DNA barcode suggests the presence of allopatric populations of S. orientana in the South-eastern Alps, attributable to two distinct subspecies: S. o. suborientana Whitebread, 2006 in the Catinaccio, the Sella, and the Fanes group, and Julian Alps, and S. o. meridionalis subs. nov. known from the Pale of San Martino group. The main biogeographic barrier is constituted by the complex of the Fiemme valleys-Val di Fassa-by the Pordoi Pass and by the Val Cordevole which from west to north to east separate the distribution area of S. o. suorientana from S.o. meridionalis.
Global changes are recognized as one of the main drivers of biodiversity changes over time, especially in mountain ecosystems. A key approach to detect and investigate the effect of climate and land ...use change on these ecosystems is represented by vegetation surveys. In this study, based on the resurvey of historical vegetation data, we assessed temporal beta-diversity patterns within and between subalpine and alpine vegetation types in the Dolomiti Bellunesi National Park. Resurvey was focussed on plots sampled in four main vegetation types: 1 and 2) Mesophytic and xerophytic grasslands on neutral or base-rich soils respectively dominated by Sesleria caerulea and Carex sempervirens and by Sesleria caerulea and Helictotrichon parlatorei; 3) Acidophytic grasslands dominated by Nardus stricta; 4) Snowbeds with dominance of dwarf willows (Salix herbacea or S. retusa) or Luzula alpinopilosa. Our results revealed a pattern of floristic homogenization in grasslands and snowbeds indicating a decreasing heterogeneity, both within and between different vegetation types that can be associated with different components of global change. The highest temporal beta diversity and floristic homogenization were detected in snowbeds. In general, the magnitude of temporal changes differ between communities, thus claiming for conservation activities that are tailored to each vegetation type.
تنطلق في منطقة "دولوميت" في جبال الالب بإيطاليا فعاليات المِهرجان الدولي للمناطيد ورُغمَ البردِ القارس، يتمتع المشاركون بالإطلالة الساحرة على جبال الالب، وبالاحتفالاتِ المصاحِبة للمِهرجان الذي يستمرُ ...حتى يوم الاحد
The International Balloon Festival, despite the extreme cold, kicks off in the Dolomites region of the Alps, italy, with spectacular views of the Alps and celebrations accompanying the festival, which runs until Sunday.
The sword lily
Gladiolus palustris
Gaudin is protected on European level and listed in Annexes II and IV of the EC Habitat Directive 92/43/EEC. It grows in nutrient-poor, calcareous meadows in ...central and eastern Europe. Tree encroachment in montane meadows of the European Alps as a result of recent land use changes and the abandonment of traditional farming practices threaten the survival of this species. Conservation-driven mowing is considered a feasible conservation measure for maintaining high species diversity in abandoned semi-natural grasslands. To assess the effects of ten years of biennial mowing on a grassland community in the Dolomiti Bellunesi National Park, Italy (Site of Community Importance, Natura 2000 network), ten 25 m
2
plots were established whereby four plots were placed in the mowed area, four in the non-mowed area and two in a small non-mowed patch of grassland inside the mowed area. In each plot the following variables were recorded, total percentage of plant cover, percentage cover of woody species, percentage cover of herbaceous species, percentage cover and number of flowering ramets of
G. palustris
and a complete list of species and their percentage abundance. Mowed plots showed a higher species richness than non-mowed plots. The number of
G. palustris
flowering ramets and percentage cover increased manifold in mowed plots compared to non-mowed plots. The resumption of mowing for conservation purposes undertaken by the managing authority halted the process of tree encroachment and avoided a drastic change in plant composition. Periodic mowing (every second or third year) was demonstrated to be a cost-effective conservation measure in non-productive grasslands to keep grasses at bay in favour of forbs of high conversation value.
7 - tops in the clouds
5 - a mountaineer at dawn climbs the rock faces
4 - dolomitic peaks
3 - woods with autumn colors
12 - then the conquest of the summit
11 - some arduous passes for mountaineers
...1 - valleys, peaks and lodges of the Dolomites
2 - panicles hung outside the house to dry
10 - two climbers in the consortium climb the ice walls of the Dolomites
6 - evocative alpine views: woods, clearings, peaks
9 - mountain huts
8 - then the peaks dusted with snow
1 - vallate, cime e baite delle Dolomiti
2 - pannocchie appese fuori della case ad essiccare
3 - boschi con colori autunnali
4 - cime dolomitiche
5 - un alpinista all'alba scala le pareti rocciose
6 - suggestivi panorami alpini: boschi, radure, cime a picco
7 - cime tra le nuvole
8 - poi le cime spolverate di neve
9 - baite in alta montagna
10 - due alpinisti in cordata scalano le pareti di ghiaccio delle Dolomiti
11 - alcuni ardui passaggi per gli alpinisti
12 - poi la conquista della vetta
14 - the two mountaineers resumed from afar as they face the most difficult passages of the northern edge
8 - the collapse of a boulder in the initial phase of the wall climb worries the dog
5 - the ...departure of the two mountaineers accompanied by a dog
4 - the time of the alarm clock for two mountaineers who slept in tents waiting to start the climb to conquer the northern edge of the small top of Lavaredo
The conquest of one of the most difficult peaks of the three peaks of Lavaredo by two mountain guides
12 - the dog sleeps waiting for the mountaineers to return
2 - cloud vapors thin out in the early hours of the day
1 - suggestive views of the dolomite mountains when it dawns
3 - magnificent panoramic views of some dolomite mountains
19 - the two mountaineers rest at the top with their eyes turned to the sky
7 - the beginning of the wall climb for of two mountaineers who abandoned at the foot of the wall the dog
9 - the two mountaineers continue climbing
15 - the achievement of a terrace that constitutes the only comfortable moment during climbing
20 - the dog continues to sleep
18 - panoramic views of the surrounding mountains
17 - the attainment of the summit
16 - mountaineers resume climbing
11 - the crows twirl
10 - panoramic view from the top of an underlying refuge
6 - the three peaks of Lavaredo with the forks and the various buttresses
21 - splendid panoramic visions of the dolomite peaks that emerge beyond the clouds
13 - slow rundown of the northern edge of Lavaredo's small top
La conquista di una delle più difficili vette delle Tre Cime di Lavaredo da parte di due guide alpine.
1 - suggestive vedute delle montagne dolomitiche quando albeggia
2 - i vapori delle nuvole si diradano nelle prime ore del giorno
3 - magnifiche vedute panoramiche di alcune montagne dolomitiche
4 - il momento della sveglia per due alpinisti che hanno dormito in tenda in attesa di iniziare la scalata per la conquista dello spigolo nord della cima piccola di Lavaredo
5 - la partenza dei due alpinisti accompagnati da un cane
6 - le Tre Cime di Lavaredo con le forcelle e i vari contrafforti
7 - l'inizio della scalata in parete per di due alpinisti che hanno abbandonato ai piedi della parete il cane
8 - il crollo di un masso nella fase iniziale della scalata in parete inquieta il cane
9 - i due alpinisti proseguono la scalata
10 - visione panoramica dall'alto di un rifugio sottostante
11 - i corvi volteggiano
12 - il cane dorme in attesa del ritorno degli alpinisti
13 - lenta carrellata dello spigolo nord dela cima piccola di Lavaredo
14 - i due alpinisti ripresi da lontano mentre affrontano i passaggi più difficili dello spigolo nord
15 - il raggiungimento di un terrazzino che costituisce l'unico momento comodo durante la scalata
16 - gli alpinisti riprendono l'arrampicata
17 - il raggiungimento della vetta
18 - vedute panoramiche delle montagne circostanti
19 - i due alpinisti si riposano in cima con gli occhi rivolti al cielo
20 - il cane continua a dormire
21 - splendide visioni panoramiche delle vette dolomitiche che spuntano oltre le nuvole
7 - the Costalunga crossing with the Ortles massif in the background
4 - a large building at Lake Carezza at the foot of Latemar
13 - the famous towers of the Vajolet as buttresses of the Catinaccio
...6 - other striking views of Lake Carezza
2 - Carnedo castle overlooking the valley
12 - some buildings and hotels
3 - another panoramic view of the valley with the two massifs in the background
15 - the characteristic hairpin bends leading to Pordoi pass
14 - patches of snow mark the dolomite landscape
5 - a corner of the lake surrounded by coniferous forests
1 - splendid panoramic view of a corner of the Val d'EGA in Trentino at the foot of the mountainous massifs of Catinaccio and Latemar
16 - beautiful view of the Marmolada glacier
8 - panoramic view of the town of Nova Levante at the foot of Catinaccio
11 - grazing cattle along the meadows of the Val di Fassa
10 - a typical old mound from the Val di Fassa
documentary showing some natural beauties in the dolomitic valleys of EGA and the Val di Fassa
9 - some images of the remains of two machines involved in an accident
documentario che mostra alcune bellezze naturali nelle valli dolomitiche d'Ega e della Val di Fassa.
1 - splendida veduta panoramica di un angolo della Val d'Ega in Trentino ai piedi dei massicci montuosi del Catinaccio e del Latemar
2 - il castello di Carnedo che domina la valle
3 - altra veduta panoramica della valle con sullo sfondo i due massicci
4 - un grande edificio presso il lago di Carezza ai piedi del Latemar
5 - un angolo del lago circondato da boschi di conifere
6 - altre vedute suggestive del lago di Carezza
7 - il valico di Costalunga con sullo sfondo il massiccio dell'Ortles
8 - visione panoramica della cittadina di Nova Levante ai piedi del Catinaccio
9 - alcune immagini dei resti di due macchine coinvolte in un incidente
10 - un tipico vecchio montanaro della Val di Fassa
11 - bestiame al pascolo lungo i prati della Val di Fassa
12 - alcuni edifici ed alberghi
13 - le famose torri del Vajolet quali contrafforti del Catinaccio
14 - chiazze di neve contrassegnano il paesaggio dolomitico
15 - i caratteristici tornanti che conducono al Passo Pordoi
16 - splendida veduta del ghiacciaio della Marmolada
2 - crowd gathered in a small square in a small village of Tridentino
1 - panoramic view of a dolomite valley in the middle of winter
an evocative short documentary set among the winter landscapes of ...the Dolomites
8 - sleds continue to travel the plain set in magnificent mountains
14 - some ski jumps are improvised not without some capitombolo
7 - the Montanari wade a small stream
5 - the smiling face of a maiden
4 - a typical crevasse with some stalactites
3 - sleds in action
20 - p.p. of the small church of the village
19 - a mountain village
18 - beautiful winter landscapes
17 - vision of a cave
16 - a magnificent mountain lake
15 - more pictures of the skiers on the slopes
13 - the descent along the slopes begins
12 - skiers on the slopes
11 - the typical cloud-rich mountain sky
10 - scenes of life on snows
6 - Montanari with sleds walk the snow-covered plain
9 - a person rides by bicycle the plain arousing the amazement of the Montanari
un suggestivo breve documentario ambientato fra i paesaggi invernali delle Dolomiti.
1 - veduta panoramica di una vallata dolomitica in pieno inverno
2 - folla radunata in una piazzetta di un piccolo paesino tridentino
3 - slitte in azione
4 - un tipico crepaccio con alcune stalattiti
5 - il volto sorridente di un fanciullo
6 - montanari con slitte percorrono la pianura innevata
7 - i montanari guadano un piccolo ruscello
8 - le slitte continuano a percorrere la pianura immersa in magnifiche montagne
9 - una persona percorre in bicicletta la pianura suscitando lo stupore dei montanari
10 - scene di vita sulle nevi
11 - il tipico cielo montano ricco di nuvole
12 - sciatori sulle piste
13 - inizia la discesa lungo le piste
14 - vengono improvvisati alcuni salti con gli sci non senza qualche capitombolo
15 - altre immagini dei sciatori sulle piste
16 - un magnifico lago montano
17 - visione di una grotta
18 - splendidi paesaggi invernali
19 - un villaggio montano
20 - p.p. della piccola chiesa del paese
15 - new panoramic visions of the Brenta Dolomites at dusk, now immersed in fog
9 - Cesare Maestri browses the book of signatures on the summit and rests
13 - magnificent panoramic views of the ...Brenta mountains
6 - the various approaches with which masters passes the delicate passages
the documentary describes one of the climbs of the famous mountain guide Cesare Maestri towards the conquest of one of the peaks of the Brenta massif
12 - masters turns to the summit and greets it with the gaze
1 - slow overview of the Brenta Dolomites mountains
11 - masters runs down the scree after passing the wall
8 - the achievement of the summit
7 - spectacular shooting during climbing
3 - beautiful panoramic views.
2 - a strenuous alarm clock in refuge
14 - the first symptoms of fatigue for masters
10 - the long and delicate phase of the descent
4 - the guide Cesare Maestri resumed in one of his many wall climbs since the first lights of dawn
5 - the slow but safe march of masters towards the conquest of the prefixed summit
il documentario descrive una delle scalate della famosa guida alpina Cesare Maestri verso la conquista di una delle vette del massiccio del Brenta.
1 - lenta carrellata panoramica sulle montagne delle Dolomiti del Brenta
2 - una faticosa sveglia in rifugio
3 - splendide vedute panoramiche
4 - la guida Cesare Maestri ripreso in una delle sue tante arrampicate in parete fin dalle prime luci dell'alba
5 - la lenta ma sicura marcia di Maestri verso la conquista della vetta prefissata
6 - i vari approcci con cui Maestri supera i delicati passaggi
7 - riprese spettacolari durante la scalata
8 - il raggiungimento della vetta
9 - Cesare Maestri sfoglia il libro delle firme in vetta e si riposa
10 - la lunga e delicata fase della discesa
11 - Maestri scende di corsa il ghiaione dopo aver superato la parete
12 - Maestri si rivolge verso la vetta e la saluta con lo sguardo
13 - magnifiche vedute panoramiche delle montagne del Brenta
14 - i primi sintomi di stanchezza per Maestri
15 - nuovi visioni panoramiche delle Dolomiti del Brenta al tramonto, ormai immerse nella nebbia
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