The simultaneous development of both the land and marine-based economy is required to achieve the economic development of coastal regions in China. Based on symbiosis theory, this study discusses ...land and marine-based economic symbiosis mechanisms and uses a logistic symbiotic function to construct a symbiotic evolution model of the land-marine economy. We conduct a division and feature analysis of the interactive model between the land and marine-based economies of ll provinces （or cities） along the coast of China between 1996 and 2013, and discuss their economic development. The results show that, during the study period, the coordinated development model of the national land-marine economy is a parabiosis model. Fujian Province exhibits mutualism, Jiangsu, Hebei, Shandong, and Guangdong show commensalism, while Tianjin, Zhejiang, and Shanghai display parasitism, Guangxi and Hainan exhibit an antibiosis model, while Liaoning displays a parabiosis model. The land economic development model of Jiangsu and Fujian and the marine economic development model of Guangdong are improving the quality and efficiency of the factors of production. All other provinces＇ development models improve the productivity of the production factors to expand the scale of production.
This volume presents papers from a global gathering of the world’s leading development scholars and practitioners held May 31 - June 2, 2010. Paper themes include: Environmental Commons and the Green ...Economy, Post-crisis Development Strategy, the Political Economy of Fragile States, Measuring Welfare, and Social Programs and Transfers.
Keynote addresses:
Elinor Ostrom: Overcoming the Samaritan's Dlimemma in Development Aid --
Torsten Persson: Weak States, Strong States, and Development --
Joseph Stiglitz: Learning, Growth, and Development --
Partha Dasgupta: Poverty Traps
Both climate change and air pollution have large negative impacts on physiological processes and functions at the individual tree level and on whole forest ecosystems. The objective of climate change ...and air quality monitoring is to make decisions, based on scientific knowledge, regarding how to best manage and improve the current state of the environment. Our ability to take urgent measures to combat climate change and its impact on forest ecosystems and conserve forest biodiversity depends upon our knowledge of the latest scientific results on the status of forest ecosystems. Unfortunately, there are a lot of gaps in our knowledge of the detection and monitoring of their effects on forest ecosystems. This book presents relevant results from scientific research in the fields of climate change, air pollution, forest conservation, protection and monitoring that can contribute to a better science–policy interaction and to the elaboration of specific strategies, in accordance with the areas of forest sciences from IUFRO RG 8.04.00 - Impacts of air pollution and climate change on forest ecosystems.
This paper proceeds from the observation that social theory has made tremendous progress in understanding markets but has not yet come up with a proposal regarding how to link the instructive albeit ...occasionally contradicting concepts found therein. By analysing the present concepts in terms of their merits, compatibilities, and contradictions, we attempt to link and integrate the various existing insights in order to understand modern markets and their high complexity and dynamics. Therefore, we argue that more attention needs to be devoted to the disorder (or noise) that is being introduced in modern markets. We define the specific form of disorder on which modern markets rely as a recursive set of mutual observations in the form of competition on both sides of the market. These observations result in the projection of an inescapable and indecipherable audience and become effective through the formation of prices – processes by which complexity in modern markets increases and decreases at the same time.
Introduction. The current transformation of economic relations in the society caused by coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic poses a threat to national security of all countries. However, the ...regulations of the Russian Federation on national security do not provide for such threats and measures to eliminate them, and the economic system has no reserves to provide social support to the bulk of the countryʼs population. The objective of the article is, based on the results of the study, to identify measures to create an effective national security system based on the rhizomatic logic, which allows the economic system to develop in the circumstances of constant bifurcations when a constant choice of the most effective attractor is required.
Materials and Methods. Regulatory documents and publications by Russian and foreign scientists were used as the research materials. The study employed general scientific methods of empirical research, as well as general logical methods and research techniques: analysis of regulatory documents and trends in national security indicators, generalization, induction and deduction, the systematic approach, which made it possible to propose the use of the rhizomatic logic for the formation of an integrated national security system and draw conclusions.
Results. The Strategy for Ensuring the National Security of the Russian Federation has been studied, as well as the parameters of the state of national security; it has been concluded that it is necessary to refine the regulatory framework. The study of the parameters of economic security as the basis of national security has shown that not all the approved indicators are calculated at the national level. These trends are dangerous for economic and national security due to objective reasons; therefore the national security system is not effective.
Discussion and Conclusion. The formation of an effective system of national security of a new type should take place in terms of the rhizomatic logic, which makes it possible to see higher-order systems from the perspective of an observer. This is how effective re-combination of security factors and rapid restructuring of economic relations becomes possible. The article may be useful for researchers dealing with national security issues.
The article reveals the content and explores the conceptual-categorical apparatus of the problem of the «smart city» formation on the territory of a large municipal entity. The classification of big ...municipalities, aimed at their services (communal, educational, medical, public) ‘smartization’, by type, is given. It is determined that smart cities are considered by the world scientific community from two positions: on the one hand, as objects of the spontaneous socio-economic movement, which cannot always be directed in a given strategic direction; on the other hand, as a managerial category – cities that effectively use all available information for better understanding and control of their functions and optimal use of resources available, including the potential of residents. A system of factors, the development of which is aimed at forming the foundations of a smart city, is given. The basis for developing such a system is the concept of sustainable development. Accordingly, the complex of the following factors influencing the ‘smartization’ of urban development is presented: technological (determines the level of development and public availability of digital technologies in urban services); human (creates a space for creativity, learning, obtaining and generating knowledge); economic (outlines the limits of economic capacity of the city, the coordination of economic tasks with social priorities and environmental needs); institutional (forms the basis for proper management of the city’s integrated development, promotes the development of the smart community and the attraction of intellectual capital). The criteria for meeting the goals of smart city management that outline the content and determine the directions of smart administration on the basis of sustainability are given; the factors of the formation of such a city (institutional, social, economic, technological) are presented and structured; accordingly, the concept of «smart city» is defined through the prism of institutional, social, economic, technological and integrated managerial approaches.
This paper is intended as a general comparative study on the economic system of capitalism, socialism and Islamic economics. The comparative analysis is conducted by reviewing aspects of incentives, ...decision-making mechanism and coordination. Inter-systemic review in this paper shows that Islamic economic system is determined by the parameters of its own ethical system which shows originality and relativity. Unlike other systems, the ethical impulse that is based on the Islamic worldview is fully integrated with Islamic economic motives. Limited freedom assigned to the behavior of consumption and production, as well as the emphasis on the distribution of wealth cannot be separated from the purpose of goodness (world and the hereafter).Tulisan ini dimaksudkan sebagai studi komparasi general atas sistem ekonomikapitalisme, sosialisme (ekonomi komando) dan ekonomi Islam. Analisiskomparasi tersebut dilakukan dengan meninjau aspe-aspek insentif, mekanismepengambilan keputusan dan koordinasi. Tinjauan inter-sistemik dalam tulisanini menunjukkan bahwa sistem ekonomi Islam ditentukan berdasarkan parameter-parameter sistem etisnya sendiri, yang menunjukkan adanya orisinalitas dan relativitasnya. Tidak seperti sistem lain, impuls-impuls etik yang didasarkan pada worldview Islam tersebut sepenuhnya terintegrasi dengan motif-motif ekonomi Islam. Kebebasan terbatas yang ditetapkan untuk perilaku konsumsi dan produksi, serta penekanan pada distribusi kekayaan tidak dapat dipisahkan dari tujuan kemaslahatan (dunia maupun akhirat).
The conditions of globalization put forward new threats to the existence of the traditional way of life. At present, poverty of the population, considerable property differentiation, lack of middle ...class, and low level and quality of life in the Ukrainian society are especially dangerous and threatening crisis phenomena of socioeconomic character in Ukrainian society. This fact confirms the statistics of criminal offenses in the sphere of providing the basis of state security, as well as in the field of providing public services, economic activities, and property crimes. Thus, all this, undoubtedly, actualizes the study of the issue of ensuring Ukraine’s state security from threats of socio-economic nature. Providing state security is in the sight of a large number of leading scientists. Note that in this case, the study of the crisis phenomena of the socio-economic nature itself and their impact on the provision of state security has not been given sufficient attention. Therefore, the subject of the study is the definition of the methodology of the impact of crisis phenomena of a socio-economic nature on the state of ensuring the state security of Ukraine to develop a model for the emergence and impact of crisis phenomena of a socio-economic nature on the state of state security. Let’s mention that sufficient attention is not paid to the research of crisis phenomena of socio-economic nature and their impact on the maintenance of state security. Methodology. To determine the theoretical and methodological principles of crisis phenomena in Ukrainian society, to study the state of ensuring the state security of Ukraine, and to develop a model of the emergence and impact of crisis phenomena of a socio-economic nature on the state of security, functional provisions of the theory of state administration, social economics, economic theory, system analysis, and also a collection of other general scientific and special methods are used, namely: systematization of legal acts, structural analysis, historical method, method of comparative analysis, welfare theory, hypothesis, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, structuring and organizational modelling. Practical implications. The emergence of crisis phenomena with a socio-economic component requires governments to make timely and effective management decisions. Such phenomena take central place among the threats to society in the system of ensuring state security. The main crisis phenomena of socio-economic character in Ukraine are identified as high levels of corruption, high levels of poverty, significant property differentiation of the population, social inequality, and lack of a middle class. The analysis of crisis phenomena shows that the most acute, mass, and socially dangerous crisis phenomena are caused by low living standards and unresolved social problems. They are the basis of grave social conflicts between the people and the authorities. There is a developed model of the emergence and impact of the crisis phenomena of a socio-economic nature on the state and shows that today the study of threats to state security, which arose on the socio-economic basis, deserves special attention. The most expedient and relevant is the study of the crisis phenomena of the socioeconomic nature and the development of mechanisms for state regulation of these phenomena.
The paper analyses the experience of post-communist transformation. It focuses on preconditions and causes of differences in the success of this process in different countries. The paper, in contrast ...to the traditional basic division of transformation strategies into gradualist and radical, brings a new perspective. Defining a third, spontaneous transformation trajectory, characteristic of countries unsuccessful in transformation. The paper also points to examples of the transition between individual transformation trajectories and strategies (especially on the example of Slovakia and Georgia).
The article considers the main principles of the system approach and their use in the general disclosure mechanisms in the organization of the systems as holistic entities. Ontological and ...epistemological lines of the concept of the system and highlights the main properties of systems are reflected. Since the system acts as a form of organization of tangible and intangible objects, integrity is determined as the necessary property of sustainable living systems. The concept of sustainability from the point of view of general systems theory is considered, its types are distinguished. Features of the economic systems and the specificity of the concept of their stability is described. It is marked that the majority of biological, technical, economic and other complex systems are characterized by non-Gaussian distribution and as a necessary formal feature of consistency (integrity) of the studied object the presence Zipf-distribution in the population can be used. Differences between the coenoses from deterministic systems and probabilistic objects are marked. Procedures performed in the course of the ranking analysis and the theoretical aspects of optimization of cenoses by holding an item or parametric optimization are considered. The proposals on the use of ranking analysis and rank distributions that are widely used for the study of technocenoses, in the research process and the formation of economic systems are promoted
PDF
