During the first half of the twentieth century, the industrialization of Sweden was completed. A substantial proportion of the population resided in cities. What did the life courses of these people ...actually look like? In this book, four researchers have studied a random sample of men and women in Gothenburg, tracing their movements through the various phases of life, and between residences, working places and occupations. It is an account of important events in the lives of ordinary people during a period when much of the modern society was formed.
The purpose of this article is to deepen the understanding of the spread of participatory governance arrangements (PGAs) in urban politics. While PGAs tend to be viewed from a democratization angle, ...several studies interpret them as part of other logics, such as public management ideals and neoliberal governmentality. By analyzing the policy content, political roots and motives behind the politics of 'citizen dialogue' in the city of Göteborg, Sweden, this article provides empirical insight and elaborates on how the turn toward participatory governance can be understood both from an idealist and a cynical perspective.
Post-war housing stocks have been in focus for modernisation and transformation since the 1980s. Technical deficiencies and social problems related to exclusion and segregation have been arguments ...for investments. The architecture has been seen as part of the problem and alterations to its character have been important in finding solutions. Lately, policy for energy efficient renovation and decarbonisation of the housing sector has put the modern housing stock in focus again. With reference to the lack of common appreciation and understanding of the historical and cultural value of the post-war housing, this paper discusses current policy and its implementation. The paper begins by looking at Gothenburg, the second largest city in Sweden. The development of a Modern Historical Environment program is presented with its application in three examples of housing. These cases exemplify the opportunities and consequences of modernisation and energy renovation on modern heritage. The designation of modern built heritage differs from the designation of older constructions due to its scale and volume. Designating an object refers, on the one hand, to recognising an example of a specific building type and construction methods and, on the other, to its socio-historical context. Thus, both tangible and intangible values are acknowledged. Modern heritage is characterised by its resilience to alterations and allows layers of change to be included, informing about historical events.
Abstract
This article is about the rights of the Roma in Sweden and the level of discrimination that Roma are facing. The aims and objectives of the article is theoretical and practical understanding ...of the situation of the Roma and their human rights through our research and analysis of reports from international organizations, civil society organizations, deep interviews and data from the collected 57 questionnaires. The data is collected during the two study visits in November 2016 and February 2017. The article sumarises the actual situation of the Roma in Sweden and shows new data I have collected while visiting Göteborg, Stockholm, Vänersborg and Trollhättan. I did 4 deep interviews with representatives from Civil Right Defenders, Kronan School and members from UNHCR Sweden. The interviews were composed out of 22 questions about the current condition of Roma in Sweden, implemented projects for improving the Roma human rights, discrimination, police harasment, Roma register, legal remedies against discrimination, financial benefits if persuing education, non-governmental organization working for and with Roma, equitable representation of Roma in the state bodies, affirmative actions (positive discrimination), Romani political parties, allocated funds for projects improving the Romani situation, system of minority right protection, equality of Roma among the Swedish citizens. The questionnaire about discrimination is composed out of 15 questions about the forms of discrimination, feeling or witnesing discrimination, discrimination in delivering services, discrimination in employment, and reporting discrimination.
The mean radiant temperature, Tmrt, which sums up all shortwave and longwave radiation fluxes (both direct and reflected) to which the human body is exposed is one of the key meteorological ...parameters governing human energy balance and the thermal comfort of man. In this paper, a new radiation model (SOLWEIG 1.0), which simulates spatial variations of 3D radiation fluxes and Tmrt in complex urban settings, is presented. The Tmrt is derived by modelling shortwave and longwave radiation fluxes in six directions (upward, downward and from the four cardinal points) and angular factors. The model requires a limited number of inputs, such as direct, diffuse and global shortwave radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, urban geometry and geographical information (latitude, longitude and elevation). The model was evaluated using 7 days of integral radiation measurements at two sites with different building geometries - a large square and a small courtyard in Göteborg, Sweden (57°N) - across different seasons and in various weather conditions. The evaluation reveals good agreement between modelled and measured values of Tmrt, with an overall good correspondence of R ² = 0.94, (p < 0.01, RMSE = 4.8 K). SOLWEIG 1.0 is still under development. Future work will incorporate a vegetation scheme, as well as an improvement of the estimation of fluxes from the four cardinal points.
Post-war housing stocks have been in focus for modernisation and transformation since the 1980s. Technical deficiencies and social problems related to exclusion and segregation have been arguments ...for investments. The architecture has been seen as part of the problem and alterations to its character have been important in finding solutions. Lately, policy for energy efficient renovation and decarbonisation of the housing sector has put the modern housing stock in focus again. With reference to the lack of common appreciation and understanding of the historical and cultural value of the post-war housing, this paper discusses current policy and its implementation.
The paper begins by looking at Gothenburg, the second largest city in Sweden. The development of a Modern Historical Environment program is presented with its application in three examples of housing. These cases exemplify the opportunities and consequences of modernisation and energy renovation on modern heritage. The designation of modern built heritage differs from the designation of older constructions due to its scale and volume. Designating an object refers, on the one hand, to recognising an example of a specific building type and construction methods and, on the other, to its socio-historical context. Thus, both tangible and intangible values are acknowledged. Modern heritage is characterised by its resilience to alterations and allows layers of change to be included, informing about historical events.
Le parc de logements d’après-guerre a fait l’objet de modernisation et de transformations depuis les années 1980. Les insuffisances techniques et les problèmes sociaux liés à l’exclusion et l’isolement ont été des arguments en faveur des investissements. On a estimé que l’architecture faisait partie du problème ; les transformations de sa physionomie ont donc été importantes pour trouver des solutions. Récemment, la politique de rénovation énergétique et de décarbonation du secteur du logement a placé à nouveau le parc de logements modernes au centre de l’attention.
Cet article traite de la politique actuelle et de sa mise en œuvre en évoquant le manque de reconnaissance et de compréhension des valeurs historiques et culturelles des logements d’après-guerre.
L’article prend comme point de départ Göteborg, la deuxième plus grande ville de Suède. L’élaboration du programme « Environnement historique moderne » y est présentée ainsi que son application dans trois exemples de logements. Ces cas illustrent les possibilités et les conséquences de la modernisation et de la rénovation énergétique du patrimoine contemporain. La qualification du patrimoine bâti contemporain diffère de celle du parc immobilier ancien de par son échelle et son volume. La désignation d’un objet se réfère, d’une part, à la reconnaissance d’un exemple de type de construction spécifique et de méthodes de construction et, d’autre part, à son contexte sociohistorique. Ainsi les valeurs matérielles et immatérielles sont-elles reconnues. Le patrimoine contemporain se caractérise par sa résilience face aux transformations et permet aux différentes strates de changement d’être incluses, informant sur sa profondeur historique.
•The simulated average daytime Tmrt for the future scenarios was not higher than in today’s climate.•The spatial pattern of Tmrt was found to be mainly driven by shadow patterns and urban ...density.•Vegetation is shown to be an effective measure to reduce heat stress during daytime due to shadowing.
Spatial and temporal characteristics of outdoor heat stress for a redevelopment area in Gothenburg, Sweden, in a climate change perspective, using mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) as a proxy for heat stress is presented. The impact of climate change on Tmrt was evaluated using statistically downscaled data from a regional climate model. The simulated average Tmrt for the future scenarios was not higher than for today’s climate, because the increased longwave radiation fluxes caused by higher temperatures were offset by reduced shortwave radiation fluxes caused by increased cloudiness. The spatial pattern of Tmrt in the study area during warm and clear weather is primarily governed by the shadow patterns of buildings and vegetation. The highest average-daytime Tmrt was found at open locations, but because open areas also have the highest frequency of sunlit occasions, this does not necessarily imply that open areas are most prone to heat-stress. When considering only occasions during clear and warm weather situations, the highest Tmrt were usually found close to sun-exposed, south-facing walls. Under these criteria, denser urban environments have lower heat stress than more open urban environments. The warmest areas were also found to be the warmest areas in the future as well.
Tree-shadows are an effective measure to reduce daytime Tmrt. Trees was found to have the largest impact on Tmrt in open areas where vegetation is sparse, especially when the distance to the nearest “cool” place is used as a measure of heat-stress.
This book investigates co-housing as an alternative housing form in relation to sustainable urban development. Co-housing is often lauded as a more sustainable way of living. The primary aim of this ...book is to critically explore co-housing in the context of wider social, economic, political and environmental developments. This volume fills a gap in the literature by contextualising co-housing and related housing forms. With focus on Denmark, Sweden, Hamburg and Barcelona, the book presents general analyses of co-housing in these contexts and provides specific discussions of co-housing in relation to local government, urban activism, family life, spatial logics and socio-ecology. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in a broad range of social-scientific fields concerned with housing, urban development and sustainability, as well as to planners, decision-makers and activists.
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