Background: One of the concerns faced by many countries, especially developing countries, is the presence of heavy metals in water, air and food, which directly and indirectly cause adverse effects ...on human health through inhalation and ingestion. Rudbar city is suitable for growing olives due to its climatic conditions, and most of the people living in the area use this product in their meals. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of heavy metals manganese, iron, copper, zinc (Zn), lead and cadmium in the olives of this area. Methods: For this purpose, 13 olive samples were selected and their heavy metal concentration was measured by ICP-OES device. Results: The results indicated that the concentrations of cadmium, lead, manganese, iron, Zn and copper in the samples of Guilan olives were 0.056±0.019, 0.564±0.170, 2.017±0.211, 7.577±1.312, 1.846±0.387 and 4.147±0.901, respectively. Also, in the imported samples it was 0.065±0.014, 0.494±0.153, 1.295±0.353, 3.465±1.066, 1.357. 0.412 and 4.103±1.335, respectively. Conclusion: Except for one, the amount of lead in all Iranian samples was less than the allowable level. It was also observed that except for lead, the concentration of all metals in foreign samples was lower than Iranian samples. Since olives are one of the most popular food items in the area and considered by travelers, continuous monitoring of the heavy metals in this food is essential.
Summary
In this study, the effect of germination in changes on total phenol, flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacity, polyphenols and biogenic elements of raw and germinated barley parts (radicle, ...foliole and germinated grain) was investigated. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of raw and germinated barley parts were recorded to be between 97.61 (foliole) and 164.44 mgGAE/100 g (radicle) to 38.93 (germinated barley grain) and 371.07 mg/100 g (radicle), respectively. Antioxidant capacity results (DPPH and ABTS assays) were recorded between 3.37 (germinated barley grain) and 4.82 mmol kg−1 (radicle) to 0.79 (germinated barley grain) and 2.28 mmol kg−1 (radicle), respectively. The highest total phenol and flavonoid content as well as antioxidant capacity values were detected in radicle. Catechin and kaempferol values of raw and germinated barley parts (radicle, foliole and germinated barley grain) were recorded between 5.85 (germinated barley grain) and 19.71 mg/100 g (radicle) to 3.91 (germinated barley grain) and 4.62 mg/100 g (foliole), respectively. Gallic acid results of barley samples varied between 0.72 (germinated barley grain) and 10.95 mg/100 g (radicle). The phenolic compounds detected in the highest amounts in raw and germinated barley parts were catechin, kaempferol and gallic acid. P and K results of raw (control) and germinated barley parts were recorded to be between 727.64 (foliole) and 2078.10 mg kg−1 (control) to 955.40 (germinated barley grain) and 3982.63 mg kg−1 (control), respectively. As a micro elements, Fe and Zn results of barley samples were identified between 2.95 (foliole) and 14.30 mg kg−1 (control) to 6.26 (foliole) and 24.84 mg kg−1 (control), respectively. Significant decreases in macro and micro element contents were observed during the germination of barley grain compared to the control.
In this study, the effect of germination in changes on total phenol, flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacity, polyphenols and biogenic elements of raw and germinated barley parts (radicle, foliole and germinated grain) was investigated.
The paper presents a new usage of a commercial in–spray chamber hydride generator, Multi–mode Sample Introduction System (MSIS) as a connector of high pressure liquid chromatography and inductivity ...coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (HPLC/HG–ICP–OES). This hyphenated technique was applied in a determination of inorganic and organic arsenic species. The optimization of a hydride generation process in MSIS and a chromatographic separation (using anion–exchange HPLC column with phosphate buffer as a mobile phase) were carried out compositely. The method allowed to determine three arsenic forms, As(III), As(V) and dimethylarsinate (DMA) within 400s of a single analysis. The obtained limits of detection (LODs) were 2.08 μg L−1 for As(III); 6.97 μg L−1 for As(V); 6.15 μg L−1 for DMA and precision 2.7%, 4.8%, and 5.7%, respectively, for 100 μg L−1. The described method was used for environmental and food samples analyses.
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•The new kind of interface in hyphenated technique has been applied.•The hyphenated technique HPLC-MSIS-ICP-OES had been optimized and validated.•The application for routine speciation analysis has been elaborated.
•This is the first report on the mineral content of 30 Brassicaceae microgreens.•Macro- and minor-elemental analyses were conducted by ICP OES.•Potassium was the most abundant macroelement, followed ...by P, Ca, Mg, and Na.•Among the trace elements, Fe was highest, followed by Zn, Mn, and Cu.•Brassicaceae microgreens assayed are good sources of essential elements.
The mineral element composition was analyzed for 30 varieties of microgreens, representing 10 species within 6 genera of the Brassicaceae family. Brassicaceae microgreens were assayed for concentrations of macroelements, including calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorous (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and of microelements, including copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn). Determinations of mineral elements in microgreen samples were performed using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP OES). Potassium was the most abundant macroelement ranging from 176 to 387mg/100g fresh weight (FW), followed by P (52–86mg/100g FW), Ca (28–66mg/100g FW), Mg (28–66mg/100g FW), and Na (19–68mg/100g FW). Among the microelements, Fe tended to be most abundant (0.47–0.84mg/100g FW), followed by Zn (0.22–0.51mg/100g FW), Mn (0.17–0.48mg/100g FW), and Cu (0.041–0.13mg/100g FW). Based upon the analysis of 30 varieties, the results demonstrate that microgreens are good sources of both macroelements (K and Ca) and microelements (Fe and Zn.). Consumption of microgreens could be a health-promoting strategy to meet dietary reference intake requirements for essential elements beneficial to human health.
Kinetics of Fe silicates formation during iron corrosion in deaerated Si-containing solutions (Si concentrations varying from ≈0 to ≈110 mg L−1) were investigated for pH ranging from 7.5 to 10.1 at ...50 °C. All Si consumption curves showed an induction period characteristic of nucleation and growth processes involved in Fe silicate formation. The experimental data obtained at pH≈ 7.5 and pH≈ 8.1 were correctly reproduced with a simplified model considering only the growth mechanism from dissolved species. This model however failed to reproduce the results obtained at pH≈ 10.1. Improving the description of nucleation processes seems necessary to achieve a more predictive modelling.
•Fe silicate formation during Fe corrosion occurs by nucleation and growth processes.•Fe silicate formation was modeled considering only the growth from dissolved species.•The proposed model reproduces correctly the data collected at pH 7.5 and 8.1.•This model fails to reproduce the results obtained at pH≈ 10.1.
•Analysis of inorganic constituents in plants by ICP OES and GF AAS is developed.•Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, Pb, Se and Zn are determined in eleven plant samples.•Teas were prepared by two methods ...(infusion and decoction).•Estimated intake of elements in teas compared with the daily recommended intake was assessed.
The determination of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, Pb, and Zn by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), and Se by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF AAS), has been carried out in dry matter and teas from 11 samples of the cat’s claw plant. The accuracy and precision values were verified against GBW 07604 (Poplar leaves) certified reference material and by the recovery test. Results showed a high content of Ca in the medicinal plant studied, followed by Mg and P. The values obtained showed that the elements studied have different concentrations depending on the method of tea preparation. The highest levels were observed in Ca and Mg, and the lowest for Se and Pb, by both infusion and decoction. Teas prepared from this plant were found to be at safe levels for human consumption, and may be suitable as sources of these elements in the human diet.
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•Synthesis and characterization of novel Cu (II) and Zn (II) complexes of 5-{(2-Hydroxyethyl) sulfanyl methyl}-8-hydroxyquinoline.•Both inhibitors are mixed type.•The anticorrosive ...activity of two complexes is achieved by an experimental electrochemical (EIS and PDP) and Theoretical (DFT and MD) techniques.
Two new complexes were synthesized, characterized and tested as inhibitors for mild steel corrosion in 1.0 M HCl. The anticorrosive effect has been studied using the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The inhibitory efficiency increases with increasing concentration to reach 96.0% for Q-Cu and 94.6% for Q-Zn at 10−3 M. The two inhibitors are mixed type and follows the Langmuir isotherm adsorption. The surface of the mild steel has been examined by SEM/EDS and the corrosive solution by ICP-OES. DFT calculations and molecular dynamic simulation (MD) show a good correlation with the experimental results for both complexes.
In forensic toxicology, precise determination of toxic trace metals in biological samples is critical. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), which has a low limit of ...detection, high sensitivity, accurate testing, and high analytical efficiency, is one of the most widely used techniques for determining the level of toxic trace metals in biological samples. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of ICP-OES in estimating cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in whole blood samples when viewed axially, dual, and radially. All the samples that were analyzed were digested in 1.5 ml HNO
3
and 2 ml H
2
O
2
. Selectivity, linearity, recovery, limits of detection (LOD), and quantification (LOQ) were used to validate the system. Cd-axial and radial recovery values were between 82-96 and 84-97%, while Pb-axial and radial recovery values were between 85-94 and 83-99%. Dual Cd-axial and radial recovery values were between 80-92 and 82-94%, while dual Pb-axial and radial recovery values were between 77-92 and 75-96%. The results demonstrated that the axillary and radially view is preferable to the dual view when using separate axially and radially view inductively coupled plasmas (ICP). In axillary and radially views, Cd's recovery rates were better than Pb's in the separate mode, but overall they were satisfactory. The recovery values for Cd and Pb in the dual view were acceptable but not sufficient.
Background: The entry of heavy metals into the food chain is an important environmental challenge for humans. Due to their potential for accumulating in the body, the different aspects of the hazard ...posed by heavy metals should be carefully examined. Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the concentrations of heavy metals such as Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), and Nickel (Ni) in tuber crops i.e., potatoes and onions in Rasht, north of Iran. Materials & Methods: A total of 140 potatoes and onions that were planted in difference cities of Iran were randomly procured from the city's fresh market in the spring during ten-day intervals. The acid digestion method was used for the preparation of the samples and the heavy metals were measured using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). Results: The mean concentration of Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni found in the potato samples were 0.057, 0.079, 0.299, and 0.190 mg/kg of dry weight, respectively. The mean concentration of Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni found in the onion samples were 0.067, 0.020, 0.275, and 0.235 mg/kg of dry weight, respectively. In both products, the amount of As was less than the device’s detection limit (1.187 ppb). The mean concentration of heavy metals in the products received from the northern region was higher than the central and southern parts of Iran. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the mean concentration of Pb in both potatoes and onions were in the normal range. Similarly, the mean concentration of Cd, in onions was under the standard limit, but it was higher than the standard limit in some potato samples. Also, the mean concentration of Cr was higher than the standard limit.