Etnia Bajo merupakan suatu komunitas berbudaya Melayu hidup secara berkelompok di berbagai wilayah pesisir pantai dan pulau terpencil eli Nusantara dan Asia Tenggara. Di Kawasan Barat Indonesia ...dan Malay sia Barat disebut Orang Laut, atau Suku Laut. Di Malaysia Timur, Brunai Darussalam, dan Philipina disebut Orang Bajau.Meskipun memiliki nama yang berbeda-beda berdasarkan geografis tempat tinggalnya, tetapi dari segi budaya memiliki persamaan khususnya proses pewarisan pengetahuan, nilai, dan keterampilan dalam bentuk penguatan komunitas melalui tradisi lisan Iko-iko, nauya (nyanyian) dan pantun. Beberapa kajian menunjukkan bahwa Etnis Bajo ini berasal dari Selat Malaka, selanjutnya mereka tersebar di kawasan Kepulauan Melayu (Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunai Darussalam, dan Philipina) akibat kedatangan imperialisme Portugis yang merebut Malaka pada tahun 1511, Orang Bajo sebagai salah satu inti rakyat Kerajaan Malaka bangkit melawan Imperialisme Portugis, setelah kerajaannya takluk. mereka tetap melan jutkan perlawanan eli laut dengan tersebar di eli berbagai kawasan tersebut. Pola pemukiman yang semi nomaden sebagai nelayan tradisional, mengakibatkan mereka mengembangkan sistem pembelajaran asli (learning comunitas system). Salah satu media pembelajaran yang banyak digunakan adalah iko-iko (cerita kepahlawanan), jenis tradisi lisan ini terancam punah karena kurang eliminati generasi muda, umumnya mereka yang bisa mengisahkannya berusia sekitar 50 tahun ke atas. Tradisi sastra iko-iko berperan menyam paikan pesan moral dan semangat juang yang dituturkan secara lisan dari generasi ke generasi, berkisah tentang kepahlawanan dan elibawakan selama beberapa jam yang dinyanyikan menjelang tidur dan atau saat dalam pelayaran. Ciri khas iko-iko adalah lirik dan baitnya secara teratur yang mencerminkan sastra Melayu, sehingga persebaran Etnis Bajo dengan sastra iko-iko ikut menyebarkan Budaya Melayu ke Asia Tenggara, yang kelak menjaeli perekat persatuan Nusantara dan Asia Tenggara. Generasi muda Bajo seka rang kurang tertarik mewarisi iko-iko yang memiliki banyak versi dan judul kisah, maka untuk. menjaga kelestariannya, perlu pendokumentasian dan transliterasi untuk selanjutnya eliterbitkan menjadi buku dan artikel ilmiah.
Lustmord Tatar, Maria
2020, 1995, 2020-08-04
eBook
In a book that confronts our society's obsession with sexual violence, Maria Tatar seeks the meaning behind one of the most disturbing images of twentieth-century Western culture: the violated female ...corpse. This image is so prevalent in painting, literature, film, and, most recently, in mass media, that we rarely question what is at stake in its representation. Tatar, however, challenges us to consider what is taking place--both artistically and socially--in the construction and circulation of scenes depicting sexual murder. In examining images of sexual murder ( Lustmord ), she produces a riveting study of how art and murder have intersected in the sexual politics of culture from Weimar Germany to the present.
Tatar focuses attention on the politically turbulent Weimar Republic, often viewed as the birthplace of a transgressive avant-garde modernism, where representations of female sexual mutilation abound. Here a revealing episode in the gender politics of cultural production unfolds as male artists and writers, working in a society consumed by fear of outside threats, envision women as enemies that can be contained and mastered through transcendent artistic expression. Not only does Tatar show that male artists openly identified with real-life sexual murderers--George Grosz posed as Jack the Ripper in a photograph where his model and future wife was the target of his knife--but she also reveals the ways in which victims were disavowed and erased.
Tatar first analyzes actual cases of sexual murder that aroused wide public interest in Weimar Germany. She then considers how the representation of murdered women in visual and literary works functions as a strategy for managing social and sexual anxieties, and shows how violence against women can be linked to the war trauma, to urban pathologies, and to the politics of cultural production and biological reproduction.
In exploring the complex relationship between victim and agent in cases of sexual murder, Tatar explains how the roles came to be destabilized and reversed, turning the perpetrator of criminal deeds into a defenseless victim of seductive evil. Throughout the West today, the creation of similar ideological constructions still occurs in societies that have only recently begun to validate the voices of its victims. Maria Tatar's book opens up an important discussion for readers seeking to understand the forces behind sexual violence and its portrayal in the cultural media throughout this century.
The Sama-Bajau, or Bajo diaspora, extends from the southern Philippines and Sabah (Malaysian Borneo) to the eastern part of Indonesia. The Indonesian Bajo, now scattered along the coasts of Sulawesi ...(Celebes) and East Kalimantan, the Eastern Lesser Sunda Islands and Maluku, were once mostly nomadic fishermen of the sea or ocean freight carriers. Today, the Bajo are almost all fishermen and settled. Their former and present ways of life made them favour intangible forms of culture: it is impossible to transport bulky artefacts when moving frequently by boat, or when living in stilt houses, very close to the sea or on a reef. It is therefore an intangible legacy that is the essence of the Bajo’s culture. Sandro healers have a vast range of expertise that allows them to protect and heal people when they suffer from natural or supernatural diseases. On the other hand, music and especially oral literature are very rich. In addition to song and the pantun poetry contests, the most prestigious genre is the iko-iko, long epic songs that the Bajo consider to be historical rather than fictional narratives. The Bajo’s intangible heritage is fragile, since it is based on oral transmission. In this article, I give a description of this heritage, dividing it into two areas: the knowledge that allows them to “protect and heal” on the one hand, and to “distract and relax”, on the other.
Abstract
Africa boils on account of intractable communal conflicts. Strategies adopted to manage the conflicts conform to western approaches of conflict management. Traditional forms of conflict ...resolution have been rarely applied. This has prompted emphasis on traditional tools of conflict management. Drawing from interviews and archival documents, this paper focuses on the deployment of iko mmee ritual by local civil society organizations in managing the Aguleri and Umuleri communal conflicts in Nigeria. It catalogues the failure of western models, explains the principles underlying iko mmee and how iko mmee was able to facilitate peace in the communities.
Various companies have shown interest in biosimilars in addition to the forerunners in the field such as Sandoz and Nippon Kayaku. Sanofi and Nichi-Iko want to increase development speed by ending ...their joint venture. Foreign drug giant Pfizer announced their entry into the biosimilar market in November 2013 and has been steadily preparing development. Additionally, Fujifilm and Kyowa Hakko Kirin, both late entrants from other industries, have established a joint venture specializing in biosimilars. Their goal is to enter one drug in clinical development each year. The situation described above suggests the large-scale emergence of biosimilars between 2015 and 2018.
This study examined the pollution levels in the coastal water resources and its socio-economic effects on the Iko Group of Communities. Water samples were collected from 19 locations and analyzed ...while socio-economic data were collected using questionnaire. The input data from laboratory analysis were correlated with socio-economic data using correlation and regression analyses. The result shows significant relationship between pollution levels and poverty profile in the communities. The study recommends measures that would improve the quality of coastal water resources and economic viability of the coastal communities in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria.
The medieval bestiary, or moralized book of beasts, has enjoyed immense popularity over the centuries and it continues to influence both literature and art. This collection of essays aims to ...demonstrate the scope and variety of bestiary studies and the ways in which the medieval bestiary can be addressed. The contributors write about the tradition of one of the bestiary's birds, Parisian production of the manuscripts, bestiary animals in a liturgical book, theological as well as secular interpretations of beasts, bestiary creatures in literature, and new perspectives on the bestiary in other genres.
from ANTARA, The Indonesian National News Agency Jakarta, Sept 26 (ANTARA) - The Indonesian Air Force is ready to showcase two of its Russian-made Sukhoi jet fighters during a program to mark the ...63rd anniversary of the Indonesian Defense Forces (TNI) at Dermaga Ujung Air Base in Surabaya, East Java, on October 14, 2008, a spokesman said.
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