The industrial legacy of the Soviet period in Lithuania has become an object of social tension. Even though the industrial heritage of the Soviet period is not directly related to the crimes of the ...occupying authorities, the conversion of industrial objects in the historical parts of cities or of buildings with symbolic significance is contentious among members of the public. For this reason, the conversion of industrial areas in Lithuania has become not only an economic challenge, but also a problem of adaptating to society’s needs, changing society’s attitude toward this type of heritage, and organically integrating that heritage into the city structure. The “Radio City” conversion project is being developed in the context of this social tension but has become an example of adaptation in harmony with the architectural heritage that occupies a dominant position on the block, which is located in one of the historically formed residential districts of Kaunas city.
This reprint focuses on the position of sustainability in engineering and points to the multidimensionality of the issue. Architecture, civil and engineering issues are main themes of discussion, ...with special attention to research and design. Attention is focused on four thematic groups: energy (including energy harvesting), economy (including building circularity), pro-health activities, and design.
Heritage studies and historical preservation in Pakistan, which have gained momentum in the past few decades, have been focused primarily on residential, commercial, and religious architecture dating ...to the British and Mughal eras, leaving aside an important layer of economic and urban history related to the industrialization of major cities. Most industrial buildings are left to decay or are demolished to make space for new development. Based on a literature review of Pakistan’s industrial heritage and site surveys conducted in Pakistan between 2019 and 2021, several industrial facilities were identified that have social, cultural, and economic potential for reuse or retooling to address the problem of inadequate public amenities in urban areas. There is, however, no documentation regarding such sites that is available for use by potential stakeholders. An inventory system is proposed to establish an overview of the industrial heritage in Pakistan (types of sites, current properties, spatial characteristics, significance) and to facilitate the recognition and management of these sites. An “industrial site inventory record” (ISIR) form is proposed to record information about industrial buildings and sites. In addition, an “industrial site statement of significance” (ISSOS) is proposed for use in recording the description, heritage value, and important architectural elements of significant industrial buildings and sites. The proposed inventory system is a step toward the recognition of industrial heritage and its potential for adaptive reuse and contribution to urban regeneration.
The Large Machine Factory (LMF) was built in the complex historical context of the late Qing Dynasty (1840–1912). Its space and construction faithfully record the architectural and cultural fusion ...between Chinese and western traditions and mark the beginning of modern architectural techniques in China. Through historical data and empirical studies, the historical background and architectural characteristics of the LMF were analyzed, and interventions aimed at ensuring authenticity were established. The cultural significance and results of construction were considered two crucial elements in terms of outstanding characteristics. Comprehensive inspection and assessment strategies were discussed, with minimal intervention and interpretation principles. Preventive reinforcement of the foundation, complementary reinforcement of the main structures, restoration of the historic façade and environment, and adaptive spatial interventions were found to be effective ways to ensure authenticity. The principles of minimal intervention and interpretability, which include prevention, recognizability, invisibility, subsidiarity, and intertextuality, were proposed through a comparison with the literature and practical experience. This study provides an appropriate technical reference for ensuring authenticity in the conservation and reuse of modern historic buildings with complex contexts. We propose a new understanding of intervention principles and suggest a guiding intervention path that avoids the complexities arising from the generalized interpretations of authenticity.
PRECAST BEAM-COLUMN CONNECTION FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS Ţibea, Ciprian Ioan; Stanciu, Mihail; Ţibea, Maria Elena
Buletinul Institutului Politehnic din Iași. Secția 6, Construcții, arhitectura,
03/2018, Letnik:
64, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In precast industrial halls structures, a key factor is the beam-column connection. The preferred beam-column connection is made with dowels due to simplicity in assembly stage and low cost. The ...hinged connection between beams and columns is an important element in what regards the overall behaviour of the precast concrete industrial building under seismic loads. Basic design is based on the theoretical response of the structure in regards to vibration modes and/or top displacements and in essence is the calculation of the element sections based on those values. Because the overall behaviour of the structure is influenced by the connections type used, it is considered that the designed connection has to have as much as possible an overall behaviour as the theoretical connection assumed. In this paper we will underline the flaws used in practice/design with current connection and we will propose a new type of connection to be used in future which has already been patented by our company.
The 2012 Emilia earthquakes caused significant damage to existing precast reinforced concrete (RC) industrial buildings not specifically designed to resist seismic actions. The main failure ...mechanisms were related to the loss of support of beams and roof elements caused by high relative displacements, to the failure of the mechanical connections and consequent fall of cladding panels, to the damage at the base of the columns and to the collapse of RC forks at the top of the columns. In all cases, the behavior of the connections, and specifically of beam-to-column connections, demonstrated to be crucial, given that they may inhibit the exploitation of strength and ductility reserves in precast elements. This paper presents a beam-to-column connection restraint-device for precast industrial buildings. The device can be applied to existing structures to transfer horizontal seismic forces between beams and columns and to increase the energy dissipation of the system. Design criteria were defined with the aim to limit the relative maximum displacement at the beam-to-column interface and to mitigate the out-of-plane overturning of the beam. Numerical analyses were carried out to define a suitable shape of the device and to investigate its effectiveness in terms of both local and global behavior. To validate the computational results, experimental tests have been also carried out. The tests allowed to classify the device as “dissipative” according to UNI EN 15129. Finally, the design procedure has been validated considering a one-story industrial building case study designed in accordance with the Italian building code.
Polverini elaborates on the chosen policy approach, at European Union (EU) level, to tackle the environmental impact of ventilation units. At EU level, buildings consume approximately 40% of primary ...energy, and are responsible for 36% of CO2 emissions. It has been estimated that, by improving the energy efficiency of buildings, the total EU energy consumption could be reduced by 5% to 6% and CO2 emissions could be lowered by about 5%; to this extent, legislative measures are in place to address, among others, the issue of the reduction of the energy consumption of buildings. At EU policy level, the Ecodesign Directive requires product manufacturers to improve the environmental performance of their products, typically by meeting minimum energy efficiency requirements, as well as other environmental requirements such as water consumption, emission levels or minimum durability of certain components. By removing the poorest-performing products from the market, the chosen policy approach will increase the manufacture and installation of more energy efficient products and systems.
Used properly, daylight can provide visual comfort, reduce energy consumption and improve health and safety at work. This paper investigates the influence that different roof types, (i.e., sawtooth ...roof, skylight and monitor), have on daylight levels, along with the construction cost in an industrial environment in Athens, Greece. Construction costs and daylight adequacy/uniformity are antagonistic phenomena, since as the distance between the roof openings increases, the construction cost is minimised, while the daylight levels and the uniformity are reduced. Therefore, an optimisation method is proposed in order to find the optimum distance between the roof openings. The selected building is a representative unit of Greek industrial facilities, while the optimisation method is based upon a multiparametric approach. This consists of three (3) different roof opening arrangement types with different geometric characteristics. The daylight metrics used are the Daylight Area, the Daylight Factor, the Mean Daylight Autonomy, the Uniform Daylight Index and the Annual Sunlight Exposure. Overall, sawtooth roofs represent the best choice for daylight provision in industrial buildings at the examined geographic location. Using the aforementioned optimisation method, the optimum solution of distances between the roof openings ranges from 10 m to 13 m.
The appropriate ventilation for factory spaces with regard to volume flow rate and air velocity inside the factory is one of the most important factors in the improvement of the thermal comfort of ...workers and in the reduction of the percentage of pollution they are exposed to, which in turn helps to improve the work environment and increase productivity. It also could improve the performance of machines. Hence, overheating can cause various problems and malfunctions. In this study, three types of mechanical ventilation systems are compared: the wall fan extract ventilation system, the roof fan extract ventilation system, and the spot cooling system. The Ansys software has been used to conduct the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations for the different cases and the ventilation effectiveness factor (VEF) has been used to compare the performances of the three systems. The ventilation factor notably relies on the temperature distribution produced through the modeling and the results show that the most optimal system that can be used for similar factory spaces is the forced ventilation system. Finally, it is also the best in terms of energy consumption, despite the increase in the initial cost of its installation.
Nowadays with the development of science, many new technologies are being introduced to the fabric membrane material fields. Membrane structures have been widely used in industrial storage buildings ...to reduce the dust pollution from open storage depots. But the thermal environment of these buildings is poor due to its light weight and low thermal resistance. It is worth exploring appropriate measures to study this problem. Therefore, a monitoring platform was established in order to study the indoor thermal environment of the industrial storage building with membrane structure. The solar radiation heat model was established using MATLAB program based on the theory of thermal transfers. And studied the impact of the outdoor temperature and solar radiation intensity in the heat transfer characteristics of membrane material. The indoor air temperature distribution of the buildings was also analyzed. The results show that solar radiation has a significant effect on the surface temperature of the fabric membrane material. The solar radiation of different intensities incident on the surface of the fabric membrane causes its surface temperature to fluctuate rapidly and significantly. Without indoor heat source, the indoor thermal environment is mainly affected by the solar radiation heat exchange of the fabric material.
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