Simulation-based interprofessional education (IPE) provides the basis for the necessary competencies for interprofessional collaboration. This study aimed to examine the effects of this educational ...approach on anesthesia students' attitude and teamwork.
This quasi-experimental study was performed on 72 anesthesiology residents and nurse anesthesia students consisting of 36 participants in the intervention and 36 in the control group. The intervention group participated in a simulation-based interprofessional season, including three scenarios in the induction phase of anesthesia. The control group received routine education. We used the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) to measure attitude and the KidSIM Team Performance Scale to assess teamwork. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Covariance, paired T-test, Chi-square, and Fischer's exact test in SPSS software, version 22.
Comparing post-test scores by ANCOVA showed a significant difference between groups (p=0.001) because there was a significant positive change in the overall attitude score in the intervention group after receiving simulation-based IPE. Regarding the quality of teamwork, the intervention group's scores in all three sub-scales changed significantly after intervention (p<0.05).
The simulation-based IPE is recommended to promote a teamwork culture and train empowered anesthesia professionals.
Eating disorders are serious, potentially life-threatening illnesses afflicting individuals through the life span, with a particular impact on both the physical and psychological development of ...children and adolescents. Because care for children and adolescents with eating disorders can be complex and resources for the treatment of eating disorders are often limited, pediatricians may be called on to not only provide medical supervision for their patients with diagnosed eating disorders but also coordinate care and advocate for appropriate services. This clinical report includes a review of common eating disorders diagnosed in children and adolescents, outlines the medical evaluation of patients suspected of having an eating disorder, presents an overview of treatment strategies, and highlights opportunities for advocacy.
Resilience in nurses: an integrative review Hart, Patricia L.; Brannan, Jane D.; De Chesnay, Mary
Journal of nursing management,
September 2014, Letnik:
22, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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Aim
To describe nursing research that has been conducted to understand the phenomenon of resilience in nurses.
Background
Resilience is the ability to bounce back or cope successfully despite adverse ...circumstances. Nurses deal with modern‐day problems that affect their abilities to remain resilient. Nursing administrators/managers need to look for solutions not only to recruit nurses, but to become knowledgeable about how to support and retain nurses.
Evaluation
A comprehensive search was undertaken for nursing research conducted between 1990 and 2011. Key search terms were nurse, resilience, resiliency and resilient. Whittemore and Knafl's integrative approach was used to conduct the methodological review.
Key issues
Challenging workplaces, psychological emptiness, diminishing inner balance and a sense of dissonance are contributing factors for resilience. Examples of intrapersonal characteristics include hope, self‐efficacy and coping. Cognitive reframing, toughening up, grounding connections, work‐life balance and reconciliation are resilience building strategies.
Conclusion
This review provides information about the concept of resilience. Becoming aware of contributing factors to the need for resilience and successful strategies to build resilience can help in recruiting and retaining nurses.
Implications for nursing management
Understanding the concept of resilience can assist in providing support and developing programmes to help nurses become and stay resilient.
Background: Interprofessional education (IPE) aims to bring together different professionals to learn with, from, and about one another in order to collaborate more effectively in the delivery of ...safe, high-quality care for patients/clients. Given its potential for improving collaboration and care delivery, there have been repeated calls for the wider-scale implementation of IPE across education and clinical settings. Increasingly, a range of IPE initiatives are being implemented and evaluated which are adding to the growth of evidence for this form of education.
Aim: The overall aim of this review is to update a previous BEME review published in 2007. In doing so, this update sought to synthesize the evolving nature of the IPE evidence.
Methods: Medline, CINAHL, BEI, and ASSIA were searched from May 2005 to June 2014. Also, journal hand searches were undertaken. All potential abstracts and papers were screened by pairs of reviewers to determine inclusion. All included papers were assessed for methodological quality and those deemed as "high quality" were included. The presage-process-product (3P) model and a modified Kirkpatrick model were employed to analyze and synthesize the included studies.
Results: Twenty-five new IPE studies were included in this update. These studies were added to the 21 studies from the previous review to form a complete data set of 46 high-quality IPE studies. In relation to the 3P model, overall the updated review found that most of the presage and process factors identified from the previous review were further supported in the newer studies. In regard to the products (outcomes) reported, the results from this review continue to show far more positive than neutral or mixed outcomes reported in the included studies. Based on the modified Kirkpatrick model, the included studies suggest that learners respond well to IPE, their attitudes and perceptions of one another improve, and they report increases in collaborative knowledge and skills. There is more limited, but growing, evidence related to changes in behavior, organizational practice, and benefits to patients/clients.
Conclusions: This updated review found that key context (presage) and process factors reported in the previous review continue to have resonance on the delivery of IPE. In addition, the newer studies have provided further evidence for the effects on IPE related to a number of different outcomes. Based on these conclusions, a series of key implications for the development of IPE are offered.
Iatrogenesis often results from performance deficiencies among medical team members. Team-targeted rudeness may underlie such performance deficiencies, with individuals exposed to rude behavior being ...less helpful and cooperative. Our objective was to explore the impact of rudeness on the performance of medical teams.
Twenty-four NICU teams participated in a training simulation involving a preterm infant whose condition acutely deteriorated due to necrotizing enterocolitis. Participants were informed that a foreign expert on team reflexivity in medicine would observe them. Teams were randomly assigned to either exposure to rudeness (in which the expert's comments included mildly rude statements completely unrelated to the teams' performance) or control (neutral comments). The videotaped simulation sessions were evaluated by 3 independent judges (blinded to team exposure) who used structured questionnaires to assess team performance, information-sharing, and help-seeking.
The composite diagnostic and procedural performance scores were lower for members of teams exposed to rudeness than to members of the control teams (2.6 vs 3.2 P = .005 and 2.8 vs 3.3 P = .008, respectively). Rudeness alone explained nearly 12% of the variance in diagnostic and procedural performance. A model specifying information-sharing and help-seeking as mediators linking rudeness to team performance explained an even greater portion of the variance in diagnostic and procedural performance (R(2) = 52.3 and 42.7, respectively).
Rudeness had adverse consequences on the diagnostic and procedural performance of the NICU team members. Information-sharing mediated the adverse effect of rudeness on diagnostic performance, and help-seeking mediated the effect of rudeness on procedural performance.
Scientific Utopia III: Crowdsourcing Science Uhlmann, Eric Luis; Ebersole, Charles R.; Chartier, Christopher R. ...
Perspectives on psychological science,
09/2019, Letnik:
14, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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Most scientific research is conducted by small teams of investigators who together formulate hypotheses, collect data, conduct analyses, and report novel findings. These teams operate independently ...as vertically integrated silos. Here we argue that scientific research that is horizontally distributed can provide substantial complementary value, aiming to maximize available resources, promote inclusiveness and transparency, and increase rigor and reliability. This alternative approach enables researchers to tackle ambitious projects that would not be possible under the standard model. Crowdsourced scientific initiatives vary in the degree of communication between project members from largely independent work curated by a coordination team to crowd collaboration on shared activities. The potential benefits and challenges of large-scale collaboration span the entire research process: ideation, study design, data collection, data analysis, reporting, and peer review. Complementing traditional small science with crowdsourced approaches can accelerate the progress of science and improve the quality of scientific research.
Interprofessional teamwork is touted as essential to positive patient, staff, and organizational outcomes. However, differing understandings of teamwork and divergent professional cultures amongst ...healthcare providers influence the success of teamwork. In labour and delivery, nurse-physician teamwork is vital to safe, family-centered maternity care. In this focused ethnography, the perceptions of obstetrical nurses were sought to understand nurse-physician teamwork and the features that facilitate or impede it. These nurses acknowledged working in a normative hierarchy, with physicians ultimately responsible for patient care decision-making. They described myriad ways in which they navigated traditional power dynamics and smoothed working relationships with physicians, such as circumventing disrespectful behaviors, venting with each other, highlighting their own autonomy, using tactical communication, and managing unit resources. According to these nurses, key facilitators of functional nurse-physicians relationships were time, trust, respect, credibility, and social connection. Further, the nature of their working relationships with physicians influenced their perceptions regarding intent to stay, workplace morale, and patient outcomes.
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