The importance of external debt emerged as a critical component of Yugoslavia’s crisis in the late 1970s and early 1980s.The article comprehensively examines the underlying factors contributing to ...the accumulation of significant debt, analyzes the government’s reactive measures to address the financial situation, and looks at the state-level strategic initiatives undertaken by the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) in 1980. These attempts sought to protect external liquidity by obtaining extra loans from prominent Western nations, engaging with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and negotiating for financial aid from Kuwait.
U radu se na osnovu arhivske građe pohranjene u nizu fondova Arhiva Jugoslavije i Vojnog arhiva i dosadašnje istoriografske i publicističke literature razmatraju uvođenje predvojničke obuke u ...Jugoslaviji, zakonski okviri u kojima je ona funkcionisala, njeni ciljevi, organizacija, programi i tok izvođenja, kao i njeni posebni vidovi i problemi sa kojima se suočavala. Osim toga, osvrnuli smo se i na rasprave koje su pred kraj posmatranog perioda vođene u cilju pronalaženja novih perspektiva predvojničke obuke u Jugoslaviji.
Autor na temelju relevantne literature i objavljenih izvora analizira sličnosti i razlike u politici komunističkih režima u Jugoslaviji i Poljskoj, a s obzirom na sličnosti i razlike u njihovim ...socijalističkim sustavima i međunarodnom položaju u određenim povijesnim razdobljima. Naime, iako su obje zemlje nakon Drugoga svjetskog rata uspostavile sovjetski tip državnog socijalizma, Jugoslavija je 1948. raskinula savez sa sovjetskim komunističkim blokom te uspostavila poseban oblik socijalističkog uređenja, koji je s vremenom nazvan samoupravni socijalizam. S druge strane Poljska je ostala pod čvrstim nadzorom sovjetskoga komunističkog režima, sve do njegova pada. Autor u ovom radu analizira razdoblje od uspostave komunističke vlasti u Jugoslaviji i Poljskoj 1945. godine do početka Drugoga vatikanskog koncila 1962. godine.
Based on relevant literature and published sources, the author analyzes the similarities and differences in the policies of the communist regimes in Yugoslavia and Poland, especially in terms of similarities and differences in their socialist systems and international position in certain historical periods. Namely, although both countries established the Soviet type of state socialism after the Second World War, from 1948 Yugoslavia left the Soviet communist bloc and gradually established a special form of socialist regime that was later called "self-governing socialism". On the other hand, Poland remained under the strong control of the Soviet communist regime until its collapse. In this paper, the author analyzes the period from the establishment of the communist regime in Yugoslavia and Poland in 1945 to the beginning of the Second Vatican Council in 1962.
The monograph addresses the question of Yugoslav automobile heritage and memory. The vehicle of choice in this endeavour is the Crvena Zastava make Zastava 750, better known as Fičko. The author ...traces the post-Yugoslav stories of the car as an object that left a deep mark in automobile and memorial landscapes of the latter 20th and early 21st centuries. As an object of memory and tinkering, Fičko is used as a metaphorical vehicle to address the issues related to nostalgia and memory, but also to engage with complex questions concerning automobile heritage and nationalisation of memory and industrial. Through the analysis of various practices of re-presencing the past he author thematises the relationship between affect and automobility in (digital) popular culture and not least the relationship to the Yugoslav socialist past in general.
U članku se na osnovu arhivske građe, memoara i literature analizira sudbina nasleđa ruske emigracije u Jugoslaviji (muzeja, biblioteka, arhiva, školskih i zdravstvenih ustanova, kao i grobnih ...kompleksa) u periodu od 1944. do 1945. godine – po prelasku Crvene armije granica predratne Jugoslavije, oslobodilačkih operacija i dolaska na vlast Komunističke partije Jugoslavije. Ukazuje se na nejednoznačnost odnosa prema nasleđu ruske emigracije i različitu praksu.
U radu je analiziran slučaj udžbenika povijesti za četvrti razred gimnazije koji je duže od dvije godine bio u Katalogu odobrenih udžbenika, a potom je izbrisan iz kataloga. Analizom su obuhvaćene ...tri tematske cjeline (druga Jugoslavija, Republika Hrvatska, Domovinski rat), a analiza je provedena usporedbom sadržaja udžbenika s odredbama kurikuluma i drugih zakonskih i podzakonskih propisa koji su obvezujući za udžbenike povijesti. Uz to je pojašnjen i širi kontekst rasprava i sukoba koji u Hrvatskoj traju dva desetljeća glede problematike udžbenika i nastave povijesti. Analizom je zaključeno da sadržaj spornog udžbenika nije utemeljen ni na znanstvenim i obrazovnim standardima niti na propisanim vrijednosnim i etičkim zahtjevima, pa stoga ima iznimno razorne odgojne i obrazovne učinke. Na koncu je rad otvorio i ključno pitanje, kako je uopće bilo moguće da je takav udžbenik u ministarstvu uspio proći postupak stručne procjene i uvrštavanja u Katalog udžbenika.
This paper examines the case of a fourth-grade high school history textbook, which remained in the approved Textbook Catalogue for over two years before being removed. The analysis covers three thematic areas (the Second Yugoslavia, the Republic of Croatia, the Homeland War), comparing the textbook’s contents with provisions of the Curriculum and other laws and regulations that are binding for history textbooks. Additionally, the paper clarifies the broader context of debates and conflicts in Croatia over the past two decades regarding textbook issues and history teaching. The analysis concludes that the contents of the disputed textbook lacks foundation in scientific and educational standards, and prescribed value and ethical requirements, resulting in profoundly detrimental educational and upbringing effects. The paper raises fundamental questions about how such a textbook managed to pass the Ministry’s professional evaluation process and be included in the Textbook Catalogue.
This paper explores the role of Russian emigration in shaping Yugoslav perceptions of Soviet life, drawing on authentic testimonials from “experts on Russian issues” in the 1929–1930 Belgrade ...newspaper. Adopting a cultural perspective, the analysis of these narratives unveils diverse observational positions, exemplified by the reporting of two Prague Russians: Left SR Vladimir Ivanovich Lebedev and “Krest’yanskaya Rossiya” party deputy, Sergey Semyonovich Maslov. The case study, centered on articles from Politika, Vreme, and Pravda, underscores the multifaceted nature of Yugoslav attitudes towards the Soviet Union during this period, contributing to a nuanced understanding of the impact of Russian emigration on public opinion.
Mirjana Gross’s program of historiographical modernization, in the form of a comprehensive social history aimed at overcoming the limitations of traditional histoire événementielle, was not limited ...to her native Croatian historiography but also had a direct influence on the modernization aspirations of Yugoslav historiographies during the so-called “late socialism.” Starting from the assessment that, from the early 1960s, Mirjana Gross was a key promoter of the “new history” within the community of Yugoslav historians, the paper tries to analyze her program of historical modernization, the resistance it encountered, as well as its overall achievements in Yugoslavia during that time.
Ovaj članak proučava razvoj rumunjsko-jugoslavenskih odnosa od 1948. do 1964. godine. Istražuju se dva različita razdoblja u njihovim odnosima. Prvo je od 1948. do 1953. godine, kad je došlo do ...sovjetsko-jugoslavenskog i rumunjsko-jugoslavenskog sukoba koji je, zapravo, predstavljao presedan koji će postupno razoriti jedinstvo socijalističkog tabora. Za drugo razdoblje (od 1954. do 1964.) vezani su početak normalizacije i zbližavanje Bukurešta i Beograda. To je odgovaralo njihovim nacionalnim interesima i predstavljalo je protutežu politici supersila. U vanjskoj politici dviju zemalja odražavali su se ideološka neslaganja i potreba za društveno-ekonomskim razvojem, a osjećao se i snažan utjecaj i iz komunističkog bloka i izvan njega.
EN: This article examines the evolution of the Romanian-Yugoslav relations from 1948 to1964. The study explores two different periods in the relations of these two countries. The first period was ...from 1948 to 1953, when the Soviet-Yugoslav and Roman-Yugoslav conflicts occurred, practically constituting a precedent that would gradually ruin the unity of the socialist camp. The second period (1954 – 1964) corresponds with the beginning of the normalization, bringing Bucharest and Belgrade even closer and aiming to satisfy their national interests and counterbalance the policy of the superpowers. Ideological divergences and the need for socio-economic development were reflected in the character of the foreign policies of the two countries, which were under a strong influence of interventions from inside and outside the communist bloc. HR: Ovaj članak proučava razvoj rumunjsko-jugoslavenskih odnosa od 1948. do 1964. godine. Istražuju se dva različita razdoblja u njihovim odnosima. Prvo je od 1948. do 1953. godine, kad je došlo do sovjetsko-jugoslavenskog i rumunjsko-jugoslavenskog sukoba koji je, zapravo, predstavljao presedan koji će postupno razoriti jedinstvo socijalističkog tabora. Za drugo razdoblje (od 1954. do 1964.) vezani su početak normalizacije i zbližavanje Bukurešta i Beograda. To je odgovaralo njihovim nacionalnim interesima i predstavljalo je protutežu politici supersila. U vanjskoj politici dviju zemalja odražavali su se ideološka neslaganja i potreba za društveno-ekonomskim razvojem, a osjećao se i snažan utjecaj i iz komunističkog bloka i izvan njega.
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