A multidimensional approach was applied to analyze trends of the Cuban scientific output in the context of the 21 Latin American countries exceeding two million inhabitants. Output performance for ...each country were compared. The following parameters were analyzed: output and journals indexed at Scopus (SCImago stats, 1996–2018) and the Web of Science Core Collection (1996–2019), journals covered by SciELO, academic journals registered at Latindex, and the number of serials registered by the ISSN International Centre. The comparative elements include: Web of Science vs. Scopus annual output and by cumulative frequency, share of academic journal output by country vs. total output, output in national journals and document typologies. It was shown that either annual or cumulative, ranking in the LAC region has been quite stable despite few changes during 2015–2019. The rise of Brazil’s output either in foreign or Brazilian journals increased its cumulative regional contribution by 11.37% from 1996 to 2018 and equivalently stabilized or decreased the relative regional contribution indexes for most countries either cumulative (positive change only for Mexico) or annual (positive changes for Colombia, Ecuador, Chile and Peru). In spite of its 11th position in population and 10th position in GDP, Cuba ranked among the first eight most productive countries (ranked 7th in total documents), quantitatively outperforming LAC countries with more GDP and population. Its ranking was highly influenced by Cuban journals’ output. Some considerations are provided for a more balanced analysis of scientific output in relation to socio-economic and database indexing aspects.
Latin American and Caribbean's (LAC) external dependency on fossil fuels and the pursuit for renewable energy leads to the need for a strategy to afford a cleaner and reliable domestic energy supply. ...Sugarcane presents high photosynthetic efficiency and it is a well-spread crop in LAC. Our study aims to explore the potential of different approaches of modern energy production from sugarcane, at a national level, and its implication to the environmental aspects. We found that Guatemala, Nicaragua and Cuba would be able to replace 10% of the gasoline and about 2–3% of the diesel consumption by only using the current molasses. With a slight expansion on sugarcane production, Bolivia can replace 20% of the gasoline and diesel, besides providing surplus ethanol for exportation or other purposes. With a minor investment, bagasse may enlarge the electricity access in many countries whereas in other may represent an alternative to replace fossil fuel sources. We also found relevant potential on reducing the GHG emissions specially in Bolivia, Paraguay and Nicaragua. However, the implementation of such strategies must be supported by appropriate policies to ensure competitive prices, overcome opportunity costs, and stimulate investments.
•Sugarcane offers a large potential as renewable energy.•Sugarcane ethanol can reduce the fossil fuel imports in LAC countries.•Bagasse can contribute to enlarge the electricity access.•Sugarcane can promote the GHG emission savings.•Appropriate policy is key issue to put in place such strategy.
In this article, I elaborate on discourses and discursively mediated subject positions regarding the working self in Cuba. My main objective is to analyze whether and how highly qualified ...professionals in Cuba position themselves relating to these discourses and subject positions. Building on the hitherto little-known conceptual framework of interpretive sutjectitication analysis, I perform the empirical analysis in two parts: First, I identify subject positions directed at Cuban workers in contemporary discourses on the Cuban realm of work. Second, based on qualitative interviews with highly qualified professionals in Havana, I reconstruct individual selfpositioning modes. I demonstrate how the interviewees described and explained their professional biographies by relating to discourses and subject positions. By indicating similarities and differences with the existing literature on the working self in Western, post-Fordist, and neoliberal contexts, I intend to enhance the understanding of subjectification processes in a new context. Simultaneously, I evaluate whether the approach of interpretive sutjectitication analysis, which was developed in a Western, market-capitalist context, is equally fruitful for understanding subjectification processes in Cuba. In doing so, I contribute to the advancement of this approach.
Zusammenfassung In der kubanischen Hauptstadt Havanna eröffnet am 19. Dezember 2019 eine Dauerausstellung zu Alexander von Humboldt. Die Casa Museo Humboldt an einem historischen Ort der Altstadt ...wird damit zum weltweit ersten Alexander von Humboldt-Museum. In kubanischer-deutscher Kooperation erarbeitet, zeigt die Ausstellung Humboldt auf zwei Ebenen: im Kontext seiner Naturerforschung und dem seiner Begegnungen auf der fünfjährigen Amerikareise. Die Ausstellung richtet sich an kubanische wie internationale Besucher. Sie wirft einen hintergründigen und aktuellen Blick auf Humboldt in Amerika und versteht sich als Partner und Forum für Wissenschaft, Bildung und Kultur in Kuba. Abstract A permanent exhibition on Alexander von Humboldt will be inaugurated in the Cuban capital Havana on 19 December 2019. The Casa Museo Humboldt in Havana’s historic center will be the world’s first museum dedicated to Alexander von Humboldt. Developed in Cuban-German cooperation, the exhibition follows two main perspectives on Humboldt: the context of his research about nature and that of his human encounters during his five-year trip to America. The exhibition is focused both on a Cuban and an international public. It takes a profound and up-to-date look at Humboldt in America and aims to be partner and forum for science, education and culture in Cuba. Resumen Una exposición permanente sobre Alexander von Humboldt se inaugurará en la capital cubana, La Habana, el 19 de diciembre de 2019. La Casa Museo Humboldt, situada en un lugar histórico del casco antiguo, se convertirá así en el primer museo Humboldt del mundo. Desarrollada en cooperación cubano-alemana, la exposición muestra a Humboldt en dos niveles: en el contexto de su investigación sobre la naturaleza y en el de sus encuentros durante su viaje de cinco años a América. La exposición está dirigida a visitantes cubanos e internacionales. Ofrece una visión profunda y actual de Humboldt en América y se ve a sí mismo como un socio y un foro para la ciencia, la educación y la cultura en Cuba.
This book chronicles the dawn of the global movement for women's rights in the first decades of the twentieth century. The founding mothers of this movement were not based primarily in the United ...States, however, or in Europe. Instead, Katherine M. Marino introduces readers to a cast of remarkable Latin American and Caribbean women whose deep friendships and intense rivalries forged global feminism out of an era of imperialism, racism, and fascism. Six dynamic activists form the heart of this story: from Brazil, Bertha Lutz; from Cuba, Ofelia Domingez Navarro; from Uruguay, Paulina Luisi; from Panama, Clara Gonzalez; from Chile, Marta Vergara; and from the United States, Doris Stevens. This Pan-American network drove a transnational movement that advocated women's suffrage, equal pay for equal work, maternity rights, and broader self-determination. Their painstaking efforts led to the enshrinement of women's rights in the United Nations Charter and the development of a framework for international human rights. But their work also revealed deep divides, with Latin American activists overcoming U.S. presumptions to feminist superiority. As Marino shows, these early fractures continue to influence divisions among today's activists along class, racial, and national lines.
Marino's multinational and multilingual research yields a new narrative for the creation of global feminism. The leading women introduced here were forerunners in understanding the power relations at the heart of international affairs. Their drive to enshrine fundamental rights for women, children, and all people of the world stands as a testament to what can be accomplished when global thinking meets local action.
Globalisierung, Digitalisierung, Klimawandel, Migrationsbewegungen und Pandemie gestalten nicht nur unseren Alltag, sondern auch die Wissenschaft neu. Angesichts dieser gesellschaftlich ...tiefgreifenden Veränderungen werden Grenzen und ihre Überwindung zu immer zentraleren Herausforderungen, auch für die pädagogischen Forschungsfelder. Der Band versammelt vielfältige Beitrage zum Thema Entgrenzungen und richtet dabei den Blick auf Ent- und Begrenzung in ihrer Bedeutung für Bildung, Erziehung und Sozialisation. (DIPF/Orig.)
Electrochemical therapy (EChT) is an evolving technique that allows for the minimally invasive ablation of tumors and cancers through the application of direct current (DC). The therapy boasts a low ...cost in comparison to many standardized procedures and could be made one of the most accessible forms of minimally invasive procedures for the targeting of tumors, owing to not only cost but also surgical simplicity. Furthermore, the treatment removes the need for oncospecific drugs and major surgical procedures, can be used when typical therapies are ill‐advised, and has shown clinical success in China, Brazil, Cuba, and Germany. Here, we will explore the new technologies, mathematical models, proposed mechanisms, and applications of EChT; as these develop, EChT may soon find itself at the forefront of the oncological world.
On target: Electrochemical treatment (EChT) displays many enticing features such as its simple technique, an ability to be highly specific in targeting, its ability to be minimally invasive, and its use when many oncospecific treatments are unable to be safely used such as for the treatment of tumors in which surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy has been ineffective or deemed overly harmful. EChT has been applied to many superficial cancers and can now target internal cancers.
