In der 1970 gegründeten Reihe erscheinen Arbeiten, die philosophiehistorische Studien mit einem systematischen Ansatz oder systematische Studien mit philosophiehistorischen Rekonstruktionen ...verbinden. Neben deutschsprachigen werden auch englischsprachige Monographien veröffentlicht.
Locke's Biblical Critique Corbett, Ross J.
The Review of politics,
01/2012, Letnik:
74, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The essay clarifies the relationship between Locke's political and his religious thought. To the extent that Locke's political thought is an outgrowth of a particular strand of Christianity, its ...claims to universality would be significantly diminished. Several plausible interpretations of his political thought rely on his religiosity. Others maintain that this religiosity was a façade. Close attention to Locke's analysis of the Hebrew text of Gen. 1:28 unambiguously points to a critique of the Bible on semantic grounds. Locke subtly argues that the wording of the Bible makes the interpretation of scripture by scripture alone impossible. The fact that Locke goes out of his way to critique the Bible refutes interpretations of Locke's thought that rely on his religiosity and reestablishes the universalist claims of his political thought.
This text is a translation of the fifth chapter from the book "Theology and Social Theory: Beyond Secular Reason" by John Milbank. This chapter is devoted to theological criticism of sociology of ...religion. The author analyses approaches to religion by Durkheim, Weber, Parsons, Berger, Luckmann, Bellah, Luhmann, Turner, as well as anthropological concepts of religion by C. Geertz and M. Douglas. Special attention is devoted to functionalism in biblical criticism and historiography of early Christianity (one can find analysis of works by N. Gottwald, P. Brown and W. Meeks). From author’s point of view, "as a ‘science of the sublime’, sociology is locked into the paradox of the Kantian critique of metaphysics and of any claims to the representation of the absolute". Author wants to show that "all twentieth century sociology of religion can be exposed as a secular policing of the sublime" and that this sociology of religion is manifestation of "secular will-to-power".
The recent `religious turn' within Locke scholarship has stressed the need to understand his theological commitments when approaching his political thought. One area of interpretation that has been ...completely transformed by this heightened sensitivity to the religious roots of Locke's thought is his account of property ownership which, it is claimed, contains a `right to charity' — a subsistence entitlement that trumps established ownership rights. However, this increasingly accepted interpretive claim has been made without significant attention to the way in which charity is deployed throughout Locke's writing. The aim of this article is to try and get to grips with Locke's various usages of the term and determine whether the concept he deploys is a consistent one. After discussion of the uncertain role charity plays in his account of property, we examine how it is defined in the Essay Concerning Human /nderstanding, and then turn to the crucial position it occupies in his theological corpus. Though Locke's understanding of charity seems fraught with ambiguities, the reason for these ambiguities relate to his configuration of charity as a disposition rather than a mere act , a configuration linked inextricably to his account of toleration.
Abstract This essay defends the controversial and indeed counterintuitive claim that there is a good argument to be made from a Lockean perspective for government action to guarantee access to health ...care. The essay maintains that this argument is in some regards more robust than the well-known argument in defense of universal health care spelled out by Norman Daniels, which this essay also examines in some detail. Locke's view that government should protect people's lives, property, and freedom-where freedom is understood as independence and self-determination-justifies government action to ensure access to health care, because (roughly), just as individuals cannot protect themselves from crime and foreign invasion, so individuals are unable to provide for their own health care. Defense from disease is as important as defense from crime, and-although this is arguable-government action to guarantee access to health care does not itself undermine freedom. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
John Locke Thiel, Udo
2010, 2008-09-03, Letnik:
6
eBook
John Lockes Essay über den menschlichen Verstand (zuerst 1690 erschienen) ist eines der einflussreichsten Bücher der Philosophiegeschichte. Es behandelt vorwiegend erkenntnis- und ...wissenschaftstheoretische Themen, nimmt aber auch Stellung zu Fragen aus der Philosophie des Geistes, der Religionsphilosophie und der Ethik. Locke war einer der Initiatoren und führenden Köpfe der europäischen Aufklärung. Die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Essay wird auch in der Philosophie der Gegenwart vehement fortgesetzt. Die elf Beiträge dieses Bandes, die Bibliographie und ein ausführliches Glossar machen das Buch zu einem wichtigen Begleittext zu Lockes Werk.
Abstract This article contends that liberalism in America underwent a fundamental transformation during the Progressive Era. This transformation took place, partly, through the Progressives' ...reinterpretation of the doctrine of property rights that had served as a foundation for founding-era liberalism. Progressives rejected the eighteenth-century, natural-rights principles which had privileged individual rights to life, liberty, and property as the fundamental aims of any just government, and argued instead that America at the turn of the twentieth century was beset by a tyranny of the minority which was employing property rights to inhibit genuine freedom for the bulk of the population. This article examines the character of founding-era liberalism and points to the connection between the political theory of the Declaration of Independence and John Locke's Second Treatise of Government. It then provides an account of the Progressive critique of this original version of American liberalism. The Progressive critique is shown to take two forms: a rejection of property rights in principle, followed by a rejection of them in practice. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
John Locke's Letter Concerning Toleration (1689) is one of the most widely-read texts in the political theory of toleration, and a key text for the liberal tradition. However, Locke also defended ...toleration more extensively in three subsequent Letters, which he wrote in response to criticism by an Anglican cleric, Jonas Proast. This edition, which includes a new translation of the original Letter, by Michael Silverthorne, enables readers to assess John Locke's theory of toleration by studying both his classic work and essential extracts from the later Letters. An introduction by Richard Vernon sets Locke's theory in its historical context and examines the key questions for contemporary political theorists which arise from this major work in the history of political thought.
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